scholarly journals Less invasive blood sampling in the animal laboratory: clinical chemistry and haematology of blood obtained by the Triatominae bug Dipetalogaster maximus

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
S N Markvardsen ◽  
M Kjelgaard-Hansen ◽  
C Ritz ◽  
D B Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

Dipetalogaster maximus (Dipmax), a blood-sucking bug belonging to the family Reduviidae, has been used to obtain blood samples, for example for clinical chemistry and haematology, in a variety of zoo animals and wildlife. Using this bug allows stress-free blood sampling as the bug is able to draw blood without the mammal noticing the bug. In laboratory animal science, the need for blood samples from unstressed animals may arise, especially in animal behaviour research. The use of Dipmax bugs may prove a valuable tool for this purpose. To validate the method, we compared an array of standard blood parameters sampled from New Zealand White rabbits, sampled either by the use of bugs or by the conventional method; puncture of vena auricularis caudalis. The overall hypothesis was that there was no significant difference in clinical chemistry and haematological parameters between the bug method and the conventional method . A total of 17 clinical parameters as well as 12 haematological parameters were measured and compared in New Zealand White rabbits. The results showed that for 13 of these 29 analysed parameters, the bug method and the conventional method did not give significantly different results, and the obtained results were thus directly comparable. For the remaining parameters the obtained results were significantly different. However, all parameters were measurable in the bug samples. The influences of the bug metabolism on these parameters are discussed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF L-TYROSINE ADMINISTRATION ON MILK YIELD AND SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS IN NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS DOES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Mohamed Loutfi ◽  
mostafa Ayoub ◽  
hasan Khalil ◽  
Ibrahim Assaf
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

scholarly journals INVASIVENESS OF PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES IN CHILDREN–A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. e1.56-e1
Author(s):  
Mohammed Altamimi ◽  
Helen Sammons ◽  
Imti Choonara
Keyword(s):  
Sample Volume ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Individual Sample ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual

ObjectivesTo compare the invasiveness of recent pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with older studies. The extent of this will be evaluated by analysing the number of samples and volume of blood collected in each study.MethodsA systematic literature review was performed to identify papers describing number of samples and volume of blood collected in studies of children (aged 0–18 years). The following databases were searched: Medline (1946 to May 2014), Embase (1974 to May 2014), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970 to May 2014), CINAHL and Cochrane library. The keywords were “preterm neonate*” OR term neonate*” OR “neonate*” OR “new-born*” OR “child*” OR children OR “p*ediatric* OR “infant*” OR “adolescent*” AND “pharmacokinetic*” OR blood OR plasma OR specimen OR serum OR blood sampling OR blood sample*. Patients were grouped according to the guidelines of the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH), i.e. preterm neonates, term neonates, infants (28 days-under 2 years), children (2–11 years) and adolescents (12−≤18 years).ResultsA total of 501 paediatric PK studies were identified between 1974 and 2014. Eighty eight studies were conducted between 1980 and 1990 (old studies), while 193 were conducted between 2004 and 2014 (new studies). Significantly more blood samples per child were collected in the old (median 8 [IQR: 6–11]) versus the new studies (median 7 [IQR: 5–9]) (p=0.002). In children the frequency of blood sampling was significantly higher in old studies (median 9 [IQR: 7–12]) compared to new studies (p=0.0002), but in the other age categories, there were no significant differences. There was no significant difference in the individual sample volume collected at each time point between two periods (p=0.913). However the total volume of blood collected for the study was significantly more in the old period (median=14 ml IQR [4.5–27.5 ml]) than in the new studies (median=11 ml, IQR [6–18 ml]) (p=0.040).ConclusionsSignificantly more blood samples and larger total volumes of blood were taken in the old studies compared to new PK studies involving children. No major difference in the individual sample volume was seen.

scholarly journals Behavioral and Hematological Response of Clarias gariepinus juvenile exposed to Acute concentrations of Aqueous Extract of Siam Weed (Chloromolaena odorata) leaf as Anesthetic agent

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iheanacho Stanley Chidi ◽  
Nworu Shedrack
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Anesthetic Agent ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThis experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of Siam Weed (chloromelena odorata) on the heamatology of Clarias gariepinus juvenile. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) juvenile of Clarias gariepinus were randomly assigned to different concentrations of C. odorata leave aqueous extract in a completely randomize design (CRD). The concentrations were 50mg/l, 100mg/l, 150mg/l, 200mg/l. Distilled water (0.00 mg/l) was used as the control. The fish exhibited stressful behavior which was higher as the concentration of Chromolaena odorata leave extract increased. There was a gradual decrease with time until a state of calmness, which was subsequently followed by death. The effect on 96hr exposed period was recorded and blood samples collected at 24hr and 96hr interval. Result on hematological parameters revealed significant difference (P<0.05) among treatments with increase in exposure time for all the blood parameters. C. odorata at increased concentrations affected the behavior and hematology of C. gariepinus.

scholarly journals Analytical Differences in Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Assays

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward K Y Leung ◽  
Christine C Lee ◽  
Peter Angelos ◽  
Edwin L Kaplan ◽  
Raymon H Grogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Patient Series ◽  
Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone

Abstract Background We compared the rates of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) decline using the Siemens Immulite® Turbo PTH and Roche Elecsys® short turnaround time PTH assays in 95 consecutive surgical patients to investigate analytical and turnaround time (TAT) differences between the tests performed in the operating room (OR) vs the central clinical chemistry laboratory (CCL). Methods Serial blood samples from 95 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy were collected and measured using the 2 immunoassays. Specimens from the first 15 patients were measured simultaneously in the OR and CCL and used for the TAT study. In addition to 2 baseline samples, specimens were collected at 5, 10, and 15 min (for some patients, &gt;15 min) after parathyroidectomy. Results In the TAT study, a significant difference was observed (OR median 20 min vs CCL median 27 min; P &lt; 0.05). Of the 95 patient series, slower rates of parathyroid hormone decrease were observed in approximately 20% of the patients when comparing the Roche with the Immulite immunoassay. Conclusions There was a slightly longer TAT in the CCL compared with running the assay directly within the OR (median difference of approximately 7 min). For a majority of the patients, both methods showed equivalent rates of PTH decline; however, for approximately 20% of the patients, there was a slower rate of PTH decline using the Roche assay.

scholarly journals Toxicological Assessment of a Standardized Boswellia serrata Gum Resin Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Krishnaraju Alluri ◽  
Sundararaju Dodda ◽  
Eswar Kumar Kilari ◽  
Trimurtulu Golakoti ◽  
Krishanu Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

The acidic and non-acidic fractions of Boswellia serrata gum resin extracts were combined to prepare a unique product, LI13019F1 (Serratrin). The present series of studies evaluated LI13019F1 for acute and subchronic (28-day) toxicity in Wistar rats and acute dermal and eye irritation in New Zealand white rabbits. The mutagenicity and clastogenicity of LI13019F1 were evaluated in bacteria and mouse bone marrow erythrocytes, respectively. All studies were performed following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines. Acute oral and acute dermal toxicity studies did not show mortality or signs of toxicity in Wistar rats at a limit dose of 2,000 mg/kg LI13019F1. LI13019F1 did not cause irritation to the skin or the eyes of New Zealand white rabbits. In a repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study, LI13019F1-treated Wistar rats did not show dose-related signs of toxicity on their body weights, organ weights, and on the hematology and clinical chemistry parameters. The estimated no observed adverse effect level for LI13019F1 was 1,000 mg/kg/day in both male and female rats. The bacterial reverse mutation test and a micronucleus assay in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes revealed that LI13019F1 was neither mutagenic nor clastogenic. Together, the present observations demonstrate a broad-spectrum safety of LI13019F1.

scholarly journals Ectoparasites and Endoparasites of New Zealand White Rabbits from North West of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser HAJIPOUR ◽  
Mohammad ZAVARSHANI
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sporulated Oocyst ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Skin Scraping ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
North West ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Potential Risks

Background: Rabbits contain several parasites that can be harmful to their health as well as human being’s health due to the probability of causing parasitic zoonosis. The present research was designed to study ectoparasites and endoparasites of New Zealand White rabbits in North West of Iran and potential risks of parasitic zoonosis for researchers and owners. Methods: Totally, 50 rabbits were purchased from rabbit sellers and breeders in suburbs of Urmia and Tabriz between Jul and Dec 2016. The rabbits were assessed for ectoparasites by hair brushing, skin scraping, acetate tape preparation and othic swabs. They were euthanized and inspected for helminths and protozoa infection. Faecal sampling was carried out directly from recti and the oocysts or cysts were isolated using sedimentation and floatation techniques and the sporulated oocyst were identified based on morphological. Results: The following parasites, with their respective prevalence; Nematoda: Passalurus ambigus 54%, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis 42%, Nematodirus leporis 32%, Cestoda: Cysticercus pisiformis 26%, Protozoa: Eimeria steidae 44%, E. magna 30%, E. media 12% and Arthropoda: Sarcoptes scabiei 18% and Cheyletiella parasitivorax 38%. No significant difference was recorded in infection rate between male and female rabbits. Conclusion: Both domestic and wild rabbits are a potential source of human parasitic zoonosis, and strict hygienic practices are recommended during and after handling rabbits or in case of exposure to their feces.

scholarly journals Effects of Storage Duration and Temperature on the Values of Haematological Parameters in Bovine and Ovine Blood Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
A. H. KIRMIZIGUL ◽  
E. GOKCE ◽  
M. SOZMEN
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Study Material ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Haematological Values

The purpose of the present study was to determine the alterations in haematological values at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours of storage in bovine and ovine venous blood samples stored at 4˚C and 24˚C in EDTA-coated tubes. Twenty healthy animals, including ten 4-year-old cattle and ten 2-year-old sheep constituted the study material. Bovine blood samples stored at 4˚C produced reliable results for the WBC, RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH and MCHC levels with the exception of PLT level as PLT levels decreased when the PLT stored 24 hours or longer times. On the other hand ovine blood samples stored at 4˚C for 24 hours or longer, all the parameters measured (WBC, RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC and PLT levels) gave reliable results indicating that ovine blood parameters can be used effectively and safely. Furthermore, in the bovine blood samples, MCHC levels were decreased as from 60 hours stored at 24°C and WBC levels were decreased in the ovine blood samples stored 48 hours or longer at 24°C. However, the blood samples stored at 24°C, the measurement of the RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH and PLT levels produced reliable results.

scholarly journals Regular transient limb ischemia protects endothelial function against hypercholesterolemic damage in rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110368
Author(s):  
Hongli Wang ◽  
Zhinan Zheng ◽  
Nanrong Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Sanqing Jin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

Regular transient limb ischemia (RTLI) can prevent atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. As endothelial dysfunction is the initial factor leading to atherosclerosis, we investigated the effect of RTLI on endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. We randomly allocated 15 New Zealand white rabbits to three groups, five animals per group: the hypercholesterolemic group (Group H), the sham RTLI group (Group S), and the RTLI group (Group L). All rabbits received hypercholesterolemic fodder daily. No intervention was performed on the rabbits in Group H. Rabbits in Group S were kept in hutches, with a deflated cuff applied to their left hind limb for 60 min every day. For rabbits in Group L, RTLI (six cycles of 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion of the left hind limb) was applied once daily for 12 weeks. At the end of week 12, a segment of the abdominal aorta was isolated from each rabbit for in vitro measurement of the endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) response to different concentrations of acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent vasodilation (EIV) response to sodium nitroprusside. The EDV response was significantly higher in Group L than in Groups S and H ( p < 0.05), with no significant difference between Groups S and H ( p > 0.05). There was no difference in the EIV response among the three groups. RTLI could improve the EDV response, protecting endothelial function against hypercholesterolemic damage.

scholarly journals Blood Samples of Peripheral Venous Catheter or The Usual Way: Do Infusion Fluid Alters the Biochemical Test Results?

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Taghizadeganzadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Yazdankhahfard ◽  
Mohammadreza Farzaneh ◽  
Kamran Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infusion Line

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Most blood tests require venous blood samples. Puncturing the vein also causes pain, infection, or damage to the blood, and lymph flow, or long-term healing. This study aimed to determine and compare the biochemical laboratory value of the blood samples that were provided through: peripheral vein infusion (PVI) receiving continuous intravenous fluid; and the usual method of blood sampling.</p><p><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This is an interventional, quasi-experimental, and controlled study. The selected study sample included 60 patients, who were hospitalized during 2014, in the Internal Medicine, part of Martyrs of Persian Gulf, teaching hospital at Bushehr. Three blood samples were taken from each patient that were provided through PVI line (5 ml blood collected at beginning of IVC and then another 5 cc), and another case was prepared by common blood sampling (control). All the samples were analyzed in terms of sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine using SPSS Ver.19 software, by paired <em>t</em>-test and Pearson's correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> There was a statistically significant difference between the amount of sodium and potassium in the first blood samples taken from the intravenous infusion line and vein puncture .However, no significant differences were found among the biochemical amount in the second blood samples taken from the intravenous infusion line and vein puncture. </p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>We can use blood samples taken from peripheral intravenous infusion lines after 5cc discarding from the first part of the sample for measuring the value of sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine.  </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document