scholarly journals An evolutionarily conserved NIMA-related kinase directs rhizoid tip growth in the basal land plant Marchantia polymorpha

Development ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. dev154617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kento Otani ◽  
Kimitsune Ishizaki ◽  
Ryuichi Nishihama ◽  
Shogo Takatani ◽  
Takayuki Kohchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tip Growth ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

scholarly journals Plant SYP12 syntaxins mediate evolutionarily conserved general immunity to filamentous pathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Molinelli Rubiato ◽  
Richard J. O’Connell ◽  
Mads Eggert Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Polarized Secretion ◽  
Leaf Epidermal Cell ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Golgi Network ◽  
Immunity Function

AbstractMany filamentous fungal and oomycete plant pathogens invade by direct penetration through the leaf epidermal cell wall and cause devastating plant diseases. In response to attack, plants form evolutionarily conserved cell autonomous defense structures, named papillae and encasements, that are thought to block pathogen ingress. Previously, the syntaxin PEN1 in Arabidopsis, like its orthologue ROR2 in barley, was found to mediate pre-invasive immunity towards powdery mildew fungi, where it assures the timely formation of papilla defense structures. However, this powdery mildew-specific function of PEN1 in papilla timing, thought to take place at the trans-Golgi network, does not explain how plants generally ward off other filamentous pathogens. In the present study, we found that PEN1 has a second function, shared with its closest homologue SYP122, in the formation of papillae, as well as encasements. This second function provides pre-invasive immunity towards highly diverse non-adapted filamentous pathogens, underlining the versatility and efficacy of these defense structures. PEN1 and SYP122 belong to the broadly conserved land plant syntaxin clade SYP12, suggested to function in specialized forms of polarized secretion. In support of this, complementation studies using SYP12s from the basal plant, Marchantia polymorpha, showed that the SYP12 clade immunity function has survived 450 My of independent evolution. As saprophytic filamentous land fungi predate plant terrestrialization, we suggest ancestral land plants evolved the SYP12 clade to provide a durable immunity to facilitate their life on land.

scholarly journals An Evolutionarily Conserved Receptor-like Kinases Signaling Module Controls Cell Wall Integrity During Tip-Growth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Westermann ◽  
Susanna Streubel ◽  
Christina Maria Franck ◽  
Roswitha Lentz ◽  
Liam Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tip Growth ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Receptor Kinases ◽  
The Common ◽  
Encoding Genes

AbstractRooting cells and pollen tubes – key adaptative innovations that evolved during the colonization and subsequent radiation of plants on land – expand by tip-growth. Tip-growth relies on a tight coordination between the protoplast growth and the synthesis/remodeling of the external cell wall. In root hairs and pollen tubes of the seed plant Arabidopsis thaliana, cell wall integrity (CWI) mechanisms monitor this coordination through the Malectin-like receptor kinases (MLRs) such as AtANXUR1 and AtFERONIA that act upstream of the AtMARIS PTI1-like kinase. Here, we show that rhizoid growth in the early diverging plant, Marchantia polymorpha, is also controlled by an MLR and PTI1-like signaling module. Rhizoids, root hairs and pollen tubes respond similarly to disruption of MLR and PTI1-like encoding genes. Thus, the MLR/PTI1-like signaling module that controls CWI during tip-growth is conserved between M. polymorpha and A. thaliana suggesting it was active in the common ancestor of land plants.

scholarly journals An evolutionarily conserved mechanism for production of secondary meristems in land plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Yasui ◽  
Shigeyuki Tsukamoto ◽  
Tomomi Sugaya ◽  
Ryuichi Nishihama ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Myb Transcription Factor ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Land Plant Evolution ◽  
R2r3 Myb ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractA variety of plants in diverse taxa can reproduce asexually via vegetative propagation, in which clonal propagules with new meristem(s) are generated directly from vegetative organs. A basal land plant, Marchantia polymorpha, develops clonal propagules, gemmae, in a specialized receptacle, gemma cup. Here we report an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, designated GEMMA CUP-ASSOCIATED MYB 1 (GCAM1), which is an essential regulator of gemma cup development in M. polymorpha. Although gemma cups are a characteristic gametophyte organ for vegetative reproduction in a taxonomically restricted group of liverwort species, phylogenetic and interspecific complementation analyses supported the orthologous relationship of GCAM1 to regulatory factors for axillary meristem formation, e.g. Arabidopsis RAXs and tomato Blind, in angiosperm sporophytes. The present findings in M. polymorpha suggest an ancient acquisition of a regulatory mechanism for production of secondary meristems, and the use of the mechanism for diverse developmental programs during land plant evolution.

scholarly journals Peculiar Evolutionary History of miR390-Guided TAS3-Like Genes in Land Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Krasnikova ◽  
Denis V. Goryunov ◽  
Alexey V. Troitsky ◽  
Andrey G. Solovyev ◽  
Lydmila V. Ozerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
Specific Mrnas ◽  
Land Plant Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Profiling

PCR-based approach was used as a phylogenetic profiling tool to probe genomic DNA samples from representatives of evolutionary distant moss taxa, namely, classes Bryopsida, Tetraphidopsida, Polytrichopsida, Andreaeopsida, and Sphagnopsida. We found relatives of allPhyscomitrella patensmiR390 and TAS3-like loci in these plant taxa excluding Sphagnopsida. Importantly, cloning and sequencing ofMarchantia polymorphagenomic DNA showed miR390 and TAS3-like sequences which were also found among genomic reads ofM. polymorphaat NCBI database. Our data suggest that the ancient plant miR390-dependent TAS molecular machinery firstly evolved to target AP2-like mRNAs in Marchantiophyta and only then both ARF- and AP2-specific mRNAs in mosses. The presented analysis shows that moss TAS3 families may undergone losses of tasiAP2 sites during evolution toward ferns and seed plants. These data confirm that miR390-guided genes coding for ARF- and AP2-specific ta-siRNAs have been gradually changed during land plant evolution.

Development and Molecular Genetics of Marchantia polymorpha

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Kohchi ◽  
Katsuyuki T. Yamato ◽  
Kimitsune Ishizaki ◽  
Shohei Yamaoka ◽  
Ryuichi Nishihama
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Genetic Redundancy ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Evo Devo ◽  
Basal Position

Bryophytes occupy a basal position in the monophyletic evolution of land plants and have a life cycle in which the gametophyte generation dominates over the sporophyte generation, offering a significant advantage in conducting genetics. Owing to its low genetic redundancy and the availability of an array of versatile molecular tools, including efficient genome editing, the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha has become a model organism of choice that provides clues to the mechanisms underlying eco-evo-devo biology in plants. Recent analyses of developmental mutants have revealed that key genes in developmental processes are functionally well conserved in plants, despite their morphological differences, and that lineage-specific evolution occurred by neo/subfunctionalization of common ancestral genes. We suggest that M. polymorpha is an excellent platform to uncover the conserved and diversified mechanisms underlying land plant development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 72 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals An Evolutionarily Conserved Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathway Regulates Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (22) ◽  
pp. 3691-3699.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Magnus Eklund ◽  
Masakazu Kanei ◽  
Eduardo Flores-Sandoval ◽  
Kimitsune Ishizaki ◽  
Ryuichi Nishihama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Abscisic Acid Signaling ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

scholarly journals Two Is Company, but Four Is a Party—Challenges of Tetraploidization for Cell Wall Dynamics and Efficient Tip-Growth in Pollen

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2382
Author(s):  
Jens Westermann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tip Growth ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Functional Diversification ◽  
Genome Doubling ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Growing Cell

Some cells grow by an intricately coordinated process called tip-growth, which allows the formation of long tubular structures by a remarkable increase in cell surface-to-volume ratio and cell expansion across vast distances. On a broad evolutionary scale, tip-growth has been extraordinarily successful, as indicated by its recurrent ‘re-discovery’ throughout evolutionary time in all major land plant taxa which allowed for the functional diversification of tip-growing cell types across gametophytic and sporophytic life-phases. All major land plant lineages have experienced (recurrent) polyploidization events and subsequent re-diploidization that may have positively contributed to plant adaptive evolutionary processes. How individual cells respond to genome-doubling on a shorter evolutionary scale has not been addressed as elaborately. Nevertheless, it is clear that when polyploids first form, they face numerous important challenges that must be overcome for lineages to persist. Evidence in the literature suggests that tip-growth is one of those processes. Here, I discuss the literature to present hypotheses about how polyploidization events may challenge efficient tip-growth and strategies which may overcome them: I first review the complex and multi-layered processes by which tip-growing cells maintain their cell wall integrity and steady growth. I will then discuss how they may be affected by the cellular changes that accompany genome-doubling. Finally, I will depict possible mechanisms polyploid plants may evolve to compensate for the effects caused by genome-doubling to regain diploid-like growth, particularly focusing on cell wall dynamics and the subcellular machinery they are controlled by.

scholarly journals Deep evolutionary origin of gamete-directed zygote activation by KNOX/BELL transcription factors in green plants

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Hisanaga ◽  
Shota Fujimoto ◽  
Yihui Cui ◽  
Katsutoshi Sato ◽  
Ryosuke Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Meristem Maintenance

KNOX and BELL transcription factors regulate distinct steps of diploid development in plants. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, KNOX and BELL proteins are inherited by gametes of the opposite mating types and heterodimerize in zygotes to activate diploid development. By contrast, in land plants such as Physcomitrium patens and Arabidopsis thaliana, KNOX and BELL proteins function in meristem maintenance and organogenesis during the later stages of diploid development. However, whether the contrasting functions of KNOX and BELL were acquired independently in algae and land plants is currently unknown. Here, we show that in the basal land plant species Marchantia polymorpha, gamete-expressed KNOX and BELL are required to initiate zygotic development by promoting nuclear fusion in a manner strikingly similar to that in C. reinhardtii. Our results indicate that zygote activation is the ancestral role of KNOX/BELL transcription factors, which shifted toward meristem maintenance as land plants evolved.

scholarly journals An Evolutionarily Conserved Receptor-like Kinases Signaling Module Controls Cell Wall Integrity During Tip Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (23) ◽  
pp. 4153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Westermann ◽  
Susanna Streubel ◽  
Christina Maria Franck ◽  
Roswitha Lentz ◽  
Liam Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Tip Growth ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved
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