scholarly journals Votive Exopraxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-275
Author(s):  
Benoît Fliche ◽  
Manoël Pénicaud
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Landscape ◽  
Votive Offerings

Twice a year, the Greek Orthodox Monastery of St. George on the island of Büyükada, off the coast of Istanbul, attracts tens of thousands of Muslim pilgrims who come to make heterogenous and inventive votive offerings. Since these visitors are not Christians, their behavior is a form of exopraxis, which is the subject of the issue of Common Knowledge in which this contribution appears. Due to its scope and dynamism, this shared pilgrimage is perhaps the most important in the contemporary religious landscape of the Middle East, but it is part of a broader ecology that includes many mausoleums of Muslim saints and other Muslim holy places visited by Christians. The rationale and logic of such exopraxes is wild hope (in the Lévi-Straussian sense of wild). Pilgrims from one religious community travel to the sacred place of another not so much for communication or contact with its patron saint—the Muslim pilgrims to Büyükada pray for help to Allah, not to St. George or Jesus—as they travel to be in a place of hope at a time of personal need. This article analyzes how the proliferation of these votive exopraxes indicates both the tenuousness of the distinction between monotheist religions and their need of each other.

Amâlî (Imla) As Arabic Writing Technique

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Dicky Rachmat Pauji
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The Subject

Amâlî (Imla) is a methodology used in studying Arabic language and literature that has a very wide scope. Amâlî (Imla) itself can be translated as: to dictate, to add, to fill in and etc. Amâlî (Imla) may also be interpreted further by the following narration: A teacher (ustadz) comes to a place like a mosque, an Islamic school or any learning space in general. In the process of teaching and learning, all that are spoken by the teacher is written down by the students on pieces of paper they had prepared earlier then be compiled into a book which will be preserved. This paper presents a brief summary of Amâlî (Imla) as a methodology which is discussed in many Amâlî (Imla) related literature works written from the beginning of 7th century until the 14th century. The subject Amâlî (Imla) is written in exceedingly diverse manner, unique to each of numerous known authors. This paper also discusses about various meaning of the word Amâlî (Imla) that has been interpreted differently among authors. In addition, the method of separating chapters and other minor distinct writing style that each of various groups of Amâlî (Imla) authors had developed was presented in this work. And lastly, this paper discusses the fact that Amâlî (Imla) related textbook authors were not only originated from the Middle East, but also from regions such as Iran (Huzistan) and Andalusia

Nazi Germany and the Karaites in 1938–1944: between racial theory andRealpolitik

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiril Feferman
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Special Relationship ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Jewish Origin ◽  
Racial Origin ◽  
Jewish Ancestry ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

This article explores the policies of Nazi Germany towards the Karaites, a group of Jewish ancestry which emerged during the seventh to the ninth centuries CE, when its followers rejected the mainstream Jewish interpretation of Tanakh. Karaite communities flourished in Persia, Turkey, Egypt, Crimea, and Lithuania. From 1938 to 1944, the Nazi bureaucracy and scholarship examined the question of whether the Karaites were of Jewish origin, practiced Judaism and had to be treated as Jews. Because of its proximity to Judenpolitik and later to the Muslim factor, the subject got drawn into the world of Nazi grand policy and became the instrument of internecine power struggles between various agencies in Berlin. The Muslim factor in this context is construed as German cultivation of a special relationship with the Muslim world with an eye to political dividends in the Middle East and elsewhere. Nazi views of the Karaites’ racial origin and religion played a major role in their policy towards the group. However, as the tides of the war turned against the Germans, various Nazi agencies demonstrated growing flexibility either to re-tailor the Karaites’ racial credentials or to entirely gloss over them in the name of “national interests,” i.e. a euphemism used to disguise Nazi Germany's overtures to the Muslim world.

Relations between the Russian Empire and the Orthodox Church of the East as Exemplified in the Collection of Greek Engravings of The Church Archaeological Museum at the Moscow Theological Academy

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Анна Леонидовна Краснова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Of The East ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

В XVIII в. на основании общего интереса к святыням Востока, а также единой тенденции для крупных монастырей изготавливать гравюры на память для паломников, многие греческие гравюры свидетели русско-афонских отношений попадают на территорию Российской Империи. Сохранились такие гравюры и в Церковноархеологического кабинете Московской духовной академии, собрание которых насчитывает 29 эстампов. Пять гравюр из этого собрания имеют надписи на греческом и на славянском языке. Надписи свидетельствуют о месте и времени создания гравюры, о граверах и заказчиках, являются источниками кратких исторических сведений. В статье приведены выявленные дополнительные факты об этих гравюрах, которые свидетельствуют о наличии церковных, экономических и политических отношений на базе культурных связей между Российской Империей и странами православного Востока. The Russ has always been supporting the relationship with the Orthodox Church of the East. As a result of these connections, we have a lot of icons and other gifts from The Mount Athos, The Saint Catherine’s Monastery and others holy places. There are five Greek engravings in the collection of The Museum of Church Archaeology at the Moscow Theological Academy, which have inscriptions in Greek and Slavic. These engravings were to be spread in Slavic countries. They are dated from the 17th to the 19th century. Some of them were made in Moscow. The images and the inscriptions of the engravings are the subject of a research presented in this article.

Synagogue as Infrastructure in Everyday Life of Batumi Jewish Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Nino Abakelia
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
And Function

Abstract The subject under scrutiny is Sephardic and Ashkenazi synagogues in Batumi (the Black Sea Region of Georgia) that reveal both universal and culturally specific forms. The paper is based on ethnographic data gathered during fieldwork in Batumi, in 2019, and on the theoretical postulates of anthropology of infrastructure. The article argues that the Batumi synagogues could be viewed and understood as ‘infrastructure’ in their own right, as they serve as objects through which other objects, people, and ideas operate and function as a system. The paper attempts to demonstrate how the sacred edifices change their trajectory according to modern conditions and how the sacred place is inserted and coexists inside a network of touristic infrastructure.

scholarly journals The Holy Place as a Subject for the Study of the Geography of Religion

2006 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Henryk Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geography Of Religion ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Statistical Issues ◽  
The One ◽  
Holy Place

The geography of religion is one of the younger (but dynamically developing) areas of religious studies. The subject of her interests is the reciprocal ties that stand between religion and the geographical environment. On the one hand, the influence of the geographical environment on the formation of religious imaginations is investigated, and on the other hand, feedback, that is, what kind of religion does the change in the geographical environment. In addition, this area of ​​religious studies is engaged in the distribution (or reduction) of individual religions, demographic and statistical issues, as well as analysis of the topography of holy places (hierotopografia), problems of religious migration (including religious refugee), pilgrimage, missions, religious tourism, etc.

scholarly journals Mathematical-geographical intention in orienting mediaeval churches of the Serbian monastery Gradac

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Milutin Tadic ◽  
Aleksandar Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Mary ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Exact Analysis ◽  
John The Baptist ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

The subject of the paper is an exact analysis of the orientation of the Serbian monastery churches: the Church of the Virgin Mary (13th century), St. Nicholas' Church (13th century), and an early Christian church (6th century). The paper determines the azimuth of parallel axes in churches, and then the aberrations of those axes from the equinoctial east are interpreted. Under assumption that the axes were directed towards the rising sun, it was surmised that the early Christian church's patron saint could be St. John the Baptist, that the Church of the Virgin Mary was founded on Annunciation day to which it is dedicated, and that St. Nicholas' Church is oriented in accordance with the rule (?toward the sunrise?) even though its axis deviates from the equinoctial east by 41? degrees.

Inorganic Substances with Rubber-like Properties

1936 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-425
Author(s):  
Kurt H. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Elementary Cell ◽  
Double Refraction ◽  
Special Position ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Elastic Form ◽  
Very High ◽  
Long Chains

Abstract Two inorganic substances with elasticity similar to that of rubber are described in the literature of the subject, viz., elastic sulfur and polyphosphonitrilic chloride. In this paper we shall deal with investigations of both. It is common knowledge that sulfur heated to 170° becomes highly viscous; if then cooled, e. g., by plunging into water, it yields an amorphous elastic product. If threads of this amorphous product are stretched, they show a double refraction, and, as Trilat has found, develop a fiber-diagram. With Go the author has examined this diagram, and deduced from it the following arrangement of the sulfur atoms: long chains of sulfur atoms, linked by strong homeopolar valences, are arranged parallel to the direction of stretching. Their special position in the elementary cell is shown in Fig. 1. In a recent publication, Warren has made it clear that ordinary sulfur is made up of 8-atom rings. The molecular weight of the elastic form Sn is not known, but seems to be very high. We know from earlier work that the melting of sulfur produces an equilibrium between the two forms, and this shifts, at higher temperatures, in favor of the chain-sulfur. About 1000 calories per gram atom S are consumed in the transformation of S8 into Sn.

Civic Cults between Continuity and Change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Religious Community ◽  
Social Response ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Sacred Landscape ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New City ◽  
Religious Landscape

This chapter considers the important role of the polis as a religious community. Reconstructing cultic continuities and changes reveals aspects of social response to the rupture and discontinuity posed by population movement, settlement shift, and political change. The epigraphic, literary, and archaeological evidence allows us to piece together important indications of how traditional cultic and religious identities intersected with innovation. The chapter first maps the changing religious landscape of regions before and after urban mergers and considers how and why particular cults survived or died out and what this meant for the community that resulted. It then shows the ways in which central sanctuaries and civic cults served as focal points for integrating the discrete citizen groups into the polis, and the ways in which the traditional sacred landscape was simultaneously respected and replicated in the center of the new city. Finally, it examines the ways in which these synoikized communities—and, at times, their original constitutive parts—participated in religious and theoric networks such as koina and Panhellenic festivals.

Introduction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira K. Bennison
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Legitimation ◽  
Two Sides

This chapter provides an introduction to the theme of political legitimacy in the medieval Islamic Maghrib and al-Andalus. It reviews previous historiographical approaches to the subject and considers the Arabic sources for the period, arguing for the importance of considering the two sides of the straits of Gibraltar as a single cultural zone. It then looks at political legitimacy in the Islamic Middle East and North Africa in general before tracing the evolution of particular themes in the Maghrib and al-Andalus up to the period covered by the volume. It ends with a brief review of the other chapters in the volume and their multi-disciplinary contribution to understandings of political legitimation in the region.

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