Assessment of Stroke Risk Factors in Young Adults at Different Ages: A One-Year Case-Control Study (P01.008)

Abstract Background Globally, rates of ischemic stroke (IS) have been rising among young adults. This study was designed to identify risk factors associated with IS incidence in young adults unaffected by hypertension or diabetes. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study of early-onset IS patients without diabetes and hypertension. Control patients were matched with healthy individuals based upon sex, age (±2 years), and BMI (±3 kg/m2) at a 1:3 ratio. Sociodemographic, clinical, and risk factor-related data pertaining to these patients was collected. The association between these risk factors and IS incidence was then assessed using conditional logistic regression models. Results We recruited 60 IS patients and 180 controls with mean ages of 44.37 ± 4.68 and 44.31 ± 4.71 years, respectively, for this study. Relative to controls, IS patients had significantly higher total cholesterol (TG), homocysteine (HCY), white blood cell (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels, and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride cholesterol (TC), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels (all P < 0.05). After controlling for potential confounding factors, HCY and ANC were found to be significantly positively associated with IS incidence (OR 1.518, 95%CI 1.165–1.977, P = 0.002 and OR 2.418, 95%CI 1.061–5.511, P = 0.036, respectively), whereas HDL-C and FT3 levels were negatively correlated with IS incidence (OR 0.001, 95%CI 0.000–0.083, P = 0.003 and OR 0.053, 95%CI 0.008–0.326, P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions In young non-diabetic and non-hypertensive patients, lower HDL-C and FT3 levels and higher HCY and ANC levels may be associated with an elevated risk of IS. Additional prospective studies of large patient cohorts will be essential to validate these findings.

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346. Factors Associated with Hypertension in Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV Infection: a Case–Control Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S184-S184

Author(s):

Patrick O’Neil ◽

Patrick Ryscavage ◽

Kristen A Stafford

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Family History ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Systemic Hypertension ◽

Early Management ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background The incidence of systemic hypertension (HTN) among perinatally-HIV-infected (PHIV) patients appears to increase as they enter adulthood. Among non-perinatally HIV-infected adults both traditional and HIV-associated risk factors have been found to contribute to HTN. Whether these same factors contribute to HTN in PHIV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with HTN among a cohort of PHIV adolescents and young adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods We conducted a case–control study among a population of 160 PHIV adults with and without HTN who were receiving care at the University of Maryland and aged 18–35 years as of December 31, 2017. Covariates assessed included traditional risk factors such as age, family history of HTN, and smoking, as well as HIV- and antiretroviral-associated covariates. Results We identified 49 HTN cases (30.6%) and 111 (69.4%) controls. There were no significant differences in the odds of most traditional (age, gender, race, family history of HTN, tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drug use) or HIV-associated (CD4 nadir <100 cells/mm3, individual ART exposure, ART interruption) risk factors among PHIV adults with HTN compared with those with no diagnosis of HTN. Cases had lower odds of a history of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Cases had 3.7 (95% CI 1.11, 12.56) times the odds of a prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with controls after controlling for CD4 nadir and ARV treatment history. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having HTN in this PHIV cohort. However, HTN among PHIV may be driven in part by CKD, and a focus on the prevention and early management of CKD in this group may be necessary to prevent the development of HTN. Additionally, there may be as yet unidentified risk factors for HTN among PHIV which require further exploration. Given the large and growing population of PHIV entering adulthood worldwide, it is imperative to explore risk factors for and effects of HTN in large, diverse PHIV populations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Disease History and Medication Use as Risk Factors for the Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Young Adults: An Explorative Case Control Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0087408 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e87408 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Soulmaz Fazeli Farsani ◽

Patrick C. Souverein ◽

Marja M. J. van der Vorst ◽

Aukje K. Mantel-Teeuwisse ◽

Catherijne A. J. Knibbe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Young Adults ◽

Clinical Manifestation ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Medication Use ◽

Case Control ◽

Children And Young Adults ◽

Control Study

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Assessing risk factors for hypertension in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection: A case–control study

HIV Medicine ◽

10.1111/hiv.13199 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick J. O’Neil ◽

Kristen A. Stafford ◽

Patrick A. Ryscavage

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Perinatally Acquired ◽

Control Study

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Comparison of the one-year outcomes of bariatric surgery in adolescents and young adults: a matched case–control study, Tehran Obesity Treatment Study (TOTS)

Surgery Today ◽

10.1007/s00595-021-02281-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shayan Aryannezhad ◽

Farhad Hosseinpanah ◽

Alireza Khalaj ◽

Maryam Mahdavi ◽

Majid Valizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Young Adults ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Matched Case ◽

One Year ◽

The One ◽

Matched Case Control Study ◽

Control Study

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Risk Factors for Acute Hemorrhagic Rectal Ulcer Syndrome and Its Prognosis: A Density Case-Control Study

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2018/8179890 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Toshihiko Komai ◽

Fumio Omata ◽

Yasutoshi Shiratori ◽

Daiki Kobayashi ◽

Hiroko Arioka

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Drug Use ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Rectal Bleeding ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Rectal Ulcer ◽

Antithrombotic Drug ◽

One Year ◽

Control Study

Acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer syndrome (AHRUS) can cause fatal gastrointestinal bleeding. However, there have been few epidemiological studies investigating risk factors of AHRUS. To determine the risk factors and predict one-year survival after onset of AHRUS, we conducted a retrospective density case-control study in a tertiary referral hospital. Patients with hematochezia, bloody stool, and rectal ulcer confirmed by colonoscopy between 2003 and 2011 were diagnosed as AHRUS (n=38). Patients with malignancies, infectious colitis, ulcerative colitis, or solitary rectal ulcer syndrome were excluded. Control subjects (n=123) without rectal ulcer were selected by risk set sampling for each AHRUS. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the significant adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of hospitalization, antithrombotic drug use, and one gram increase of serum albumin was 15.7 (2.25–108.9), 12.1 (1.53–94.4), and 0.11 (0.02–0.52), respectively. Endoscopic hemostasis for rectal bleeding was performed in 8 cases (21%). Seventeen percent of patients died within one year after the episode of AHRUS from non-AHRUS causes. This study revealed that hospitalization, antithrombotic drug use, and lower serum albumin value were significant risk factors for AHRUS, and that AHRUS was an unfavorable prognostic condition. This information could be helpful in recognizing high-risk patients of rectal bleeding and applying preventive measures.

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