scholarly journals The Prevalence and Characteristics of Colorectal Neoplasia in Acromegaly

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 3417-3424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Renehan ◽  
Pudhupalayan Bhaskar ◽  
John E. Painter ◽  
Sarah T. O’Dwyer ◽  
Najib Haboubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Colonic Neoplasia ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Age Range

Abstract An increased prevalence of colorectal neoplasia has been reported in acromegalic patients, and recommendations have been made for early colonoscopic screening and regular surveillance. This assumption, however, is frequently drawn from studies using selected control populations. To clarify colonoscopic management in these patients, we undertook a 2-center prospective screening colonoscopy study in 122 acromegalics (age range, 25–82 yr). In the absence of ideal age-matched controls, we calculated prevalence rates of occult adenocarcinomas and adenomas in the general population using cumulative data in the published literature from 8 autopsy studies (model 1, n = 3559) and 4 screening colonoscopy studies (model 2, n = 810), applying linear regression models. Of the 115 patients with complete examinations, adenocarcinomas were discovered in 3 (2.6%), and at least 1 adenoma was found in 11, giving an overall prevalence of neoplasia of 12% (14 of 115). Prevalence rates for age bands 30–40, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, and 70+ yr were 0%, 8%, 12%, 20%, and 21%, respectively. Compared with the 2 control models, the prevalence of occult colorectal cancer was not significantly increased (acromegalics vs. models 1 and 2, 2.6% vs. 2.3% and 0.9%), nor was there an increase in the prevalence of adenomas in any age band. Pathological characteristics showed some differences, in that adenomas in acromegalics tended to be right sided (68% vs. 57% and 56%), larger (for ≥10 mm, 27% vs. 13% and 9%), and of advanced histology (for tubulovillous, 27% vs. 4% and 22%). No associations were found between the presence of colonic neoplasia and the duration of disease, total GH exposure, cure status, and serum insulin-like growth factor I. This study has failed to demonstrate an increased prevalence of neoplasia in acromegalic patients compared with the expected prevalence in the general population and questions the need for an aggressive colonoscopic screening policy.

scholarly journals Obesity Increases Prevalence of Colonic Adenomas at Screening Colonoscopy: A Canadian Community-Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore F. Shapero ◽  
Grant I. Chen ◽  
Tim Devlin ◽  
Alison Gibbs ◽  
Iain C. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Colonic Neoplasia ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Advanced Adenomas ◽  
Tobacco Usage

Background and Aims. Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia. We examined the influence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) on prevalence of neoplasia at screening colonoscopy. Methods. We evaluated 2020 subjects undergoing first screening colonoscopy. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated at enrolment. Hyperlipidemia (HL), hypertension (HT), and diabetes mellitus (DM) were identified. Details of colonoscopy, polypectomy, and histology were recorded. Odds for adenomas (A) and advanced adenomas (ADV) in overweight (BMI 25.1–30) and obese (BMI > 30) subjects were assessed by multinomial regression, adjusted for covariates. Analyses included relationships between HL, HT, DM, age, tobacco usage, and neoplasia. Discriminatory power of HT, HL, DM, and BMI for neoplasia was assessed by binary logistic regression. Odds were calculated for neoplasia in each colonic segment related to BMI. Results. A and ADV were commoner in overweight and obese males, obese females, older subjects, and smokers. HL, HT, and DM were associated with increased odds for neoplasia, significantly for A with hypertension. BMI alone predicted neoplasia as well as HT, HL, DM, or combinations thereof. All segments of the colon were affected. Multiple polyps were particularly prevalent in the obese. Conclusions. Obesity and MetS are risk factors for colonic neoplasia in a Canadian population.

scholarly journals Physiological Aldosterone Concentrations Are Associated with Alterations of Lipid Metabolism: Observations from the General Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hannich ◽  
H. Wallaschofski ◽  
M. Nauck ◽  
M. Reincke ◽  
C. Adolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
General Population ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models

Objective. Aldosterone and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are involved in many pathophysiological processes that contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Previously, associations between the concentrations of aldosterone and certain components of the lipid metabolism in the peripheral circulation were suggested, but data from the general population is sparse. We therefore aimed to assess the associations between aldosterone and HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglycerides, or non-HDL-C in the general adult population. Methods. Data from 793 men and 938 women aged 25–85 years who participated in the first follow-up of the Study of Health in Pomerania were obtained. The associations of aldosterone with serum lipid concentrations were assessed in multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and HbA1c. Results. The linear regression models showed statistically significant positive associations of aldosterone with LDL-C (β-coefficient = 0.022, standard error = 0.010, p=0.03) and non-HDL-C (β-coefficient = 0.023, standard error = 0.009, p=0.01) as well as an inverse association of aldosterone with HDL-C (β-coefficient = −0.022, standard error = 0.011, p=0.04). Conclusions. The present data show that plasma aldosterone is positively associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C and inversely associated with HDL-C in the general population. Our data thus suggests that aldosterone concentrations within the physiological range may be related to alterations of lipid metabolism.

Fatigue in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia: general population comparison and predictive factors

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002312
Author(s):  
Laura B Oswald ◽  
Adriano Venditti ◽  
David Cella ◽  
Francesco Cottone ◽  
Anna Candoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Risk Categories ◽  
Acute Myeloid

ObjectivesThis study compared the burden of fatigue between treatment-naïve patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and the general population and investigated patient factors associated with fatigue severity.MethodsPretreatment patient-reported fatigue was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue questionnaire in a sample of 463 newly diagnosed patients with AML who were enrolled in a clinical trial. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the adjusted mean differences in fatigue between patients with AML and adults from the general population (n=847) by AML disease risk categories. A clinically meaningful difference in fatigue was defined as ≥3 points. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify sociodemographic, clinical and molecular correlates of worse fatigue in patients with AML.ResultsPatients with AML reported adjusted mean fatigue scores that were 7.5 points worse than the general population (95% CI −8.6 to −6.4, p<0.001). Across AML disease risk categories, adjusted mean differences in fatigue compared with the general population ranged from 6.7 points worse (patients with favourable risk: 95% CI −8.6 to −4.8, p<0.001) to 8.9 points worse (patients with poor risk, 95% CI −10.5 to −7.2, p<0.001). Overall, 91% of patients with AML reported fatigue that was equal to or worse than the general population’s median fatigue score. Higher pretreatment fatigue was independently associated with female sex, WHO performance status ≥1 and lower platelet levels.ConclusionsPatients with newly diagnosed AML reported worse fatigue than the general population, and mean differences exceeded twice the threshold for clinical significance. Our findings may help to identify patients with AML most likely to benefit from supportive care interventions to reduce fatigue.

scholarly journals The African American United Memory and Aging Project: AD Knowledge and Family History as It Relates to Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
Alyssa Gamaldo ◽  
Allison Caban-Holt ◽  
Travonia Brown-Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Biological Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge Survey ◽  
Age Range

Abstract This study explores the influence of Black adults’ Alzheimer’s disease (AD) knowledge and family history of AD on cognition. A sample of Black adults (n=66, age range=45-84) completed a computerized cognitive (CogState Brief) battery and surveys of AD knowledge, family history of AD diagnosis, and health. On the 14-item AD knowledge survey, participants correctly answered a mean of 10.80 (SD=1.50) items. Approximately, 56% reported a biological family member diagnosed with AD, of these 30% reported this being a mother or father. Linear regression models suggested no significant association between AD knowledge and cognitive performance. However, adults with a family member diagnosed with AD had worse visual learning accuracy even after adjusting for age, education, and income. Increased age was associated with worse processing speed, particularly in adults with a mother diagnosed with AD. These findings demonstrate the importance of examining the influence of family history on Black adults’ cognitive health.

FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENYALURAN KREDIT BANK PERSERO

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Wigiyanti Masodah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

Offering credit is the main activity of a Bank. There are some considerations when a bank offers credit, that includes Interest Rates, Inflation, and NPL. This study aims to find out the impact of Variable Interest Rates, Inflation variables and NPL variables on credit disbursed. The object in this study is state-owned banks. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that Interest Rates and NPL gave some negative impacts on the given credit. Meanwhile, Inflation variable does not have a significant effect on credit given. Keywords: Interest Rate, Inflation, NPL, offered Credit.

Linear Regression Models for Interval-Valued Data using Log-transformation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nykolas Mayko Maia Barbosa ◽  
João Paulo Pordeus Gomes ◽  
César Lincoln Cavalcante Mattos ◽  
Diêgo Farias Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Log Transformation ◽  
Interval Valued

THE PREDICTIVE CONTENT OF DISAGGREGATED NORMAL INCOME: An Empirical Study in the JSX

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Sugiri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Predictive Content ◽  
Multiple Step

The main objective of this study is to examine a hypothesis that the predictive content of normal income disaggregated into operating income and nonoperating income outperforms that of aggregated normal income in predicting future cash flow. To test the hypothesis, linear regression models are developed. The model parameters are estimated based on fifty-five manufacturing firms listed in the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) up to the end of 1997.This study finds that empirical evidence supports the hypothesis. This evidence supports arguments that, in reporting income from continuing operations, multiple-step approach is preferred to single-step one.

scholarly journals Relationships between test positivity rate, total laboratory confirmed cases of malaria, and malaria incidence in high burden settings of Uganda: an ecological analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaffer Okiring ◽  
Adrienne Epstein ◽  
Jane F. Namuganga ◽  
Victor Kamya ◽  
Asadu Sserwanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Exponential Regression ◽  
Malaria Morbidity ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Catchment Areas

Abstract Background Malaria surveillance is critical for monitoring changes in malaria morbidity over time. National Malaria Control Programmes often rely on surrogate measures of malaria incidence, including the test positivity rate (TPR) and total laboratory confirmed cases of malaria (TCM), to monitor trends in malaria morbidity. However, there are limited data on the accuracy of TPR and TCM for predicting temporal changes in malaria incidence, especially in high burden settings. Methods This study leveraged data from 5 malaria reference centres (MRCs) located in high burden settings over a 15-month period from November 2018 through January 2020 as part of an enhanced health facility-based surveillance system established in Uganda. Individual level data were collected from all outpatients including demographics, laboratory test results, and village of residence. Estimates of malaria incidence were derived from catchment areas around the MRCs. Temporal relationships between monthly aggregate measures of TPR and TCM relative to estimates of malaria incidence were examined using linear and exponential regression models. Results A total of 149,739 outpatient visits to the 5 MRCs were recorded. Overall, malaria was suspected in 73.4% of visits, 99.1% of patients with suspected malaria received a diagnostic test, and 69.7% of those tested for malaria were positive. Temporal correlations between monthly measures of TPR and malaria incidence using linear and exponential regression models were relatively poor, with small changes in TPR frequently associated with large changes in malaria incidence. Linear regression models of temporal changes in TCM provided the most parsimonious and accurate predictor of changes in malaria incidence, with adjusted R2 values ranging from 0.81 to 0.98 across the 5 MRCs. However, the slope of the regression lines indicating the change in malaria incidence per unit change in TCM varied from 0.57 to 2.13 across the 5 MRCs, and when combining data across all 5 sites, the R2 value reduced to 0.38. Conclusions In high malaria burden areas of Uganda, site-specific temporal changes in TCM had a strong linear relationship with malaria incidence and were a more useful metric than TPR. However, caution should be taken when comparing changes in TCM across sites.

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