scholarly journals Pigment epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Varies with Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Young People

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. E2114-E2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L. Sunderland ◽  
Jeanie B. Tryggestad ◽  
Joshua J. Wang ◽  
April M. Teague ◽  
Lauren V. Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Males And Females

Context: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was recently implicated as a metabolic regulatory protein because plasma concentration was increased in obese or insulin resistant adults. To our knowledge, circulating PEDF values in children have not been reported. Because PEDF is a predictor of metabolic health in adults, it may have a similar impact on metabolic profiles in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether PEDF in normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW) children and young adults varies with age, sex, or body composition or is associated with clinical markers of metabolic disease. Setting: Volunteers were tested at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. Participants: Ninety-one NW (8–30 yr old) and 105 OW (8–35 yr old) males and females participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Body composition, blood pressure, arterial compliance, fasting plasma PEDF, glucose, insulin, (used for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), triglycerides, cholesterol (total, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein), and C-reactive protein. Results: PEDF was 60% higher in the OW vs. NW participants but did not differ between males and females. PEDF was positively correlated with body mass, body mass index, fat and lean mass, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in both the NW and OW groups. Multiple regression models revealed that fat and lean mass were significant predictors of circulating PEDF levels independent of age, sex, and body mass index category. Conclusions: Plasma PEDF is elevated in OW youth and is positively associated with insulin resistance. These findings suggest that PEDF may play a role in the development of cardiometabolic dysfunction in youth.

scholarly journals Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 4899-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Lesya Zaichenko ◽  
Mary Brinkoetter ◽  
Bindiya Thakkar ◽  
Ayse Sahin-Efe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk. Design, Setting, and Subjects: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional evaluation of baseline circulating levels of the novel hormone irisin and the established adipokine adiponectin with MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk in a sample of 151 subjects. Results: Baseline irisin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in subjects without MetS. Irisin was associated negatively with adiponectin (r = −0.4, P < .001) and positively with body mass index (r = 0.22, P = .008), systolic (r = 0.17, P = .04) and diastolic (r = 0.27, P = .001) blood pressure, fasting glucose (r = 0.25, P = .002), triglycerides (r = 0.25, P = .003), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, P < .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index, subjects in the highest tertile of irisin levels were more likely to have MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 9.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.66–33.44), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.72–19.60), high triglycerides (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.16–13.03), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.18–9.20). Irisin was independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and general Framingham risk profile in multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders. Adiponectin demonstrated the expected associations with outcomes. Conclusions: Irisin is associated with increased risk of MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD in humans, indicating either increased secretion by adipose/muscle tissue and/or a compensatory increase of irisin to overcome an underlying irisin resistance in these subjects.

scholarly journals Circulating Adiponectin Is Associated with Obesity and Serum Lipids in West Africans

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 3517-3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine G. Meilleur ◽  
Ayo Doumatey ◽  
Hanxia Huang ◽  
Bashira Charles ◽  
Guanjie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Context: Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, has both metabolic and antiinflammatory properties. Although multiple studies have described the relationship between adiponectin and obesity in several human populations, no large studies have evaluated this relationship in Africans. Objective: We investigated the relationship between adiponectin and measures of obesity, serum lipids, and insulin resistance in a large African cohort. Design: Participants are from the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study, a case-control study of genetic and other risk factors associated with development of type 2 diabetes in Africans. Setting: Patients were recruited from five academic medical centers in Nigeria and Ghana (Accra and Kumasi in Ghana and Enugu, Ibadan, and Lagos in Nigeria) over 10 yr. Main Outcome Measures: Circulating adiponectin levels were measured in 690 nondiabetic controls using an ELISA. The correlation between log-transformed circulating adiponectin levels and age, gender, measures of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference, and percent fat mass), and serum lipid levels was assessed. Linear regression was used to explore the association between adiponectin levels and measures of obesity, lipids, and insulin resistance as measured by homeostasis model assessment. Results: Significant negative associations were observed between log-adiponectin levels and measures of obesity after adjusting for age and gender. Similarly, log-adiponectin levels were significantly negatively associated with serum triglycerides and insulin resistance but positively associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and total cholesterol after adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index. Conclusions: Circulating adiponectin is significantly associated with measures of obesity, serum lipids, and insulin resistance in this study of West African populations.

scholarly journals Modulation of Adiponectin and Leptin during Refeeding of Female Anorexia Nervosa Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1843-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalit Modan-Moses ◽  
Daniel Stein ◽  
Clara Pariente ◽  
Amit Yaroslavsky ◽  
Anka Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Total Adiponectin

Abstract Context: Several studies assessed adiponectin levels in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, however, data regarding the dynamics of changes in adiponectin levels during refeeding of these patients is limited and contradicting. Objective: Our objective was to assess adiponectin levels and the distribution of its different isoforms in AN patients before and after long-term refeeding, and to relate them to alterations in body mass index, leptin, insulin sensitivity, and additional endocrine parameters. Design, Setting, and Participants: We conducted a longitudinal controlled study of 38 female adolescent malnourished AN inpatients, with 13 young, lean, healthy women serving as controls. Blood samples were obtained upon admission and thereafter at 1, 3, and 5 months (at target weight). Main Outcome Measures: Changes in body mass index, leptin, adiponectin, insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin multimeric forms were measured. Results: At admission, leptin levels of AN patients were significantly lower, whereas insulin sensitivity (assessed by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance), adiponectin levels, and the ratio of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin to total adiponectin were significantly higher compared with controls. During weight recovery, leptin levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance increased significantly, whereas adiponectin and HMW adiponectin/total adiponectin ratio decreased significantly, to levels similar to controls. An initial increase in adiponectin levels was observed after 1 month of refeeding. There was no correlation between adiponectin and either T4 or cortisol levels. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates hyperadiponectinemia, increased adiponectin HMW isoform, and increased insulin sensitivity in adolescent AN female patients and reversal of these findings with weight rehabilitation. We hypothesize that increased adiponectin levels may have a protective role in maintaining energy homeostasis during extreme malnourishment.

scholarly journals The Effects of Reduction Mammaplasty on Serum Leptin Levels and Insulin Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hakan Uzun ◽  
Ozan Bitik ◽  
Yahya Baltu ◽  
Çiğdem Sönmez ◽  
Ayşegül Öztürk Kaymak
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reduction Mammaplasty ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Leptin

Background.The reduction mammaplasty has been a well-executed and known procedure in which considerable amount of fatty tissue is removed from the body. The authors aimed to show the effects of the reduction mammaplasty on serum leptin levels and insulin resistance.Methods.42 obese female patients who had gigantomastia were operated on. We recorded patients’ demographic and preoperative data, including age, weight, height, and body mass index. Fasting serum leptin, glucose, and insulin levels were noted. Homeostasis model assessment scores were calculated. At the postoperative 8th week, patients were reevaluated in terms of above parameters assessing the presence of any difference.Results.Serum leptin levels were decreased postoperatively and the decrease was statistically significant. We were able to show a decrease in homeostasis model assessment score, which indicated an increase in insulin sensitivity, and this change was statistically significant. A significant correlation between body mass index and leptin change was found postoperatively.Conclusion.Reduction mammaplasty is not solely an aesthetic procedure but it decreases serum leptin levels and increases insulin sensitivity, which may help obese women to reduce their cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Correlation between Body Mass Index and Homa Index in Bariatric Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Paula Dejeu ◽  
Viorel Dejeu ◽  
Dănuț Dejeu ◽  
Bembea Marius
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Gastric By Pass

Abstract Background and aims: Overweight and obese individuals are prone to an insulin resistance status assessed in the present study by the HOMA index ("Homeostasis model assessment"). This prospective study assessed the body mass index (BMI) and the insulin resistance status (HOMA index) in obese patients after bariatric surgery (gastric sleeve, gastric by-pass). Material and Methods: The study included 48 patients who were assessed before the bariatric surgery and at 6 months thereafter. The assessment included the body mass index (BMI) and the HOMA index before meal. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and HOMA index, mostly between weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance status (rho = 0.308, p = 0.0335). Conclusions: BMI decreases significantly after bariatric surgery, which correlates positively with an improvement in insulin resistance status.

scholarly journals Circulating Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Levels Are Associated with Insulin Resistance and Decrease after Weight Loss

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 4720-4728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mònica Sabater ◽  
Jose M. Moreno-Navarrete ◽  
Francisco José Ortega ◽  
Gerard Pardo ◽  
Javier Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Human Preadipocytes

Objective: We aimed to study circulating pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in vivo in association with insulin resistance and in vitro in human adipocytes. Methods: Circulating PEDF (ELISA) and metabolic profile were assessed in 125 Caucasian men. PEDF levels were also assessed in an independent cohort of subjects (n = 33) to study the effects of changing insulin action. PEDF gene expression and secretion were measured during differentiation of human preadipocytes. Results: In all subjects, PEDF was positively associated with body mass index (r = 0.326; P < 0.0001), waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.380; P < 0.0001), HbA1c, and fasting triglycerides and negatively with insulin sensitivity (r = −0.320; P < 0.0001). PEDF levels were significantly increased in subjects with altered glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Of the inflammatory markers measured, PEDF levels were positively associated with serum soluble TNF-α receptor 1 and IL-10 in obese subjects. Interestingly, weight loss led to significantly decreased PEDF concentration from 34.8 ± 19.3 to 22.5 ± 14.2 μg/ml (P < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that insulin sensitivity contributed independently to explain 14% of the variance in PEDF levels after controlling for the effects of body mass index, age, and log fasting triglycerides. Differences in PEDF observed after weight loss were related to changes in obesity, insulin resistance, and blood pressure measures. PEDF gene expression and secretion increased during differentiation of human preadipocytes. Conclusion: Circulating PEDF is associated with insulin sensitivity. The findings show, for the first time in humans, that PEDF concentrations decrease significantly after weight loss in association with blood pressure. PEDF seems to be involved in human adipocyte biology.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

scholarly journals Endotrophin as a novel marker in PCOS and its relation with other adipokines and metabolic parameters: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882110496
Author(s):  
Gurhan Guney ◽  
Mine Islimye Taskin ◽  
Ozgur Baykan ◽  
Ertan Adali ◽  
Selin Gul Tezcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is known to be the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. Current evidence shows that regulatory proteins secreted from the adipose tissue called adipokines may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome. We planned to investigate the role of endotrophin that has never been researched in polycystic ovary syndrome before and its correlation with other metabolic parameters and adipokines such as adiponectin and ghrelin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: Forty-three women ( n: 43) with polycystic ovary syndrome and 43 ( n: 43) women as a control group were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum levels of endotrophin, adiponectin, and ghrelin levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol levels, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, total testosterone, and triglyceride levels were measured. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index, body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, and waist-to-hip ratio were also evaluated. Results: Total testosterone, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, and triglyceride levels were higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( p < 0.01). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein levels ( p > 0.05). We did not observe any significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels between the groups ( p > 0.05). Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome had significantly higher endotrophin levels ( p < 0.01). According to our regression analyses [area under the curve: 0.973 (0.935–1.000), 95% confidence interval, 95.2% sensitivity, and 100% specificity], it was shown that endotrophin greater than 92 ng/ml and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance greater than 2.5 might be good predictors for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis. Conclusion: We demonstrated that endotrophin level is higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and may have predicted polycystic ovary syndrome with increased homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index. There was no significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome group. Endotrophin may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome etiology rather than other adipokines.

scholarly journals PPARαAgonist Fenofibrate Reduced the Secreting Load ofβ-Cells in Hypertriglyceridemia Patients with Normal Glucose Tolerance

PPAR Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yanjin Hu ◽  
Yumei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Fenofibrate Treatment ◽  
Normal Glucose

Hypertriglyceridemia is an important risk factor associated with insulin resistance andβ-cell dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of hypertriglyceridemia and fenofibrate treatment on insulin sensitivity andβ-cell function in subjects with normal glucose tolerance. A total of 1974 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were divided into the normal TG group (NTG group,n=1302) and hypertriglyceridemia group (HTG group,n=672). Next, 92 patients selected randomly from 672 patients with hypertriglyceridemia were assigned to a 24-week fenofibrate treatment. The HTG group had increased waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell function (HOMA-β) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with the NTG group (allP<0.01). The 24-week fenofibrate treatment significantly decreased the WC, BMI, TG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-βlevels and increased the HDL-C levels in the patients with hypertriglyceridemia (WC, BMI, and HOMA-IR:P<0.05; TG, HDL-C, and HOMA-β:P<0.01). The fenofibrate treatment significantly alleviated insulin resistance and reduced the secreting load ofβ-cells in the hypertriglyceridemia patients with normal glucose tolerance.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise-induced changes in body composition and blood lipids in young women

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvydas Stasiulis ◽  
Asta Mockienė ◽  
Daiva Vizbaraitė ◽  
Pranas Mockus
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Cycling Training

The objective of the study was to assess changes in body composition, blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 18–24-year-old women during the period of two-month aerobic cycling training. Material and methods. Young, healthy, nonsmoking women (n=19) volunteered to participate in this study. They were divided in two groups: experimental (E, n=10) and control (C, n=9). The subjects of group E exercised 3 times a week with intensity of the first ventilatory threshold and duration of 60 min. The group C did not exercise regularly over a two-month period of the experiment. The subjects of group E were tested before and after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of the experiment. The participants of group C were tested twice with an eight-week interval. Results. Body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, and triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch) concentration increased after the 8-week training program in the experimental group (P<0.05). Blood total cholesterol (Tch) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch) concentrations did not change significantly. Body weight and body mass index started to decrease after 2 weeks of the experiment, but significant changes were observed only after 6 and 8 weeks. Body fat mass was significantly decreased after 2 and 8 weeks of aerobic training. A significant increase in HDL-ch concentration was observed after 4, 6, and 8 weeks. A significant decrease in TAG concentration was observed after 2-week training. No significant changes in all the parameters except TAG (it was slightly increased) were seen in the control group. Conclusions. The two-month aerobic cycling training (within VT1, 60-min duration, three times a week) may induce significant changes in the parameters of body composition – body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, and blood lipids – in young women. The following significant changes were observed: TAG level decreased after 2 weeks, body mass and body mass index decreased after 6 weeks, body fat mass decreased and HDL-ch level increased after 8 weeks. Peak oxygen uptake increased after 4 weeks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document