scholarly journals Normalization of HbA1c Following an Ad-Libitum, Non-Ketogenic Low Carbohydrate Diet Along With Antidiabetic Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A471-A472
Author(s):  
Naji Torbay ◽  
Rita Nawar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Antidiabetic Agents ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Induce Weight Gain

Abstract Background and Aims: Recent scientific research has found that remission of T2DM can be achieved with substantial weight loss following hypocaloric diet or bariatric surgery. The DiRECT study has shown that after 12 months of dietary management, almost half of participants achieved remission to a non-diabetic state and off antidiabetic drugs. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of an ad-libitum, low carbohydrate non-ketogenic diet (LCNK) on T2DM control and weight loss of patients reporting to our clinic. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical charts of 131 T2DM patients (60% male) who were not receiving insulin; the average number of years with T2DM was 8.4years, mean age was 52.8±1.0 years, mean HbA1c was 8.4±0.1 %, and mean BMI was 32.7±0.6 kg/m2. We instructed patients on an ad-libitum LCNK diet providing 130 - 150g of carbohydrate/day coupled with combination therapy of Metformin and any of the currently available antidiabetic drugs (except those known to induce weight gain). Those on sulfonylurea or glitazones had their doses tapered down and eventually discontinued. Results: All patients came for a first follow up visit within 3 months of being instructed on the diet. Significant weight loss was observed in these patients (91.5±1.7 vs. 85.6±1.5 Kg, p<0.001); equivalent to a 6% decrease in weight. An A1C level below 6.5 % was observed in 60% of our patients who came for a first follow-up visit and it correlated with weight loss. Given that 10% of our population gained weight due to poor adherence to the diet; A1C below 6.5 % was achieved in 50% of our 42 patients who lost between 0-5kg, and in 60% of those who lost between 5-10kg (48 patients), and in 63% of those who lost 10-15kg (19 patients), and in 100% of those who lost more than 15kg (4 patients). We observed in them significant decreases in FBS, cholesterol, LDL, TG, and SGPT. Of the 131 patients, 59 came for a second follow-up visit within 7.5 months and an even more significant weight loss was observed (92.0±2.6 vs. 83.8±2.0 Kg, p<0.001); equivalent to a 9 % decrease. An A1C level below 6.5 % was observed in 63% of patients who came for a second follow-up visit. Given that 14% of the 59 gained weight; A1C below 6.5 % was achieved in 42% of our 12 patients who lost between 0-5kg, and in 61% of those who lost between 5-10kg (19 patients), and in 57% of those who lost 10-15kg (8 patients), and in 90% of those who lost more than 15kg (11 patients). Antidiabetic agents were in general progressively decreased and adjusted to individual needs. At the end 27% were only on metformin. Conclusion: A LCNK diet is easy to prescribe and easily followed by T2D patients (no calorie restriction or counting). We recommend its use especially in the primary care setting because it brings diabetes under immediate control by lowering A1C levels below 6.5% in more than 60% of patients as shown by our results, as well as inducing significant weight loss.

THE EFFECTS OF LOW-CARBOHYDRATE VERSUS LOW-FAT DIETS IN OBESE/OVERWEIGHT ADULTS: ONE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF A RANDOMIZED TRIAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Maitri Hathi ◽  
Sudesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Aprevious paper reported the six month comparison of weight loss in overweight and/or obese adults randomly assigned to either a VLCK-diet or LF-diet. To review the one year outcomes between these diets 1year follow-up of a randomized trial on 113 overweight/obese adults with a BMI>25 kg/m2; with no abnormalities were randomly selected. Participants who selected VLCK diet received counseling to restrict carbohydrate intake to <30 gram per day and those who selected LF diet received counseling to restrict caloric intake by 500 calories per day with <30% of calories from fat. Changes in weight, Body Mass Index, Body Fat, and Waist Circumference were measured at intervals of rst, third, sixth and twelfth month of participants who completed the one-year follow-up. Participants on the very-low-carbohydrate diet had lost more weight loss than participants on the conventional low-fat diet at 3months, 6month and but the difference at 12months were signicant. Study conclude that participants on a VLCK-diet had more favorable overall outcomes at 1year than did those on a conventional LF-diet. Weight loss was similar between groups.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Serves a Predictable Outcome of Short-Term Low-Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) Intervention for Patients with Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susu Zhang ◽  
Peili Wu ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Bingdong Liu ◽  
Liujing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Loss Effect

Obesity and its related complications pose a serious threat to human health. Short-term low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) intervention without calorie restriction has a significant weight loss effect for overweight/obese people.

scholarly journals Alternate Day Fasting Combined with a Low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Sleep Quality, Duration, Insomnia Severity and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults with Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Eric Wiseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background: Alternate day fasting combined with a low carbohydrate diet (ADF-LC) is an effective weight loss regimen. Whether the weight loss induced by ADF-LC can improve sleep, remains unknown. Objective: This study examined the effect an ADF-LC diet on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity (n = 31) participated in ADF (600 kcal “fast day”; ad libitum intake “feast day”) with a low-carbohydrate diet (30% carbohydrates, 35% protein, and 35% fat). The 6-month trial consisted of a 3-month weight loss period followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. Results: Reductions in body weight (−5 ± 1 kg, p < 0.001) and fat mass (−4 ± 1 kg, p < 0.01) were noted during the weight loss period, and these reductions were sustained during the weight maintenance period. Lean mass and visceral fat remained unchanged. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score indicated poor sleep quality at baseline (6.4 ± 0.7) with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. ISI score indicated subthreshold insomnia at baseline (8.5 ± 1.0), with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. The percent of subjects with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea at baseline was 45%, with no change by month 3 or 6. Wake time, bedtime, and sleep duration remained unchanged. Conclusion: The ADF-LC diet does not impact sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

Preferred versus Nonpreferred Treatment, and Self-Control Training versus Determination Raising as Treatments of Obesity: A Pilot Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Overweight Women

Of 12 overweight women half received 10 wk. of self-control training and the rest received an equal period aimed at increasing determination to lose weight. Half of each treatment group had expressed a preference for the type of treatment they received and half for the other type of treatment. Both groups lost a statistically significant amount of weight, and at a 3-mo. follow-up there was still a significant weight loss. Follow-up at 6 mo. on 9 of the 12 original subjects indicated both groups regained much of their lost weight. There was no evidence that either type of treatment or receiving one's preferred type of treatment was related to weight loss.

Low carbohydrate diets in eating disorders and type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910452098077
Author(s):  
Melissa Hart ◽  
Kirrilly Pursey ◽  
Carmel Smart
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
The Impact

Dietary intake requires attention in the treatment of both eating disorders and type 1 diabetes (T1D) to achieve optimal outcomes. Nutritional management of both conditions involves encouraging a wide variety of healthful foods in the context of usual cultural and family traditions. In recent times, low carbohydrate diets have seen a rise in popularity, both in T1D and in the general population. Low carbohydrate diets involve dietary restriction, although the extent depends on the level of carbohydrate prescription. Although dietary restriction is a known risk factor for eating disorders, there is limited literature on the impact of following a low carbohydrate diet on the development and maintenance of eating disorders in T1D. The aim of this review is to discuss the impact of dietary restriction on the development and treatment of eating disorders and propose considerations to enable optimum health outcomes in individuals with T1D, an at risk group. In order to achieve this, clarity regarding strategies that allow both flexibility in dietary intake and facilitate healthy eating behaviours, whilst achieving glycaemic targets, are required.

scholarly journals Rapid Weight Loss, Central Obesity Improvement and Blood Glucose Reduction Are Associated with a Stronger Adaptive Immune Response Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Mikiko Watanabe ◽  
Angela Balena ◽  
Davide Masi ◽  
Rossella Tozzi ◽  
Renata Risi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Glucose Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Obesity is associated with a poor COVID-19 prognosis, and it seems associated with reduced humoral response to vaccination. Public health campaigns have advocated for weight loss in subjects with obesity, hoping to eliminate this risk. However, no evidence proves that weight loss leads to a better prognosis or a stronger immune response to vaccination. We aimed to investigate the impact of rapid weight loss on the adaptive immune response in subjects with morbid obesity. Twenty-one patients followed a hypocaloric, very-low-carbohydrate diet one week before to one week after the two mRNA vaccine doses. The diet’s safety and efficacy were assessed, and the adaptive humoral (anti-SARS CoV-2 S antibodies, Abs) and cell-mediated responses (IFNγ secretion on stimulation with two different SARS CoV-2 peptide mixes, IFNγ-1 and IFNγ-2) were evaluated. The patients lost ~10% of their body weight with metabolic improvement. A high baseline BMI correlated with a poor immune response (R −0.558, p = 0.013 for IFNγ-1; R −0.581, p = 0.009 for IFNγ-2; R −0.512, p = 0.018 for Abs). Furthermore, there was a correlation between weight loss and higher IFNγ-2 (R 0.471, p = 0.042), and between blood glucose reduction and higher IFNγ-1 (R 0.534, p = 0.019), maintained after weight loss and waist circumference reduction adjustment. Urate reduction correlated with higher Abs (R 0.552, p = 0.033). In conclusion, obesity is associated with a reduced adaptive response to a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, and weight loss and metabolic improvement may reverse the effect.

scholarly journals A Randomised Crossover Trial: Exploring the Dose-Response effect Of Carbohydrate restriction on glycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes (D-ROC2)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebaa Al ozairi ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Ghani ◽  
Nick Oliver ◽  
Brandon Whitcher ◽  
Reem Al Awadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Carbohydrate Restriction ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The role of carbohydrate restriction in the management of glycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been a subject of immense debate and controversy partly due to low-carbohydrate trials being confounded by multiple factors including degree of calorie restriction, dietary protein content, and by no clear definition of a low-carbohydrate diet. The current study sought to provide insight into the relationship between carbohydrate restriction and glycemia by testing the effect of varying doses of carbohydrate on continuous glucose concentrations within a range of intakes defined as low-carbohydrate while controlling for confounding factors. This was a randomised crossover trial in participants with T2D testing 5 different 6-day eucaloric, isocaloric dietary treatments with varying carbohydrate contents (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% kcal). Diets were kept isocaloric by exchanging %kcal from carbohydrate with predominantly unsaturated fat, keeping protein constant at 15% kcal. Daily self-weighing was employed to ensure participants maintained their weight throughout each treatment arm. Between dietary treatments, participants underwent a washout period of at least 7 days and were advised to maintain their habitual diet. Glycemic control was assessed using a continuous glucose monitoring device that was placed while the participant was on their normal diet, and was worn for the 6 days of each treatment. 12 participants completed the study. There were no differences in 24-hour and postprandial sensor glucose concentrations between the 30%kcal and 10%kcal doses (7.4 +/- 1.1mmol/L vs 7.6 +/- 1.4mmol/L (P=0.28) and 8.0 +/- 1.4mmol/L vs 8.3 +/- 1.3mmol/L (P=0.28) respectively). In our exploratory analyses we did not find any dose-response relationship between carbohydrate intake and glyaemia. A small amount of weight loss occurred in each treatment arm (range: 0.4 to 1.1kg over the 6 days) but adjusting for these differences did not influence the primary or secondary outcomes. Modest changes in dietary carbohydrate content in the absence of weight loss while keeping dietary protein intake constant do not appear to influence glucose concentrations in people with T2D.

Abstract P072: Low-Carbohydrate-Diets and Cardiovascular and Total Mortality in Japanese. A 29-year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA80

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nakamura ◽  
Nagako Okuda ◽  
Tomonori Okamura ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Naoko Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Model ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Long-term safety of low-carbohydrate-diets in Asian populations, whose carbohydrate intake is relatively high, is not known. Methods: We examined the association of low-carbohydrate-diets with CVD and total mortality using the National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Noncommunicable Disease and Its Trends in the Aged, (NIPPON DATA80) database with a 29-year follow-up. At the baseline in 1980, data were collected on study participants ages≥30 years from randomly selected areas in Japan. We calculated low-carbohydrate-diet scores based on the percentage of energy as carbohydrate, fat, and protein, estimated by 3-day weighed food records. We followed 9,200 participants (56% women, mean age 51 y). Results: During the follow-up, there were 1,171 CVD deaths (52% in women), and 3,443 total deaths (48% in women). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CVD mortality using the Cox model comparing highest versus lowest deciles for a low-carbohydrate-diet score was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-0.92, trend P=0.019) for women; 0.74 (95% CI: 0.55-0.99, trend P=0.033) for women and men combined; HR for total mortality was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57-0.93, trend P=0.020) for women; 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.99, trend P=0.030) for women and men combined. None of the associations in men alone were statistically significant. We did not note any differential effects between animal and plant based low-carbohydrate-diets. Conclusions: Moderate diets lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and fat were significantly inversely associated with CVD and total mortality in women, and women and men combined.

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