scholarly journals On the depth and scale of metabolic rate variation: scaling of oxygen consumption rates and enzymatic activity in the Class Cephalopoda (Mollusca)

2007 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Seibel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Consumption Rates

Effects of salinity acclimation on oxygen consumption in the freshwater blenny, Salaria fluviatilis, and the marine peacock blenny, S. pavo

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itai Plaut
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Osmotic Concentration ◽  
Salinity Acclimation ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Peacock Blenny

The effect of salinity on standard metabolic rate was studied in a freshwater blenny, Salaria fluviatilis, and a marine congener, S. pavo. These blennies tolerate both fresh water (FW, <30 mOsm L −1 ) and full-strength sea water (SW, 1000 mOsm L −1 ). Fish of both species were acclimated to FW, iso- osmotic concentration (IOC, 375 mOsm L −1 ) and SW at 21 2±2°C for three months before oxygen consumption rates were measured. Slopes of the regressions relating oxygen consumption rates to body mass did not differ significantly between species and among salinity treatments. Oxygen consumption rates of S. fluviatilis in FW were significantly higher than in IOC and SW, whereas oxygen consumption rates of S. pavo were similar in IOC and SW salinity but were significantly lower in fish in FW. These results do not seem to be accounted for by different costs of osmoregulation or by different concentrations of oxygen in the water among different salinities, and they may demonstrate reduction in metabolic activities as a reaction to chronically unfavourable, sub-optimal environmental conditions.

Respiratory Metabolism During Pregnancy in the Guinea Pig

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Hoar ◽  
William C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Differences

Oxygen consumption and heart rate during pregnancy were measured in untreated, thyroxin-injected and thyroidectomized guinea pigs given I131. From impregnation until parturition, oxygen consumption increased 7.9% in untreated females. The increase continued until 5 days postpartum when a sharp decrease occurred. The increase is not accounted for by growth of the fetal mass. Comparable increases occurred in thyroxin-injected (16.2%) and thyroidectomized (11.9%) females, although the levels throughout were higher and lower, respectively, than in intact females. Heart rate did not increase. On the contrary, statistically significant decreases occurred in the untreated and thyroxin-injected females. Although the mechanism associated with the increased metabolic rate is not known, the possibility of thyroid participation would seem to be excluded. Involvement of the adrenal cortex is suggested by morphological differences in the cells of the zona fasciculata in pregnant and nonpregnant females and by evidence cited from other studies.

Metabolism during normoxia, hyperoxia, and recovery in newborn rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Frappell ◽  
Andrea Dotta ◽  
Jacopo P. Mortola
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Aerobic Metabolism ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Positive Effects

Aerobic metabolism (oxygen consumption, [Formula: see text], and carbon dioxide production, [Formula: see text]) has been measured in newborn rats at 2 days of age during normoxia, 30 min of hyperoxia (100% O2) and an additional 30 min of recovery in normoxia at ambient temperatures of 35 °C (thermoneutrality) or 30 °C. In normoxia, at 30 °C [Formula: see text] was higher than at 35 °C. With hyperoxia, [Formula: see text] increased in all cases, but more so at 30 °C (+20%) than at 35 °C (+9%). Upon return to normoxia, metabolism readily returned to the prehyperoxic value. The results support the concept that the normoxic metabolic rate of the newborn can be limited by the availability of oxygen. At temperatures below thermoneutrality the higher metabolic needs aggravate the limitation in oxygen availability, and the positive effects of hyperoxia on [Formula: see text] are therefore more apparent.Key words: neonatal respiration, oxygen consumption, thermoregulation.

Effect of Caffeine on Oxygen Consumption and Metabolic Rate in Very Low Birth Weight Infants With Idiopathic Apnea

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bauer ◽  
Kathrin Maier ◽  
Otwin Linderkamp ◽  
Roland Hentschel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

scholarly journals Oxygen consumption rates in subseafloor basaltic crust derived from a reaction transport model

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth N. Orcutt ◽  
C. Geoffrey Wheat ◽  
Olivier Rouxel ◽  
Samuel Hulme ◽  
Katrina J. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Reaction Transport ◽  
Basaltic Crust

The Relation of Oxygen Consumption to Body Size and to Temperature in the Larvae of Chironomus Riparius Meigen

1958 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-395
Author(s):  
R. W. EDWARDS
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chironomus Riparius ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Wet Weight

1. The oxygen consumption rates of 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae of Chironomus riparius have been measured at 10 and 20° C. using a constant-volume respirometer. 2. The oxygen consumption is approximately proportional to the 0.7 power of the dry weight: it is not proportional to the estimated surface area. 3. This relationship between oxygen consumption and dry weight is the same at 10 and at 20° C.. 4. The rate of oxygen consumption at 20° C. is greater than at 10° C. by a factor of 2.6. 5. During growth the percentage of dry matter of 4th-instar larvae increases from 10 to 16 and the specific gravity from 1.030 to 1.043. 6. The change in the dry weight/wet weight ratio during the 4 larval instar supports the theory of heterauxesis. 7. At 20° C., ‘summer’ larvae respire faster than ‘winter’ larvae.

The Swimming of Nymphon Gracile (Pycnogonida): The Energetics of Swimming at Constant Depth

1977 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
ELFED MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Tidal Cycle ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Constant Depth ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tide Period

1. The mechanical power required by Nymphon for swimming at constant depth has been calculated from drag forces acting on the legs. For an adult male this was found to be 3.4 W kg. Only about 60% of this is used to support the animal's weight in water. 2. The metabolic rate fluctuates spontaneously over a tidal cycle, being greatest during the ebb-tide period. The mean rate of oxygen consumption during the animals least active phase was found to be about 0.1 μlO2 mg−1 h−1. 3. The total carbohydrate and lipid immediately available for combustion have been estimated at 4.64 and 16 μg/mg wet wt respectively. These quantities should be adequate for about 42 h periodic swimming in an adult Nymphon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document