Co-Generation Energy Centres in Diverse Production Facilities

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
A L Phillips ◽  
A Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Operating Experience ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Port Sunlight ◽  
Base Load

This paper gives a review of applications within the Unilever Group, including plants in operation and studies that did not result in implementation, discusses the development of Unilever's Mersey side site and gives a review of Unilever's recently completed remodelling of the Merseyside Power Station, Port Sunlight, including the financial case, how it is put into practice and operating experience. The oil-fired high-pressure boilers/backpressure steam turbines station now incorporates a 105 tonne/h, 103 bar, 510°C, spreader stoker coal-fired boiler and a 9.5 MWe heavy fuel oil-burning medium-speed diesel engine. Both operate on ‘base load’. The station is flexibly integrated by means of feedwater and air heating systems.

scholarly journals MASSIVE USE OF BERM RELOCATION AND SURFWASHING DURING THE 2006 JYEH OIL SPILL (LEBANON): THE ACCURATE RESPONSE FOR BEACHES CLEANUP

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Fichaut ◽  
Bahr Loubnan
Keyword(s):  
Surf Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Sediment Removal ◽  
Calm Weather ◽  
Oily Waste

ABSTRACT Following the bombardment of the Jyeh power station in Lebanon on July 16 2006, about 10 to 15000 tons of heavy fuel oil drifted 150 km northward all the way to the Syrian border. Because of the continuing war, the cleanup operations could not start until early September. The response consisted of conceptually dividing the coast line into several sectors managed by various operators; from Jyeh to Beyrouth, a 34.5 km stretch of shoreline, the treatment of beaches was assigned to the lebanese N.G.O “Bahr Loubnan’. In this area, 5.3 km of sandy and gravel beaches appeared to be heavily oiled on a width that seldomly exceeded 10 m. Oil was found buried down to a depth of 1.8 m at several locations. Additionnally oil was also found sunken in shallow waters in the breaker zones of numerous beaches. In order to minimize sediment removal and production of oily waste to be treated, it was decided to operate massive treatmenN in situ. After manual recovery of stranded oil, about 12,000 m of sediment including 1,000 m of cobbles have been relocated in the surf zone. Despite the lack of tides and of the generally calm weather conditions, surfwashing was very efficient due mainly to the fact that, in non tidal conditions, sediments are continuously reworked by wave açtion which operates at the same level on the beaches. Only 540 m of heavily oiled sand, was removed from beaches and submitted for further treatment. The lack of appropriate sorbents material in Lebanon to capture the floating oil released by surfwahing was also a challenge. This was addressed by using locally Nmanufactured sorbents, which proved to be very efficient and 60 m of sorbent soaked with oil were produced during the cleanup.

scholarly journals A Numerical Study of Spray Characteristics in Medium Speed Engine Fueled by Different HFO/n-Butanol Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Nowruzi ◽  
Parviz Ghadimi ◽  
Mehdi Yousefifard
Keyword(s):  
Average Velocity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Medium Speed Engine ◽  
Speed Engine

In the present study, nonreacting and nonevaporating spray characteristics of heavy fuel oil (HFO)/n-butanol blends are numerically investigated under two different high pressure injections in medium speed engines. An Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase scheme is used to simulate blend of C14H30as HFO and 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by volume of n-butanol. OpenFOAM CFD toolbox is modified and implemented to study the effect of different blends of HFO/n-butanol on the spray characteristics at 600 and 1000 bar. To validate the presented simulations, current numerical results are compared against existing experimental data and good compliance is achieved. Based on the numerical findings, addition of n-butanol to HFO increases the particles volume in parcels at 600 bar. It was also found that blend fuels increase the number of spray particles and the average velocity of spray compared to pure HFO. Moreover, under injection pressure of 1000 bar, HFO/n-butanol blends compared to pure HFO fuel decrease particles volume in parcels of spray. Another influence of HFO/n-butanol blends is the decrease in average of particles diameter in parcels. Meanwhile, the effect of HFO/n-butanol on spray length is proved to be negligible. Finally, it can be concluded that higher injection pressure improves the spray efficiency.

Investigating SO3 Formation from the Combustion of Heavy Fuel Oil in a Four-Stroke Medium-Speed Test Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 6279-6286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Cordtz ◽  
Jesper Schramm ◽  
Rom Rabe
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Test Engine

scholarly journals Influence of the Fuel Properties on the Injection Process and Spray Development in a large ship diesel Engine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Najar ◽  
Bert Buchholz ◽  
Benjamin Stengel ◽  
Christian Fink ◽  
Egon Hassel
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Common Rail Injection

The present paper deals with the influence of fuel properties on the spray behaviour. This influence was studiedexperimentally using a common rail injection system from a medium speed diesel engine. The experiments have been performed with diesel fuel (EN-590) and heavy fuel oil (RMG 180) on a constant volume chamber at room temperature. Comparison of the spray characteristics shows that the heavy fuel oil penetrates deeper in the chamber. However, the diesel spray has a bigger cone angle. These results formed the basis for a further development of the 1D-model [1] to predict the spray penetration by considering the fuel properties and temperature.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4787

Performance Improvement of a HFO Fuelled Medium-Speed Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1504-1509
Author(s):  
Li Yan Feng ◽  
Bao Guo Du ◽  
Jia Xing Li ◽  
Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Medium Speed

This paper presents the endeavor to use Heavy Fuel Oil on a medium-speed diesel engine. The researched engine is a locomotive diesel engine, which used to be only fuelled with light diesel fuel. Since the fuel injection system of the original engine is unfit for HFO, the authors reformed the fuel injection system to meet the requirements of using HFO. In order to decrease the viscosity of the fuel, light diesel fuel was blended with HFO and heating apparatus was applied. A serial of experiments were carried out to check the performance of the reformed engine. Meanwhile, 1-D engine working cycle simulation tool was employed to study the fuel economy and combustion performance of the engine. The results indicate that compared with using light diesel fuel, when using HFO, the engine’s power performance was maintained, and the brake specific fuel consumption was increased. But considering lower price of heavy fuel oil, the fuel economy was greatly improved.

scholarly journals Low Load Combustion in Medium Sized Medium Speed Diesel Engine Burning Heavy Fuel Oil

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Toshihide Ohnishi ◽  
Hiromi Kondoh ◽  
Hideo Tano ◽  
Shuichi Shimomura
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Low Load

Heavy Fuel Operation at Limay Bataan Power Station

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Basler ◽  
Detlef Marx
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Operating Period ◽  
Fuel Treatment

The Limay Bataan Power station, a 600 MW combined cycle, is now in its 8th successful year of operation. Operating on this specific heavy fuel oil, which is a high viscosity, high ashbearing heavy fuel residue from the refinery at Limay, requires a skilled and experienced crew as the quality of fuel was subject to major changes which are highly relevant to the operating mode. If not treated properly, this fuel could corrode blades within a short operating period. This paper describes the experiences gained on the fuel handling from the fuel treatment plant to the turbine and also addresses the operation of the combined cycle. Specific operating problems are discussed. The plant is fully operated and maintained by ALSTOM Power O&M Ltd with its local team that has greatly contributed to the success of the plant.

scholarly journals The Economics of Firing Heavy Fuels in Utility Gas Turbines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Singh ◽  
M. S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Heavy Fuels ◽  
Base Load

Heavy fuel oil is of interest for firing in utility gas turbine and combined cycle plant, particularly in the developing economies of Asia and Latin America. There are few detailed studies published, which justify in commercial terms the use of heavy fuels in utility gas turbine plant or indicate the scenarios when this should be considered. Whilst this technology/fuel combination is mature and can be considered proven, awareness of the option and the technical and commercial implications is not widespread. This paper outlines the technical and commercial implications of firing heavy fuels in open cycle peaking and base load combined cycle plant. An economic comparison is made with the alternative fuel and technology options. It is demonstrated that firing heavy fuels in base load combined cycle plant can yield significant cost savings compared to using alternative technologies and liquid fuels, provided the emissions limits are not restrictive.

scholarly journals Mechanical Drive Combined-Cycle Gas and Steam Turbines for Northern Gas Products

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Wobker ◽  
C. E. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Extraction Plant ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Base Load

Gas turbines were selected for base-load operation because the waste heat could be utilized in this natural gas liquid extraction plant. It is the object of this paper to present the operation experience of a gas turbine driving a propane compressor used for base-load operation in a combined cycle. The turbines drive centrifugal refrigeration compressors for the extraction of propane, heavier liquid components, and helium from natural gas. As this is one of the largest plants of its type, the operating experience and performance are outlined. The selection, method of operation, reliability, and maintenance costs of this combined-cycle plant are discussed. It is not practical to generalize on selection of combining prime movers and major machinery for an extraction plant or a mechanical drive combined cycle. Each case must be individually evaluated and is dependent upon its location, application, and economic factors. The conclusion describes the reliability and availability of the combined cycle as borne out by approximately four years of operation.

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