Creative Destruction and Subjective Well-Being

In this paper we analyze the relationship between turnover-driven growth and subjective well-being. Our model of innovation-led growth and unemployment predicts that: (i) the effect of creative destruction on expected individual welfare should be unambiguously positive if we control for unemployment, less so if we do not; (ii) job creation has a positive and job destruction has a negative impact on well-being; (iii) job destruction has a less negative impact in areas with more generous unemployment insurance policies; and (iv) job creation has a more positive effect on individuals that are more forward-looking. The empirical analysis using cross-sectional MSA (metropolitan statistical area)-level and individual-level data provide empirical support to these predictions. (JEL I31, J63, J65, O33, O38)

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Longitudinal access and exposure to green-blue spaces and individual-level mental health and well-being: protocol for a longitudinal, population-wide record-linked natural experiment

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. e027289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy Mizen ◽

Jiao Song ◽

Richard Fry ◽

Ashley Akbari ◽

Damon Berridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Natural Experiment ◽

Research Programme ◽

Well Being ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Academic Community ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Level ◽

The Impact

IntroductionStudies suggest that access and exposure to green-blue spaces (GBS) have beneficial impacts on mental health. However, the evidence base is limited with respect to longitudinal studies. The main aim of this longitudinal, population-wide, record-linked natural experiment, is to model the daily lived experience by linking GBS accessibility indices, residential GBS exposure and health data; to enable quantification of the impact of GBS on well-being and common mental health disorders, for a national population.Methods and analysisThis research will estimate the impact of neighbourhood GBS access, GBS exposure and visits to GBS on the risk of common mental health conditions and the opportunity for promoting subjective well-being (SWB); both key priorities for public health. We will use a Geographic Information System (GIS) to create quarterly household GBS accessibility indices and GBS exposure using digital map and satellite data for 1.4 million homes in Wales, UK (2008–2018). We will link the GBS accessibility indices and GBS exposures to individual-level mental health outcomes for 1.7 million people with general practitioner (GP) data and data from the National Survey for Wales (n=~12 000) on well-being in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. We will examine if these associations are modified by multiple sociophysical variables, migration and socioeconomic disadvantage. Subgroup analyses will examine associations by different types of GBS. This longitudinal study will be augmented by cross-sectional research using survey data on self-reported visits to GBS and SWB.Ethics and disseminationAll data will be anonymised and linked within the privacy protecting SAIL Databank. We will be using anonymised data and therefore we are exempt from National Research Ethics Committee (NREC). An Information Governance Review Panel (IGRP) application (Project ID: 0562) to link these data has been approved.The research programme will be undertaken in close collaboration with public/patient involvement groups. A multistrategy programme of dissemination is planned with the academic community, policy-makers, practitioners and the public.

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Smoking status and subjective well-being

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052601 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 195-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Diana Weinhold ◽

Frank J Chaloupka

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Well Being ◽

Internet Survey ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quitting Smoking

Background/aimsA debate is currently underway about the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) methods for evaluating antitobacco regulation. In particular, the US government requires a cost-benefit analysis for significant new regulations, which has led the FDA to consider potential lost subjective well-being (SWB) of ex-smokers as a cost of any proposed antitobacco policy. This practice, which significantly limits regulatory capacity, is premised on the assumption that there is in fact a loss in SWB among ex-smokers.MethodsWe analyse the relationship between SWB and smoking status using a longitudinal internet survey of over 5000 Dutch adults across 5 years. We control for socioeconomic, demographic and health characteristics, and in a contribution to the literature, we additionally control for two potential confounding personality characteristics, habitual use of external substances and sensitivity to stress. In another contribution, we estimate panel fixed effects models that additionally control for unobservable time-invariant characteristics.ResultsWe find strong suggestive evidence that ex-smokers do not suffer a net loss in SWB. We also find no evidence that the change in SWB of those who quit smoking under stricter tobacco control policies is different from those who quit under a more relaxed regulatory environment. Furthermore, our cross-sectional estimates suggest that the increase in SWB from quitting smoking is statistically significant and also of a meaningful magnitude.ConclusionsIn sum, we find no empirical support for the proposition that ex-smokers suffer lower net SWB compared to when they were smoking.

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The role of perceptions about trade and inequality in the backlash against globalization

SN Business & Economics ◽

10.1007/s43546-021-00171-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Dluhosch

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

Income Distribution ◽

Well Being ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Individual Level ◽

Subjective Element

AbstractMany countries in the Western hemisphere are experiencing a political backlash against globalization. When explaining this phenomenon, much of the extant research draws on the distributional effects of international competition, in particular the opposition to trade by those who are adversely affected. Using cross-sectional data on subjective well-being from the World Values Survey and the European Values Study and combing these self-reports with trade and incomes data, this paper contributes to this strand of research by focusing on the subjective element in the formation of anti-trade sentiments. It thus explores how the role of international trade in the income distribution is being perceived at the individual level. Simulations based on the data reveal that matters of income inequality are evaluated differently, depending on how deeply the respective economy is integrated into world markets: results suggest that the extent of trade globalization amplifies any negative effect of income inequality on subjective well-being. If the role of international openness in the income distribution is perceived to be more pronounced than it actually is, the subjective element has wider politico-economic implications; it carries the risk of costly anti-trade policies without necessarily narrowing the income distribution.

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Relative Income and Life Satisfaction among Chinese Adults

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11205651 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (20) ◽

pp. 5651 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chenghua Guan ◽

Yingjie Qiu ◽

Ruopeng An

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Relative Income ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Level ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

The Relationship

Life satisfaction is a key component of people’s subjective well-being. This study assessed the relationship between relative income and life satisfaction among Chinese adults, using data from a cross-sectional survey. Individual-level data (N = 1369) came from the 2016 China Genuine Progress indicator Survey (CGPiS) conducted in Beijing and Chengdu, China. Ordered logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationship between relative income and life satisfaction among CGPiS adult respondents. Respondents’ life satisfaction was positively associated with relative income in comparison to their relatives and friends but not associated with relative income in comparison to their residing community and city. Subgroup analyses replicated the findings among male respondents and respondents with good or excellent self-rated health. In contrast, female respondents’ life satisfaction was positively associated with relative income in comparison to their city of residence, but not associated with relative income in comparison to their relatives, friends, and residing community. Life satisfaction among those with poor or fair self-rated health was not associated with any of the four dimensions of relative income. Relative income in comparison to relatives and friends was positively associated with life satisfaction in Chinese adults. Future studies adopting a longitudinal or experimental design are warranted to replicate the findings.

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Measuring functional ability in healthy ageing: a nationwide cross-sectional survey in the Philippine older population

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e050827

Author(s):

Dario Moreno-Agostino ◽

Matthew Prina ◽

Kia-Chong Chua ◽

Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan Jotheeswaran ◽

Ritu Sadana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Functional Ability ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Well Being ◽

Healthy Ageing ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Older Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

ObjectivesTo analyse the empirical support of the functional ability concept in the healthy ageing framework developed by the WHO in a sample of the Philippine older population. According to this framework, environmental factors may enhance or hinder functional ability, which is the person’s ability to do what they value, broadly represented by subjective well-being. Moreover, this network of relationships may be moderated by personal characteristics such as gender.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingPhilippines, general population.ParticipantsRespondents of the 2016 National Disability Prevalence Survey/Model Functioning Survey aged 50+ (N=2825).Primary and secondary outcome measuresLatent (unobserved) measures of functional ability, environmental factors (physical environmental factors and social network and support) and subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect and evaluative well-being) were obtained from different items from the survey questionnaire using a SEM framework.ResultsWe found that the relationship between environmental factors and the three components of subjective well-being considered in this study was partially explained by differences in functional ability. The portion of those effects accounted for by functional ability was comparatively larger for the physical than for the social environmental factors. We found no evidences of gender differences in this network of relationships.ConclusionsThese findings suggest the relevance of functional ability at explaining the relationship between environmental factors and subjective well-being in older adults. Future studies may replicate these findings longitudinally and including other relevant measures as the person’s objective level of intrinsic capacity.

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Opposing Effects of Economic Inequality Concentrated at the Top or Bottom of the Income Distribution on Subjective Well-Being

10.31234/osf.io/5rcmz ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Josephine Tan ◽

Jon Jachimowicz ◽

David Smerdon ◽

Oliver P Hauser

Keyword(s):

Gini Coefficient ◽

Economic Inequality ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Individual Level ◽

Income Distributions ◽

Opposing Effects ◽

Income Dispersion ◽

The Relationship

Prior studies commonly conceptualize economic inequality as income dispersion, predominantly operationalize it through the Gini coefficient—and find inconsistent results for the relationship to subjective well-being. We draw on prior research highlighting that two income distributions can have the same Gini coefficient but differ in where inequality is concentrated, and suggest that bottom-concentrated economic inequality (i.e., the ratio of the 50th to the 10th income percentile) and top-concentrated economic inequality (i.e., the ratio of the 95th to the 50th income percentile) have opposing effects on subjective well-being. We provide empirical support using zip-code level income ratios extracted from the American Community Survey matched to individual-level subjective well-being from the Gallup U.S. Poll (N = 573,025), which also reveals that these opposing effects are stronger for higher- than lower-income individuals. Where inequality is concentrated is thus crucial to understanding how economic inequality predicts subjective well-being and other outcomes of societal importance.

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Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000168 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lia Oberhauser ◽

Andreas B. Neubauer ◽

Eva-Marie Kessler

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Conflict Avoidance ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adult Lifespan ◽

Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

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Individual differences and changes in lifestyle behaviours predict decreased subjective well-being during COVID-19 restrictions in an Australian sample

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdab040 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emily Brindal ◽

Jillian C Ryan ◽

Naomi Kakoschke ◽

Sinead Golley ◽

Ian T Zajac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Online Survey ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Australian Sample

Abstract Background Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social distancing practices were introduced to curb infection rates in many countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these restrictions on behaviours and well-being and whether individual differences predict changes in well-being. Methods Australian adults participated in a cross-sectional, online survey during May 2020. The survey captured demographic information; health behaviours; personality traits; life satisfaction and COVID-19-related attitudes, financial concerns, perceived risks and impacts. Results In total, 3745 (86.8% of 4313) participants completed all items. Participants were mostly female (85.7%) and 56.4 years (standard deviation [SD] = 12.6) on average. Over 95.0% of the sample indicated they had been social distancing or isolating. Health behaviours and well-being had generally worsened, with social connections being the most negatively affected. Life satisfaction was significantly lower since restrictions. For changes in life satisfaction, extroversion was a risk factor and openness to experience was a protective factor. Conclusions Overall, well-being was negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing particularly in this sample containing mainly older women. In future, it will be crucial to understand why and who may be differentially affected, to encourage behaviours that are protective of well-being.

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