Parental family history of dementia in relation to subclinical brain disease and dementia risk

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (17) ◽  
pp. 1642-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Wolters ◽  
Sven J. van der Lee ◽  
Peter J. Koudstaal ◽  
Cornelia M. van Duijn ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parental Family

Objective:To determine the association of parental family history with risk of dementia by age at onset and sex of affected parent in a population-based cohort.Methods:From 2000 to 2002, we assessed parental history of dementia in participants without dementia of the Rotterdam Study. We investigated associations of parental history with risk of dementia until 2015, adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and known genetic risk variants. Furthermore, we determined the association between parental history and markers of neurodegeneration and vascular disease on MRI.Results:Of 2,087 participants (mean age 64 years, 55% female), 407 (19.6%) reported a history of dementia in either parent (mean age at diagnosis 79 years). During a mean follow-up of 12.2 years, 142 participants developed dementia. Parental history was associated with risk of dementia independently of known genetic risk factors (hazard ratio [HR] 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–2.48), in particular when parents were diagnosed at younger age (<80 years: HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.61–4.15; ≥80 years: HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.58–1.77). Accordingly, age at diagnosis in probands was highly correlated with age at diagnosis in their parents <80 years (r = 0.57, p = 0.001) but not thereafter (r = 0.17, p = 0.55). Among 1,161 participants without dementia with brain MRI, parental history was related to lower cerebral perfusion and higher burden of white matter lesions and microbleeds. Dementia risk and MRI markers were similar for paternal and maternal history.Conclusions:Parental history of dementia increases risk of dementia, primarily when age at parental diagnosis is <80 years. Unexplained heredity may be attributed in part to cerebral hypoperfusion and small vessel disease. We found no evidence of preferential maternal compared to paternal transmission.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s disease determinants, prediction and gene–environment interactions in the UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Meir Jacobs ◽  
Daniel Belete ◽  
Jonathan Bestwick ◽  
Cornelis Blauwendraat ◽  
Sara Bandres-Ciga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo systematically investigate the association of environmental risk factors and prodromal features with incident Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis and the interaction of genetic risk with these factors. To evaluate whether existing risk prediction algorithms are improved by the inclusion of genetic risk scores.MethodsWe identified individuals with an incident diagnosis of PD (n=1276) and controls (n=500 406) in UK Biobank. We determined the association of risk factors with incident PD using adjusted logistic regression models. We constructed polygenic risk scores (PRSs) using external weights and selected the best PRS from a subset of the cohort (30%). The PRS was used in a separate testing set (70%) to examine gene–environment interactions and compare predictive models for PD.ResultsStrong evidence of association (false discovery rate <0.05) was found between PD and a positive family history of PD, a positive family history of dementia, non-smoking, low alcohol consumption, depression, daytime somnolence, epilepsy and earlier menarche. Individuals with the highest 10% of PRSs had increased risk of PD (OR 3.37, 95% CI 2.41 to 4.70) compared with the lowest risk decile. A higher PRS was associated with earlier age at PD diagnosis and inclusion of the PRS in the PREDICT-PD algorithm led to a modest improvement in model performance. We found evidence of an interaction between the PRS and diabetes.InterpretationHere, we used UK Biobank data to reproduce several well-known associations with PD, to demonstrate the validity of a PRS and to demonstrate a novel gene–environment interaction, whereby the effect of diabetes on PD risk appears to depend on background genetic risk for PD.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic risk factors associated with febrile seizures at Puducherry: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Gobinaath . ◽  
Arun Daniel J.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors

Background: Febrile seizures occur commonly in the under 5 age group and is associated with few risk factors causing its recurrence like very high fever, family history of seizures, low sodium levels and younger age of onset which are subject to seasonal and wide geographical variations. This study aimed at detecting the major risk factors associated with recurrent febrile seizures in an Indian population.Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted among a total of 300 cases aged 6 months to 5 years attending to the paediatric OPD with history of fever followed by febrile seizures. Information regarding socio-demographic and clinical variables associated with febrile seizure was collected and analyzed.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 25.6±2.2 months and majority (60%) were males. Family history of seizures was present in 25.3% (n=76) of the children with febrile seizures. Respiratory infections (73.3%) and gastroenteritis (17%) were the major infective reasons associated with the occurrence of febrile seizures followed by pneumonia (6.3%) and urinary tract infections (5%). Recurrence of FS was significantly higher among the children with family history of FS (p=0.009), age at onset lesser (p<0.001) and simple FS seizures.Conclusions: Younger age at onset and positive family history of seizures were important socio-demographic risk factors associated with recurrent febrile seizures.

scholarly journals Association between dementia parental family history and mid-life modifiable risk factors for dementia: a cross-sectional study using propensity score matching within the Lifelines cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e049918
Author(s):  
Joyce Vrijsen ◽  
Ameen Abu-Hanna ◽  
Sophia E de Rooij ◽  
Nynke Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Parental Family

ObjectiveIndividuals with a parental family history (PFH) of dementia have an increased risk to develop dementia, regardless of genetic risks. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between a PFH of dementia and currently known modifiable risk factors for dementia among middle-aged individuals using propensity score matching (PSM).DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsA subsample of Lifelines (35–65 years), a prospective population-based cohort study in the Netherlands was used.Outcome measuresFourteen modifiable risk factors for dementia and the overall Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) score, indicating someone’s potential for dementia risk reduction (DRR).ResultsThe study population included 89 869 participants of which 10 940 (12.2%) had a PFH of dementia (mean (SD) age=52.95 (7.2)) and 36 389 (40.5%) without a PFH of dementia (mean (SD) age=43.19 (5.5)). Of 42 540 participants (47.3%), PFH of dementia was imputed. After PSM, potential confounding variables were balanced between individuals with and without PFH of dementia. Individuals with a PFH of dementia had more often hypertension (OR=1.19; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.24), high cholesterol (OR=1.24; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.30), diabetes (OR=1.26; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.42), cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.49; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.88), depression (OR=1.23; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.41), obesity (OR=1.14; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.20) and overweight (OR=1.10; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.17), and were more often current smokers (OR=1.20; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.27) and ex-smokers (OR=1.21; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27). However, they were less often low/moderate alcohol consumers (OR=0.87; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.91), excessive alcohol consumers (OR=0.93; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98), socially inactive (OR=0.84; 95% CI 0.78 to 0.90) and physically inactive (OR=0.93; 95% CI 0.91 to 0.97). Having a PFH of dementia resulted in a higher LIBRA score (RC=0.15; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.19).ConclusionWe found that having a PFH of dementia was associated with several modifiable risk factors. This suggests that middle-aged individuals with a PFH of dementia are a group at risk and could benefit from DRR. Further research should explore their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards DRR, and whether they are willing to assess their risk and change their lifestyle to reduce dementia risk.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma in School Going Children in South India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Chankaramangalam Mathew ◽  
TG Prince ◽  
R Remees ◽  
N Saravanapandian ◽  
S Ramalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poor Ventilation

Background In India, the prevalence of asthma has increased over the last two decades especially in children and young adults. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of asthma in school going children aged 5-10 and 11-15 years in the city of Coimbatore and determine the risk factors associated with it. Materials and methods A school based cross-sectional study was conducted at the urban field practice area of PSGIMSR, Coimbatore between 1st June 2011 and 31st August 2011.  The questionnaire was filled by the parents and collected from the children. The data were analyzed using SPSS (11.5version). Results The prevalence of asthma among children aged 5-10 years was 9.5% (95%  Confidence Interval (CI) 7.49 – 11.50) and among children aged 11-15 years was 7.27% (95% CI 5.40 – 9.14). The Risk factors significantly associated with asthma among children aged 5-10 years were positive family history of asthma (Odds Ratio (OR)=3.10, 95% CI 1.80 - 5.36), longer duration of time spent in front of television and computer (OR=2.75, 95% CI 1.44 - 5.25), having food allergies (OR=2.36, 95% CI 1.19 - 4.68), and low birth weight of the child (OR=1.79, 95% CI 1.08 - 2.98). The factors significantly associated with asthma among children aged 11-15 years were positive family history of asthma (OR=2.99, 95% CI 1.34 - 6.64), poor ventilation (OR= 4.94, 95% CI 2.72 – 8.93), and use of pillows made up of wool, foam or synthetic material (OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.31 - 5.58). Conclusion Our data suggests that there is a high prevalence of asthma among school going children in Coimbatore. Parental history of asthma was a risk factor in both age groups studied. Television viewing for more than 2 hours, low birth weight and food allergy are additional risk factors for children aged 5-10 years. Poor ventilation and use of pillows made up of wool/ foam/ synthetic material are other risk factors in 11-15 years old children. Appropriate preventive strategies may help reduce the risk of asthma. Children with low birth weight and a family history of asthma need careful evaluation and long term follow up.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v2i1.6378 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2012;2 (1):171-178 

scholarly journals Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards dementia risk assessment and reduction among individuals with a parental family history of dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Vrijsen ◽  
Els Maeckelberghe ◽  
Jeroen de Vries ◽  
Ameen Abu‐Hanna ◽  
Peter Paul De Deyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Family History ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parental Family ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Genetic contribution to variation in atherothrombotic phenotypes in the Asian Indian population

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (08) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natesha Khadrinarasimhaih ◽  
Saikat Kanjilal ◽  
Manjari Mukerjee ◽  
Vijay Kakkar ◽  
Veena Rao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Pair Correlations ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family Based

SummaryCoronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial disease, and family history is the best available tool to assess gene-environment interaction. This study addressed the heritability of quantitative traits, namely lipid, coagulation/fibrinolysis and pro-inflammatory markers in the ongoing family-based Indian Atherosclerosis Research Study and assessed the effect of the type/lineage of CAD family history on inheritance patterns in the highrisk Indian population. A total of 518 families comprising 2,305 individuals were recruited in phase I of the IARS; of these, 1,195 individuals from 220 families were included in the heritability analysis. With the exception of leptin, all phenotypes exhibited significant age- and sex-adjusted heritability (p<0.0001). Amongst all the phenotypes analysed after adjustment for confounding factors, the significantly higher heritability estimates of triglycerides (0.53, p<0.0001), lipoprotein (a) (0.83, p<0.0001) and interleukin-6 (0.46, p<0.0001) with low spouse pair correlations identifies them as possible CAD risk factors. Families with parental history of CAD had onset of CAD symptoms at much younger ages with significantly higher heritability of proinflammatory markers, whereas in families with sibling history of CAD, more risk factors were present at significantly higher levels. Triglycerides, lipoprotein (a) and interleukin-6 appear to be promising atherothrombotic candidate phenotypes in this population. Genes controlling these phenotypes are possible candidate genes linked with CAD. An informed understanding and incorporation of ‘family history’ as a screening tool may help in the prevention and pre-emption of CAD.

scholarly journals Examining sex differences in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric genetic risk in anxiety and depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Martin ◽  
Kimiya Asjadi ◽  
Leon Hubbard ◽  
Kimberley Kendall ◽  
Antonio F. Pardiñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rare Cnvs ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
History Of

AbstractAnxiety and depression are common mental health disorders and have a higher prevalence in females. They are modestly heritable, share genetic liability with other psychiatric disorders, and are highly heterogeneous. There is evidence that genetic liability to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with anxiety and depression, particularly in females. We investigated sex differences in family history for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and neurodevelopmental genetic risk burden (indexed by ADHD polygenic risk scores (PRS) and rare copy number variants; CNVs) in individuals with anxiety and depression, also taking into account age at onset.We used two complementary datasets: 1) participants with a self-reported diagnosis of anxiety or depression (N=4,178, 65.5% female; mean age=41.5 years; N=1,315 with genetic data) from the National Centre for Mental Health (NCMH) cohort and 2) a clinical sample of 13,273 (67.6% female; mean age=45.2 years) patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). We tested for sex differences in family history of psychiatric problems and presence of rare CNVs (neurodevelopmental and >500kb loci) in NCMH only and for sex differences in ADHD PRS in both datasets.In the NCMH cohort, females were more likely to report family history of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, but there were no robust sex differences in ADHD PRS or presence of rare CNVs. There was weak evidence of higher ADHD PRS in females compared to males in the PGC MDD sample, particularly in those with an early onset of MDD.These results do not provide strong evidence of sex differences in neurodevelopmental genetic risk burden in adults with anxiety and depression. This indicates that sex may not be a major index of neurodevelopmental genetic heterogeneity, that is captured by ADHD PRS and rare CNV burden, in adults with anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals Sibling history is associated with heart failure after a first myocardial infarction

Open Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001143
Author(s):  
Charlotte Glinge ◽  
Louise Oestergaard ◽  
Reza Jabbari ◽  
Sara Rossetti ◽  
Regitze Skals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parental Family ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction

ObjectiveMorbidity and mortality due to heart failure (HF) as a complication of myocardial infarction (MI) is high, and remains among the leading causes of death and hospitalisation. This study investigated the association between family history of MI with or without HF, and the risk of developing HF after first MI.MethodsThrough nationwide registries, we identified all individuals aged 18–50 years hospitalised with first MI from 1997 to 2016 in Denmark. We identified 13 810 patients with MI, and the cohort was followed until HF diagnosis, second MI, 3 years after index MI, emigration, death or the end of 2016, whichever occurred first. HRs were estimated by Cox hazard regression models adjusted for sex, age, calendar year and comorbidities (reference: patients with no family history of MI).ResultsAfter adjustment, we observed an increased risk of MI-induced HF for those having a sibling with MI with HF (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.02 to 4.12). Those having a sibling with MI without HF also had a significant, but lower increased risk of HF (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.84). Parental history of MI with or without HF was not associated with HF.ConclusionIn this nationwide cohort, sibling history of MI with or without HF was associated with increased risk of HF after first MI, while a parental family history was not, suggesting that shared environmental factors may predominate in the determination of risk for developing HF.

scholarly journals Examining sex differences in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric genetic risk in anxiety and depression

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0248254
Author(s):  
Joanna Martin ◽  
Kimiya Asjadi ◽  
Leon Hubbard ◽  
Kimberley Kendall ◽  
Antonio F. Pardiñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Rare Cnvs ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
History Of

Anxiety and depression are common mental health disorders and have a higher prevalence in females. They are modestly heritable, share genetic liability with other psychiatric disorders, and are highly heterogeneous. There is evidence that genetic liability to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with anxiety and depression, particularly in females. We investigated sex differences in family history for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and neurodevelopmental genetic risk burden (indexed by ADHD polygenic risk scores (PRS) and rare copy number variants; CNVs) in individuals with anxiety and depression, also taking into account age at onset. We used two complementary datasets: 1) participants with a self-reported diagnosis of anxiety or depression (N = 4,178, 65.5% female; mean age = 41.5 years; N = 1,315 with genetic data) from the National Centre for Mental Health (NCMH) cohort and 2) a clinical sample of 13,273 (67.6% female; mean age = 45.2 years) patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). We tested for sex differences in family history of psychiatric problems and presence of rare CNVs (neurodevelopmental and >500kb loci) in NCMH only and for sex differences in ADHD PRS in both datasets. In the NCMH cohort, females were more likely to report family history of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, but there were no robust sex differences in ADHD PRS or presence of rare CNVs. There was weak evidence of higher ADHD PRS in females compared to males in the PGC MDD sample, particularly in those with an early onset of MDD. These results do not provide strong evidence of sex differences in neurodevelopmental genetic risk burden in adults with anxiety and depression. This indicates that sex may not be a major index of neurodevelopmental genetic heterogeneity, that is captured by ADHD PRS and rare CNV burden, in adults with anxiety and depression.

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