scholarly journals Circulating Adiponectin Is Associated with Obesity and Serum Lipids in West Africans

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 3517-3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine G. Meilleur ◽  
Ayo Doumatey ◽  
Hanxia Huang ◽  
Bashira Charles ◽  
Guanjie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Context: Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, has both metabolic and antiinflammatory properties. Although multiple studies have described the relationship between adiponectin and obesity in several human populations, no large studies have evaluated this relationship in Africans. Objective: We investigated the relationship between adiponectin and measures of obesity, serum lipids, and insulin resistance in a large African cohort. Design: Participants are from the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study, a case-control study of genetic and other risk factors associated with development of type 2 diabetes in Africans. Setting: Patients were recruited from five academic medical centers in Nigeria and Ghana (Accra and Kumasi in Ghana and Enugu, Ibadan, and Lagos in Nigeria) over 10 yr. Main Outcome Measures: Circulating adiponectin levels were measured in 690 nondiabetic controls using an ELISA. The correlation between log-transformed circulating adiponectin levels and age, gender, measures of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference, and percent fat mass), and serum lipid levels was assessed. Linear regression was used to explore the association between adiponectin levels and measures of obesity, lipids, and insulin resistance as measured by homeostasis model assessment. Results: Significant negative associations were observed between log-adiponectin levels and measures of obesity after adjusting for age and gender. Similarly, log-adiponectin levels were significantly negatively associated with serum triglycerides and insulin resistance but positively associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and total cholesterol after adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index. Conclusions: Circulating adiponectin is significantly associated with measures of obesity, serum lipids, and insulin resistance in this study of West African populations.

Changes regarding Age and Correlations between Serum Lipids and Body Mass Index in Humankind

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yamasawa ◽  
S. Kamohara ◽  
M. Shiota ◽  
T. Komori ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
And Gender

Summary Objectives: To improve insight into age and gender related distributions of serum lipids and their correlation with body mass index (BMI). Methods: Serum lipids embracing atherogenic index (AI) and BMI were analyzed from the results obtained in 19,823 men and 14,788 women undergoing a health examination between 1986 and 1996. Results: The changes in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), AI and BMI differed regarding gender. Although high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) showed a flat pattern for all ages in both genders, its level in women was higher than in men. The ratio of the number in the unsuitable range to those in the suitable range increased with age as to TC in both sexes, then more than half of the population have an unsuitable level in the sixth decade. As for the correlation between serum lipids and BMI: TC, TG and AI correlated positively, but HDL-C correlated negatively. There were significant gaps between both age and gender. Conclusions: We suggest that the normal range of values of serum lipids needs to be revised according to gender and age to evaluate the risk status for a cardio-cerebrovascular disease more precisely in the field of preventive medicine. Simpler guidelines are preferable in specialized care as well as in general practice, particularly since computer technology is not yet universally adapted. In the near future, when computed information technology will be as common as the electricity and the telephone are current on the whole earth, all guidelines will have to be computed on the spot and personally.

scholarly journals Pigment epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Varies with Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Young People

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. E2114-E2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L. Sunderland ◽  
Jeanie B. Tryggestad ◽  
Joshua J. Wang ◽  
April M. Teague ◽  
Lauren V. Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Males And Females

Context: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was recently implicated as a metabolic regulatory protein because plasma concentration was increased in obese or insulin resistant adults. To our knowledge, circulating PEDF values in children have not been reported. Because PEDF is a predictor of metabolic health in adults, it may have a similar impact on metabolic profiles in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether PEDF in normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW) children and young adults varies with age, sex, or body composition or is associated with clinical markers of metabolic disease. Setting: Volunteers were tested at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. Participants: Ninety-one NW (8–30 yr old) and 105 OW (8–35 yr old) males and females participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Body composition, blood pressure, arterial compliance, fasting plasma PEDF, glucose, insulin, (used for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), triglycerides, cholesterol (total, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein), and C-reactive protein. Results: PEDF was 60% higher in the OW vs. NW participants but did not differ between males and females. PEDF was positively correlated with body mass, body mass index, fat and lean mass, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in both the NW and OW groups. Multiple regression models revealed that fat and lean mass were significant predictors of circulating PEDF levels independent of age, sex, and body mass index category. Conclusions: Plasma PEDF is elevated in OW youth and is positively associated with insulin resistance. These findings suggest that PEDF may play a role in the development of cardiometabolic dysfunction in youth.

Increase of body mass index (BMI) from 1.5 to 3 years of age augments the degree of insulin resistance corresponding to BMI at 12 years of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Arisaka ◽  
Toshimi Sairenchi ◽  
Go Ichikawa ◽  
Satomi Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract:To elucidate the effect of early growth patterns on the metabolic sensitivity to adiposity, we examined the relationship between the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI) levels at 12 years of age in 101 boys and 91 girls in a birth cohort. Children with an increase in BMI from the ages of 1.5 to 3 years exhibited a greater increase of HOMA-IR per BMI increase at 12 years of age compared to those with a decrease in BMI or stable BMI from 1.5 to 3 years. This suggests that children who show an increase in BMI from 1.5 to 3 years, a period normally characterized by a decreased or stable BMI, are more prone to developing insulin resistance at 12 years of age.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

scholarly journals Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 4899-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Lesya Zaichenko ◽  
Mary Brinkoetter ◽  
Bindiya Thakkar ◽  
Ayse Sahin-Efe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk. Design, Setting, and Subjects: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional evaluation of baseline circulating levels of the novel hormone irisin and the established adipokine adiponectin with MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk in a sample of 151 subjects. Results: Baseline irisin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in subjects without MetS. Irisin was associated negatively with adiponectin (r = −0.4, P &lt; .001) and positively with body mass index (r = 0.22, P = .008), systolic (r = 0.17, P = .04) and diastolic (r = 0.27, P = .001) blood pressure, fasting glucose (r = 0.25, P = .002), triglycerides (r = 0.25, P = .003), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, P &lt; .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index, subjects in the highest tertile of irisin levels were more likely to have MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 9.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.66–33.44), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.72–19.60), high triglycerides (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.16–13.03), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.18–9.20). Irisin was independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and general Framingham risk profile in multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders. Adiponectin demonstrated the expected associations with outcomes. Conclusions: Irisin is associated with increased risk of MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD in humans, indicating either increased secretion by adipose/muscle tissue and/or a compensatory increase of irisin to overcome an underlying irisin resistance in these subjects.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index Predicts Aldosterone Production in Normotensive Adults on a High-Salt Diet

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 4472-4475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda Bentley-Lewis ◽  
Gail K. Adler ◽  
Todd Perlstein ◽  
Ellen W. Seely ◽  
Paul N. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Serum Aldosterone ◽  
Aldosterone Production ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Abstract Context: The mechanisms underlying obesity-mediated cardiovascular disease are not fully understood. Aldosterone and insulin resistance both are associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to test the hypotheses that aldosterone production is elevated and associated with insulin resistance in overweight adults on a high-sodium diet. Participants/Interventions: Healthy normotensive adults were categorized as lean body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2 (n = 63) or overweight BMI 25 kg/m2 or greater (n = 57). After 7 d of a high-sodium diet, participants fasted overnight and remained supine throughout hemodynamic and laboratory assessments and angiotensin II (AngII) stimulation. Results: The overweight group, compared with the lean group, had higher 24-h urinary aldosterone (9.0 ± 0.8 vs. 6.6 ± 0.5 μg per 24 h; P = 0.003) and higher AngII-stimulated serum aldosterone (11.4 ± 1.0 vs. 9.0 ± 0.6 ng/dl; P = 0.04). There were no differences in 24-h urinary cortisol or sodium or supine measurements of plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone, or serum potassium. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was predicted by urinary aldosterone excretion (r = 0.32, P = 0.03) and serum aldosterone response to AngII stimulation (r = 0.28, P = 0.02) independent of age and BMI. Conclusion: Urinary aldosterone excretion and AngII-stimulated aldosterone are increased in overweight, compared with lean, normotensive adults. The correlation of these measures of aldosterone production with insulin resistance suggests a potential role for aldosterone in the pathophysiology of obesity-mediated insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Factors associated with serum lipids of adolescents from the Brazilian South

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmem Cristina Beck ◽  
Adair da Silva Lopes ◽  
José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes factors associated with serum lipids in adolescents from southern Brazil. METHODS: This is a school-based cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample composed of 660 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years from the city of Três de Maio, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The following independent variables were analyzed: body mass index; waist-to-height ratio; moderate to vigorous level of physical activity; sedentary behaviour; lipid, total saturated fatty acid, cholesterol, sodium, and fiber intakes; smoking; and alcohol abuse. Linear regression analysis tested the association between the independent variables and total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. RESULTS: Body mass index was directly associated with total cholesterol (β=0.96, p=0.001) and reversely associated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (β=-0.45, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: High body mass index may have a negative impact on the lipid profile of adolescents. Thus, monitoring nutritional status is important to prevent and control dyslipidemia in adolescents. We suggest multidisciplinary and intersectoral actions that encourage teenagers to acquire a healthy lifestyle, with emphasis on the adoption of an active lifestyle and balanced diet.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Body Mass Index with Disease Activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Raouf Merza ◽  
Kurdistan Ali ◽  
Dlair Mohamad ◽  
Sundus Wahhab
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Find out the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and W.C with disease activity scorein AS patients and its association with clinical characteristics of AS. One hundred and five patients (75 male and 30 female) who visited rheumatology and medical rehabilitation centerin Sulaimani city were recorded in this cross-sectional study. Disease activity was measured by ASDAS-ESR in the hand-held calculator.BMI was calculated and waist circumference(W.C.) was measured and both were evaluated with disease activity score and disease characteristics in those with normal BMI and W.C and those with abnormal BMI and W.C.Data of one hundred and five patients were involved in this study with a mean age of 37±9.5 years with the predominance of male gender (71.4%). The mean BMI of the patients was27.2±4.6 kg/m², 28.6% of them were obese and 35.2% of them were overweight. Patients who were overweight, obese and increased W.C had significantly higher disease activity scoresand older compared to those who had normal BMI and W.C(p value<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of peripheral arthritis,disease duration, clinical characteristics of AS, and gender (P value>0.05). Overweight, obesity and increased W.C are common among AS patients and significantly related to disease activity score and age, but not with disease characteristics and gender

scholarly journals TNF-α and Hyperandrogenism: A Clinical, Biochemical, and Molecular Genetic Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 3761-3767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor F. Escobar-Morreale ◽  
Rosa M. Calvo ◽  
José Sancho ◽  
José L. San Millán
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Serum Androgens ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
The Relationship

To evaluate the role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism, we have evaluated the serum TNF-α levels, as well as several polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNF-α gene, in a group of 60 hyperandrogenic patients and 27 healthy controls matched for body mass index. Hyperandrogenic patients presented with mildly increased serum TNF-α levels as compared with controls (mean[median] ± sd: 7.2[7.0] ± 3.3 pg/ml vs. 5.6[4.4] ± 4.0 pg/ml, P &lt; 0.02). Although no differences in body mass index and insulin resistance indexes were observed between patients and controls, when subjects were classified by body weight, serum TNF-α was increased only in lean patients as compared with lean controls, but this difference was not statistically significant when comparing obese patients with obese controls. The TNF-α gene polymorphisms studied here (−1196C/T, −1125G/C,− 1031T/C, −863C/A, −857C/T, −316G/A, −308G/A, −238G/A, and− 163G/A) were equally distributed in hyperandrogenic patients and controls. However, carriers of the −308A variant presented with increased basal and leuprolide-stimulated serum androgens and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels when considering patients and controls as a group. No differences were observed in serum TNF-α levels, body mass index, and insulin resistance indexes, depending on the presence or absence of these variants. In conclusion, our present results suggest that the TNF-α system might contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism, independent of obesity and insulin resistance. However, elucidation of the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between the TNF-α system and androgen excess is needed before considering TNF-α as a significant contributing factor to the development of hyperandrogenism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document