scholarly journals Detection and Isolation of Mutagenic Compounds from Sea Water. III. Seasonal Changes of Mutagenic Activities and Physico-chemical Indexes of Sea Water (Regular Presentations) (Proceedings of the 10 th Symposium on Environmental Pollutants and Toxicology)

Eisei kagaku ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. P39-P39
Author(s):  
NAOHIDE KINAE ◽  
TETSUSHI WATANABE ◽  
MITSUKO YAMASHITA ◽  
MAKOTO TAKAHASHI ◽  
SHIORI YAMAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Tank study of physico-chemical controls on gas content and composition during growth of young sea ice

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (161) ◽  
pp. 177-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Tison ◽  
Christian Haas ◽  
Marcia M. Gowing ◽  
Suzanne Sleewaegen ◽  
Alain Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Bubble Nucleation ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Atmospheric Gases ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ice Water

AbstractDuring an ice-tank experiment, samples were taken to study the processes of acquisition and alteration of the gas properties in young first-year sea ice during a complete growth–warming–cooling cycle. The goal was to obtain reference levels for total gas content and concentrations of atmospheric gases (O2, N2, CO2) in the absence of significant biological activity. The range of total gas-content values obtained (3.5–18 mL STP kg−1) was similar to previous measurements or estimates. However, major differences occurred between current and quiet basins, showing the role of the water dynamics at the ice–water interface in controlling bubble nucleation processes. Extremely high CO2concentrations were observed in all the experiments (up to 57% in volume parts). It is argued that these could have resulted from two unexpected biases in the experimental settings. Concentrations in bubbles nucleated at the interface are controlled by diffusion both from the ice–water interface towards the well-mixed reservoir and between the interface water and the bubble itself. This double kinetic effect results in a transition of the gas composition in the bubbles from values close to solubility in sea water toward values close to atmospheric, as the ice cover builds up.

The Toxic Action of Copper and Mercury Salts Both Separately and When Mixed on the Harpacticid Copepod, Nitocra Spinipes (Boeck)

1948 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
H. BARNES ◽  
F. A. STANBURY
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Toxic Action ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mercury Salts

1. The results are given of the poisoning of Nitocra spinipes (Boeck) by copper and mercury salts used together and separately. 2. The state of copper and mercuric salts in sea water is examined using the available physico-chemical data. 3. The results suggest that the two poisons act in a different manner and possible reasons for this are considered. 4. The striking synergic effects obtained when the two metals are used together are considered to support the suggestion in 3 above and various possible explanations, both biological and chemical for this synergism, are examined.

Elevated sea-water temperature and solar UV-B flux associated with two successive coral mass bleaching events in Tahiti

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Drollet ◽  
M Faucon ◽  
PMV Martin
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Bleaching Event ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
A Minor

After a minor coral bleaching event in 1993, a more dramatic episode occurred in Tahiti from March to July 1994. Coral bleaching was recorded along four continuous 25-m-long line transects. Physico-chemical parameters of the sea water (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH) were noted once a week, and solar UV-B flux was recorded daily before and during the bleaching episode. Results emphasized the importance of the taxonomic position of coral in susceptibility to bleaching. The evolution of bleaching through time was related to mean daily solar UV-B flux and sea-water temperature. Moreover, comparison of the 1993 and 1994 data suggested temperature and/or UV-B thresholds that may elicit minor or severe bleaching events.

scholarly journals The Simultaneous Removal of Zinc and Cadmium from Multicomponent Aqueous Solutions by Their Sorption onto Selected Natural and Synthetic Zeolites

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Kozera-Sucharda ◽  
Barbara Gworek ◽  
Igor Kondzielski
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms ◽  
Synthetic Aluminosilicate ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Natural and synthetic aluminosilicate minerals, in particular zeolites, are considered to be very useful in remediation processes, such as purification of waters polluted with heavy metals. That is due to their unique and outstanding physico-chemical properties, rendering them highly efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly sorbents of various environmental pollutants. The aim of this study was to examine the sorption capacity of four selected zeolites: A natural zeolite and three synthetic zeolites (3A, 10A, and 13X), towards zinc and cadmium present in multicomponent aqueous solutions, in relation to identified sorption mechanisms. It was stated that synthetic zeolites 3A and 10A were the most efficient in simultaneous removal of zinc and cadmium from aqueous solutions. Additionally, zeolite 10A was demonstrated to be the mineral best coping with prolonged pollution of water with those elements. The mechanism of sorption identified for tested minerals was physisorption.

Zinc concentrations in juvenile flatfish

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

In most demersal and some pelagic marine fish O- and I-group stages are found on inshore nursery grounds which are often situated in coastal indentations and estuarieswhere flushing rates are low and the build up of persistent pollutants can be correspondingly high. Their movements are restricted, only leaving the nursery areas towards the end of their second year (Lockwood, 1974; Riley, 1973). This, coupled with the fact that juveniles may be more susceptible than adults to pollutants, makes them particularly vulnerable to the potential hazards of inshore pollution.The physico-chemical properties of most trace metals, however, generally preclude their occurrence at high concentrations in sea water itself. Instead, most of the metal is transferred to the particulate phase of the water mass and to sedimentary reservoirs (Renfro, 1973) so that concentrations of metals in sea water very rarely reach levels which are known to be acutely toxic to fish. The main risk from direct effects of metals lies in poisoning resulting from internal accumulation.Little information is available on metal concentrations occurring in young fish. Hardisty et al. (1974) and Hardisty, Kartar & Sainsbury (1974) have examined zinc, cadmium and lead levels in O-group and older flounders from the Bristol Channel. Andersen, Dommasnes & Hesthagen (1973) found high concentrations of zinc in O- and I-group herring and sprat from Oslo Fjord, Cross & Brooks (1973) reported on manganese, iron and zinc concentrations in juvenile estuarine fish. Pentreath (1973 b) has reported on zinc concentrations in the organs of I-group plaice.

scholarly journals The Hydrogen Ion Concentration of Sea Water in its Relation to Photosynthetic Changes. Part II

1923 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. G. Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Equal Degree

In the first publication under the above general title the seasonal changes in sea water were studied, but as explained previously it was not possible to regard all the data as of an equal degree of accuracy. For this and other reasons the seasonal changes were further traced in the hydrographical cruises up to October, 1922, when the approach of the winter equilibrium made it profitless for some months to continue. Since, however, at times from April to September the changes are relatively rapid it may be advisable to follow up the matter during the period mentioned at shorter intervals.

Total Biomass and Carbon Estimates in Mangrove Species of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary (BWLS), Odisha

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Kakoli Banerjee ◽  
Gobinda Bal ◽  
Rakesh Paul
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fresh Water Discharge

We estimated total biomass and total carbon in 18 selected woody mangrove species based on the IVI values along with physico-chemical parameters of sea water and soil. AGB and BGB values were calculated as per the standard protocol in BWLS in five sampling stations namely Dangmal, Bhitarkanika, Habalikhati, Ekakula and Gupti. The highest values of IVI were noted for E. agallocha followed by A. officinalis, A. marina, H. fomes and C. decandra. Total biomass of species range was found to be varying between 0.69 tha-1 in X. molluccensis and 2122.17 tha-1 in A. officinalis. Total site-wise biomass ranged between 0.22 tha-1 in B. cylindrica at Gupti and 1419.26 tha-1 in A. officinalis at Bhitarkanika. Total carbon was considered to be 50% of total dry biomass which varied from 188.45±21.87 tha-1 at Ekakula to 941.31±201.17 tha-1 at Bhitarkanika, respectively. The higher biomass and carbon in A. officinalis proves it to be highly adaptive to the environmental changes in the present geographical locale. The maximum biomass and carbon of all the mangrove species in station Bhitarkanika is due to the fact that this station receives the fresh water discharge of Baitarani river thereby the adequate lower salinity is maintained. The present study reveals that mangroves of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary can store substantial amount of atmospheric carbon and therefore needs to be conserved and sustainably managed.

Physico-chemical characteristics and postglacial desalination of Stanwell–Fletcher Lake, Arctic Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 900-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Rust ◽  
John P. Coakley
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Meromictic Lakes ◽  
Isostatic Uplift ◽  
Physico Chemical

Stanwell–Fletcher Lake is a cold monomictic Arctic lake, essentially isothermal at about 1.5 °C, with almost complete ice cover throughout the year. The annual heat input is about 13 000 cal cm−2, much less than that of dimictic Arctic lakes. The lake is isochemical, with very low ionic concentrations.The lake basin was formed during the Pleistocene by glacial scouring of soft sediments from a graben. As the ice retreated the basin filled with sea water, and became a fjord. Subsequent isostatic uplift raised the marine shorelines to 150 m above present sea level; the uplift curve indicates emergence of the fjord sill and termination of estuarine conditions about 3500 years ago. Tidal influx persisted for about 1100 years before the lacustrine phase started.Comparisons with modern fjords and coastal meromictic lakes suggest that most of the salt left the lake during its lacustrine phase. The mechanism was probably entrainment of salt water into a deep freshwater current flowing over the chemocline due to convective circulation in summer.

scholarly journals NATURAL CLEANING OF OIL POLLUTED SEASHORES

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Mechanical Abrasion ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
One Year ◽  
Type Fuel

Field observations were carried out for a period of 20 months on the seashores of Chedabucto Bay, following the spillage of 108, 000 barrels of bunker C oil in the bay by the tanker Arrow in February 1970. The main factors that control the natural cleaning of seashores are as follows: 1) Physico-chemical characteristics of oil: The bunker C-type fuel oil carried by the tanker Arrow forms, when spilled at sea, a very stable emulsion containing some 40 percent sea water. The emulsion formed is 40 times as viscous as pure bunker C (30,000 poises at 32°F). 2) Nature of polluted seashore: The natural cleaning of seashores is essentially mechanical. Abrasion of oil is most rapid on sand beaches because sand-size sediments are moved more vigourously by wave action. Such beaches clean within six months. Cobble and boulder beaches take one year to clean in Chedabucto Bay. Bedrock outcrops are still covered with a veneer of "dried" oil after 20 months of exposure to the surf. 3) Hydrodynamics of the environment: Wave action is the dominant source of energy that reaches the seashores of Chedabucto Bay and the cleaning of beaches is directly related to the amount of wave energy reaching different areas of the seashore.

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