Finally a Smoking Gun? Compensating Differentials and the Introduction of Smoking Bans

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-106
Author(s):  
Daniel Wissmann
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Compensating Differentials ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Percent Decline

Using the staggered introduction of smoking bans in the German hospitality industry over 2007–2008, I find a robust 2.4 percent decline in the daily earnings of workers in bars and restaurants associated with the most comprehensive smoking ban. This effect is unlikely to be driven by a decline in hospitality revenues or hours worked but is consistent with a simple model of compensating differentials. (JEL I12, I18, J22, J31, J81, L83)

The Impact of Smoking Bans on the Hospitality Industry: New Evidence from Stock Market Returns

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
Stock Market Returns ◽  
Abnormal Stock Returns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract The majority of over 150 studies conclude that smoking bans do not have adverse effects on the revenues, profits, or employment of hospitality industry firms. However, several important criticisms have recently been raised which call into question many of the prior results. I examine the market value impact of a proposed smoking ban using a sample and methodology not subject to the perceived shortcomings in prior studies – an event study on the Indian hospitality industry. Contrary to the results in most prior studies, I find negative abnormal stock returns to portfolios of the hospitality industry firms examined upon the announcement of a proposed smoking ban. These results support the conclusion that a smoking ban lowered the aggregate market value of these firms.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Korean smokers towards smoke-free public places: findings from the longitudinal ITC Korea Survey, 2005–2010

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e025298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunja Park ◽  
Sung-il Cho ◽  
Hong Gwan Seo ◽  
Yeol Kim ◽  
Hyun-Suk Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Public Places ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Private Homes

ObjectivePrior to December 2012, restaurants in South Korea were required to implement only partial smoking bans. This study documents the changes in Korean smokers’ attitudes towards smoking bans between 2005 and 2010 and explores the effects of anti-smoking advertising as a correlate of support for total smoking bans in public places.DesignLongitudinal cohort study of Korean adult smokers.SettingThe data were derived from three waves (2005, 2008 and 2010) of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Korea Survey.ParticipantsThe ITC Korea Survey respondents were a probability-based, nationally representative sample of Korean smokers aged 19 and older. The current analysis includes 995 smokers who participated in Wave 1 (2005), 1737 smokers who participated in Wave 2 (2008) and 1560 smokers who participated in Wave 3 (2010).Primary and secondary outcome measuresChanges in respondents’ awareness of secondhand smoke (SHS) harm, attitudes towards smoking bans and personal rules for smoking in private homes and/or vehicles were analysed. Correlates of support for smoking bans in public places were examined using generalised estimating equation regression models.ResultsMore than 80% of Korean smokers are aware of the harms of SHS. The proportion of smokers who support smoke-free restaurants or smoke-free bars increased twofold between 2005 and 2010. Smokers who were aware of the dangers of SHS were more likely to support a total smoking ban in workplaces. Noticing anti-smoking advertising or information was not significantly associated with support for a total smoking ban in public places.ConclusionsKorean smokers became more supportive of smoking bans in public places between 2005 and 2008. These results show that smokers’ attitudes towards smoking bans can change with the implementation of smoke-free policies, even in a country that has a high prevalence of smokers.

scholarly journals Much ado about nothing? Smoking bans and Germany's hospitality industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (35) ◽  
pp. 4539-4551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kvasnicka ◽  
Harald Tauchmann
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Much Ado About Nothing

Results of outdoor smoking bans at secondary schools on adolescents smoking behaviour: a quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-771
Author(s):  
A D Rozema ◽  
J J P Mathijssen ◽  
J N van Kesteren ◽  
J A M van Oers ◽  
M W J Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
School Ground

AbstractBackgroundResearch on the effectiveness of school smoking policies on adolescents’ smoking behaviour remain inconclusive. This study evaluates the results of an outdoor school ground smoking ban at secondary schools on adolescents smoking behaviour, taking individual characteristics into account.MethodsData on 2684 adolescents from 18 Dutch secondary schools (nine with and nine without an outdoor smoking ban) were obtained at two moments. Associations between outdoor school ground smoking bans, individual characteristics, and smoking prevalence and frequency were measured. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used. At schools with a ban implementation fidelity was checked.ResultsAlthough smoking prevalence and frequency appeared to make a slower increase at schools with an outdoor smoking ban compared with schools without an outdoor smoking ban, the differences were not significant. Differences between schools in the prevalence of smoking behaviour of students could mainly be explained by individual characteristics. Smoking prevalence and frequency were higher among adolescents with a positive attitude towards smoking and when significant others were more positive about smoking. Smoking prevalence and frequency were significantly lower when adolescents perceived it as easy not to smoke. Implementation fidelity was good at schools with a ban.ConclusionsNo short-term effects were found of an outdoor smoking ban. A longer follow-up time than 6 months is needed. In addition, future research should investigate effectiveness in relation to the enforcement of the ban, comprehensiveness of the ban and when it is prohibited to leave school grounds, as smoking behavior might be transferred off school grounds.

The Role of Ethnicity and Nativity in the Correspondence between Subjective and Objective Measures of In-Home Smoking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Berardi ◽  
Georgiana Bostean ◽  
Lydia Ong
Keyword(s):  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Linear Regressions

Background: Studies are needed to understand the association between self-reported home smoking bans and objective measures of in-home smoking according to smokers’ ethnicity/nativity.Methods: Data came from a trial that used air particle monitors to reduce children’s secondhand smoke exposure in smokers’ households (N = 251). Linear regressions modeled (a) full home smoking bans by ethnicity/nativity, and (b) objectively measured in-home smoking events, predicted by main and interaction effects of self-reported home smoking bans and ethnicity/nativity.Results: Among smokers reporting < a full ban, U.S.-born and foreign-born Latinos had fewer in-home smoking events than US-born Whites (p<0.001). Participants who reported a full smoking ban had a similar frequency of smoking events regardless of ethnicity/nativity.Discussion: Self-reported home smoking bans can be used as a proxy for in-home smoking. Establishing smoking bans in the households of US-born White smokers has the largest impact on potential exposure compared to other ethnic/nativity groups.

Krantenberichtgeving over het rookverbod in de horeca

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gera E. Nagelhout ◽  
Bas van den Putte ◽  
Hein de Vries ◽  
Marc C. Willemsen
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Newspaper Coverage ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Health Damage ◽  
The Media ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Newspaper coverage about the smoking ban in the hospitality industry: A content analysis. Newspaper coverage about the smoking ban in the hospitality industry: A content analysis. In the Netherlands relatively few people support the hospitality industry smoking ban. Possibly this is due to the way the media covered the smoking ban. A content analysis of 1,041 articles in six Dutch newspapers showed that when there were economic aspects of the ban in the newspaper articles, the articles were mostly negative towards the smoking ban (62% negative, 29% positive, 9% mixed or neutral). The same was true when the newspaper articles dealt with resistance against the ban (69% negative, 26% positive, 5% mixed). When there were health aspects in the articles, the articles were equally often positive as negative (42% positive, 43% negative, 15% mixed or neutral). Although the smoking ban was implemented to protect hospitality workers from the health damage of passive smoking, economic aspects (59%) and the resistance against the ban (46%) appeared more often in the newspapers than health aspects (22%).

scholarly journals The Demand for Youth: Explaining Age Differences in the Volatility of Hours

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 3022-3044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Jaimovich ◽  
Seth Pruitt ◽  
Henry E Siu
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
General Class ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Demand Characteristics ◽  
The Business Cycle

Over the business cycle young workers experience much greater volatility of hours worked than prime-aged workers. This can arise from age differences in labor supply or labor demand characteristics. To distinguish between these, we document that, for young workers, both the cyclical volatilities of hours and wages are greater than those of the prime-aged. We argue that a general class of models featuring only age-specific labor supply differences cannot reconcile these facts. We then show that a simple model featuring labor demand differences can. (JEL E32, J13, J22, J23, J31)

Impact of Public Smoking Bans on Social Inequalities in Children’s Exposure to Tobacco Smoke at Home: An Equity-Focused Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1462-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Nanninga ◽  
Gesa Lehne ◽  
Tiara Ratz ◽  
Gabriele Bolte
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of public smoking bans on social inequalities in children’s secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home. Methods Five databases were electronically searched for articles on children’s SHS exposure at home related to public smoking bans. In addition, the gray literature and German public health journals were considered. Search was restricted to English and German publications. Of 3037 records screened, 25 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria by either measuring SHS exposure before and after public smoking ban introduction or by comparing exposure between regions with and without smoke-free legislation. Studies were further examined whether they additionally reported on impacts on social inequalities in SHS exposure. Information on children’s SHS exposure at home in relation to smoke-free legislation were extracted by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Equity (PRISMA-E) guidelines for equity-focused systematic reviews, the PROGRESS-Plus framework was applied to data extraction and analysis with focus on social inequalities in SHS exposure. Results were visualized by a harvest plot. Results Eight studies gave results on the impact of public smoking bans on social inequalities in children’s SHS exposure. Whereas only one study indicated widening of the social gap in exposure, seven studies showed no impact or a reduction of social inequalities in exposure. Conclusions First evidence on short-term impact of public smoking bans does not support the assumption of intervention-generated inequalities in children’s SHS exposure at home. Future studies should focus on long-term equity impacts of smoke-free legislation. Implications There are substantial social inequalities in children’s SHS exposure in many countries. Both hypotheses on the effect of smoke-free legislation on children’s SHS exposure at home, the displacement hypothesis and the social diffusion hypothesis, did not take social inequalities into account. Up to now, only few studies analyzed the effects of smoke-free legislation on social inequalities in children’s SHS exposure at home. Public smoking bans had overall no negative impact on social inequalities in children’s SHS exposure at home. More consistent reporting of absolute and relative inequalities is needed to comprehensively assess equity impact of smoke-free legislation.

“Resisting the Ban”

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-284
Author(s):  
Eve Jonrad
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inpatient Settings ◽  
Everyday Resistance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an evocative story “Resisting the Ban” which illustrates the ethical and pragmatic issues that nurses face when contending with smoking ban policies in inpatient psychiatric settings.Design/methodology/approachThe creative story “Resisting the Ban” was developed based on an organisational auto-ethnographic approach. The story was crafted through employing creative writing techniques and through framing and critiquing memories via several theoretical frames.FindingsThe story illustrates how smoking ban policies have created pragmatic and ethical issues on wards. The work practices of nurses have changed as have their relationships with patients. The liberties of involuntary patients have also been infringed.Research limitations/implicationsThis approach can illuminate links between acts of resistance and issues associated with public policies.Practical implicationsThe effects of smoking bans need to be considered more carefully particularly in relation to their effects on workers and patients. The social meaning of the smoking bans needs closer investigation. Policy needs to be recrafted so that it better addresses the liberties of involuntary patients. Also ward nurses need to be able to carry out their roles in a manner which is consistent with their values.Social implicationsPublic policies, such as smoking bans, can produce negative consequences maligning relationships, practices and cultures. Critical auto-ethnography provides a means of understanding issues that have resulted from problematic policies.Originality/valueScholarly work conducted on the relationship between everyday resistance in workplaces and public policies is rare. This study offers new “insider” insights into the negative effects of a smoking ban policy in psychiatric inpatient settings.

Public responses to a comprehensive smoking ban

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
Howard P. Greenwald
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Smoking Bans ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Smoking ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Financial Losses

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report public reactions to a total workplace smoking ban, including smoking behavior, attendance at bars and clubs, and attitudes toward a broader ban. Design/methodology/approach – Surveys were conducted in two adjacent jurisdictions, one of which instituted a total workplace smoking ban. Surveys took place before (n=1,609) and after (n=1,600) enactment of the ban in the relevant jurisdiction. Findings – No change in smoking prevalence occurred in the jurisdiction enacting the ban. Strong majorities of non-smokers supported the ban, while strong majorities of smokers expressed opposition. In the jurisdiction that enacted the ban, smokers who appeared to be high-volume consumers at bars and clubs were most likely to report reducing attendance at these establishments and to oppose the ban. Research limitations/implications – Surveys depend on accurate self-reporting of behavior and attitudes. Practical implications – Some bars and clubs may incur financial losses due to smoking bans. A core of strong opponents can undermine public consensus regarding smoking bans. Licensing a limited number of bars and clubs to allow smoking can safeguard this consensus. Social implications – Limited smoking bans can serve as a means of harm reduction, as non-smokers are protected from environmental tobacco smoke, and accommodation of smokers reduces their motivation to oppose bans. Originality/value – This investigation makes use of detailed data on the public’s thinking and reactions to a comprehensive smoking ban and is a before-after study with controls.

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