scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Influence of Sex, Sex Hormones, and Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 2552-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Insenser ◽  
Mora Murri ◽  
Rosa del Campo ◽  
M Ángeles Martínez-García ◽  
Elena Fernández-Durán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Context Gut microbiota play a major role in health and disease by influencing physiology, metabolism, nutrition, and immune function. Objective To evaluate the composition of gut microbiota in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), focusing on the influence of sex, sex hormones and obesity on the associations found. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Academic hospital. Participants We recruited 15 women with PCOS, 16 nonhyperandrogenic control women, and 15 control men. Participants were classified as nonobese (<30 kg/m2) or obese (≥30 kg/m2) according to their body mass index. Interventions Standardization of diet for 3 consecutive days (at least 300 g of carbohydrates per day) followed by fecal sampling and a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Main Outcome Measures Analysis of bacterial abundance and composition of gut microbiota by massive sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA amplicons in a MiSeq platform (Illumina). Results α Bacterial diversity was reduced in women compared with men, and β diversity was reduced particularly in obese patients with PCOS. Women with PCOS presented with specific abnormalities in gut microbiota consisting of an increased abundance of the Catenibacterium and Kandleria genera. When all participants as a whole were considered, indexes of bacterial diversity and the abundance of several bacterial genera correlated positively with serum androgen concentrations and negatively with estradiol levels. Conclusions The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota of young adults are influenced by the combined effects of sex, sex hormone concentrations, and obesity, presenting with specific abnormalities in women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Predictors of Scalp Hair Thinning in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Deborah E Ikhena ◽  
Joanne Williams ◽  
Nighat Naqvi ◽  
Lubna Pal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of perceived scalp hair thinning (SHT) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of women with PCOS to determine the prevalence and predictors of SHT in this population. The sample included 263 women presenting to a reproductive endocrinologist at a tertiary care teaching institution for symptoms relating to PCOS. The main outcome measures were symptoms of PCOS including SHT, quality of life, hormonal and metabolic parameters. Clinical, hormonal and metabolic predictors of SHT were determined utilizing multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: SHT was acknowledged by 27% of subjects. Advancing age (p=0.024), subjective hirsutism (odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.91), disturbed sleep (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.1–3.4) and smoking (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.0–3.9) were associated with significantly increased likelihood of SHT (p<0.05). Serum androgen levels did not relate to SHT. On analyses adjusting for age, body mass index, race, and smoking status, abnormal two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OR 9.9, 95% CI 3.1–30.2), serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.97–0.99), and skipped meals (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.3–7.3) were independent predictors of SHT in women with PCOS. Conclusions: Similar to acanthosis nigricans, our data identify SHT as a phenotypic reflection of concomitant metabolic burden in women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Indexes of Insulin Resistance in Hyperinsulinemic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Macedonian Cohort of Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-612
Author(s):  
Sasha Jovanovska-Mishevska ◽  
Aleksandra Atanasova-Boshku ◽  
Iskra Bitoska ◽  
Irfan Ahmeti ◽  
Biljana Todorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is complex hormonal, metabolic and reproductive disorder and is a leading cause of female infertility. Hyperinsulinemia secondary to insulin resistance plays important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.AIM: To assess the sensitivity of different indices of insulin resistance and their relevance in a clinical setting.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 43 patients with PCOS and 29 noromo ovulatory women as a control group was conducted. Standard clinical, anthropometrical and hormonal testing for hyperandrogenism was conducted, as well as oral glucose tolerance test with determination of basal and stimulated glucose and insulin values.RESULTS: The dynamic I/G index showed the highest sensitivity and specificity, but the static indexes HOMA-IR and QUICKI, although based on only basal glycemic and insulinemic values, showed good sensitivity, 90.38% and 94.01% respectively. HOMA-IR showed significant positive correlation with the stimulated insulin values.CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the use of static indexes in the evaluation of insulin resistance in women with PCOS in a clinical setting, offering a simple assessment of insulin resistance in PCOS, which holds great prognostic and treatment implications.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Self-reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Profiles of Health Among Women of Different Generations: A Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Jodie C. Avery ◽  
Lisa J. Moran ◽  
Vivienne Moore ◽  
Renae C. Fernandez ◽  
Melissa Whitrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Women

Objective: Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered a lifelong disorder, very little is understood about the diagnosis and impact of this condition in women outside of the peak reproductive years. We examined the frequency of diagnosed PCOS and concurrent health conditions in women across the lifespan. Methods: Data were analysed from 1509 women aged 15–95 years participating in a cross-sectional, face-to-face population survey in South Australia, 2015. We assessed the prevalence of PCOS in 10-year age groups and the frequency of comorbidities in women with and without PCOS subgrouped by age (< 45, [Formula: see text] 45 years). The main outcome measures were Diagnosed PCOS and other chronic conditions; lifestyle factors. Logistic regression analyses determined the risk of comorbidities in women with PCOS adjusting for age and BMI. Results: Overall prevalence of PCOS was 5.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.6–6.9%), peaking in the 35–44 year age group (9.1%), and lowest in those aged 15–24 (4.1%) or [Formula: see text] 65 (3.7%) years. Women with PCOS and aged <45 years were more likely to report diabetes (16.7% vs. 3.8%), cardiovascular disease (15.5% vs. 7.2%) and arthritis (15.5% vs. 7.2%) than their peers; these differences were diminished in the [Formula: see text] 45 year age group. The odds of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were more than doubled among women with PCOS (adjOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.49–4.31; adjOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.31–7.68). Conclusion: PCOS is underdiagnosed in young and post-menopausal women. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are key comorbidities requiring greater attention in younger women with PCOS.

scholarly journals The effects of obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome on serum lipocalin-2 levels: a cross-sectional study

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Panidis ◽  
Konstantinos Tziomalos ◽  
Ekaterini Koiou ◽  
Eleni A Kandaraki ◽  
Elena Tsourdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Changes in clinical and biochemical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome with advancing age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros ◽  
Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto ◽  
Matheus Antônio Souto de Medeiros ◽  
Bruna Barcelo Barbosa ◽  
José Maria Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Age Stratification

Objective To verify whether aging can modify the clinical and biochemical characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material and methods This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the reproductive endocrinology clinics of Julio Muller University Hospital and Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil, between 2003 and 2017. Both, 796 PCOS and 444 non-PCOS normal cycling women underwent the same examination. PCOS was diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria as recommended for adolescent and adult subjects. Anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrinological modifications with aging were initially examined in the two groups: control and PCOS. Further analyses were performed after a 5-year age stratification of data throughout the reproductive period. All participants signed a consent form approved by the local ethical committee. Results Biomarkers of adiposity were more remarkable in African descendant PCOS women. Body weight, waist/hip ratio, fat mass, and BMI were higher in PCOS women and tended to increase at all 5 age-strata, between ≤19 and 35 years of age. Serum androgen levels decreased with aging, markedly in PCOS subjects (P < 0.01 for all age-strata comparisons), but remained elevated when compared with the levels found in controls. Carbohydrate markers, triglycerides, and total cholesterol tended to increase over time in PCOS (P < 0.01 for all age-strata comparisons). Total cholesterol also tended to increase with age in non-PCOS women (P = 0.041). Conclusion The present study has shown that the advancing age influences many features of PCOS women. Biochemical hyperandrogenism, the core criterion recommended in the current systems to define the syndrome, showed statistically significant tendencies to decrease with aging progression but did not normalize. The use of age-adjusted features for the diagnosis of PCOS are recommended.

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