scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of panoramic radiography and ultrasonography in detecting periapical lesions using periapical radiography as a gold standard

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 20190290
Author(s):  
Zeynep Betül Arslan ◽  
Hilal Demir ◽  
Dila Berker Yıldız ◽  
Füsun Yaşar
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of imaging techniques in diagnosing periapical lesions. Methods: Imaging records of 80 patients (51 females, 29 males, aged between 14 and 75 years) including periapical and panoramic radiographs and ultrasonographic images were selected from databases of Selcuk University Dentistry Faculty. Periapical radiographs were accepted as gold-standard and 160 anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth with or without periapical lesion were included to the study. Three specialist observers (dental radiologists) evaluated the presence and appearance of periapical lesions on panoramic radiograph and ultrasonographic images. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic value of panoramic radiographs and ultrasonography were determined. Results: Sensitivity was 0.80 and 0.77 for ultrasonographic images and panoramic radiographs, respectively which shows that periapical lesion was correctly detected in 80% of the cases with ultrasound and in 77% of the cases with panoramic radiography. Specificity values were determined as 0.97 for ultrasound and 0.95 for panoramic radiography. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 0.86 and 0.84 for ultrasound and panoramic radiography, respectively. Conclusions: Periapical and panoramic radiographs are commonly used to visualize periapical lesions. Besides, ultrasonography is an alternative method to digital radiographic techniques in the diagnosis of anterior teeth with periapical lesions.

scholarly journals Application of panoramic radiography with a multilayer imaging program for detecting proximal caries: a preliminary clinical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 20190467
Author(s):  
Kug Jin Jeon ◽  
Sang-Sun Han ◽  
Chena Lee ◽  
Yoon Joo Choi ◽  
Hoi In Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
General Dentists ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: The aim of this study is to introduce a novel program of panoramic radiography that shows 41 multilayer images from the buccal to lingual aspects in a region of interest, and to evaluate the effectiveness of this program for detecting proximal caries. Methods: In total, 480 premolars and molars on 30 panoramic radiographs taken with the multilayer imaging program were included in this study. The presence or absence of caries in 960 proximal surfaces was assessed by three experienced oral and maxillofacial radiologists as a consensus-based gold-standard. Two general dentists evaluated and scored proximal caries on 980 surfaces on panoramic radiographs with and without the multilayer imaging program. The two general dentists’ scores were compared with the gold-standard, and were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with and without using the program. The area under the ROC curve was analyzed using STATA/SE 13.1. Results: When the multilayer imaging program was used for panoramic radiography, the inter- and intraobserver agreement of the two general dentists improved. All values, including the area under the ROC curve, were higher when the multilayer imaging program was used than when it was not used. The area under the ROC curve showed a statistically significant improvement only in Observer 1, whose diagnostic ability was poorer than that of Observer 2. Conclusions:o This multilayer imaging program might help the inexperienced dentist to improve the diagnostic accuracy of proximal caries. If further studies would be performed in various clinical application, it could be useful when intraoral radiography taking is difficult for reasons such as mouth-opening limitations and the gag reflex of the patients.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-397
Author(s):  
Firoozeh Ahmadi ◽  
Farnaz Akhbari ◽  
Fatemeh Niknejad ◽  
Hadieh Haghighi ◽  
Zahra Ghahremani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Uterine Anomalies

ABSTRACT Introduction Two of the most frequent procedures performed on infertile women are two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). Hysteroscopy is considered as the gold standard for evaluation of acquired endometrial lesions in infertile women; however, 3DUS is used as a noninvasive, less expensive, and reliable assessment method for evaluation of the intrauterine lesions in infertile women. We aimed to compare the diagnostic efficiency between 3DUS and hysteroscopy in the detection of lesions (polyps, submucous leiomyoma, and synechiae) in infertile women. Materials and methods In this prospective observational study, infertile women (n = 155) with indication of hysteroscopy were scheduled to undergo 3DUS prior to hysteroscopy from September 2010 to 2011. Women with suspected congenital uterine anomalies were excluded. The sensitivity and specificity values of 3DUS were compared with those of hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was used as the gold standard for diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in infertile women. Results Of the 155 women, 50 were found to have an intracavitary abnormality, 36 had polyps, 12 had myomas, and 7 had synechiae on hysteroscopic findings. Examination with 3DUS in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions reached an accuracy of 94%, and 92.15 and 96.9% of sensitivity and specificity respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.3% (LR+ = 10.75, LR+ = 0.065). Conclusion According to our results, 3DUS has a reliable diagnostic accuracy for intrauterine lesions, and it may limit unnecessary hysteroscopy in patients with normal results. How to cite this article Ahmadi F, Haghighi H, Ghahremani Z, Niknejad F, Akhbari F, Ramezanali F, Chehrazi M. Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):393-397.

scholarly journals Accuracy of automated urine dipstick test as a screening tool for proteinuria in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Sankar Sundaram ◽  
Ann Mili Kuriakose ◽  
Vijayan C. P.
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Urine Dipstick ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Urine Dipstick Test

Background: Progressive proteinuria implies worsening of the condition in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and hence its quantification guides clinician in making decision and planning treatment. The gold standard is 24 hour urine protein estimation. Urine sediment cytology, also known as ‘liquid renal biopsy’ identifies and analyses the extent of renal damage.Methods: Objectives of the study were to compare the efficacy of urine dipstick test to 24 hour urine protein estimation in detecting proteinuria in pre-eclampsic patients and to describe the findings in urine sediment examination in assessing proteinuria in above patients. Urine dipstick test and sediment cytology were performed on the urinary samples of 242 pregnant women with high BP recordings (BP>140/90 mm Hg) which were collected and tested in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam during the study period of 18 months. This was compared with 24 hour urine protein values (gold standard).Results: About 154 patients (63.63%) had significant proteinuria of more than 300mg/24hr. Dipstick method showed 78.57% sensitivity and 81.82% specificity for prediction of significant proteinuria. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of urine dipstick test were 88.32% and 68.57% respectively. Urine sediment examination revealed the presence of casts only in 11.98% of study population. Conclusions: Diagnostic accuracy of automated urine dipstick test in assessing proteinuria was 79.75%. For grade 1 proteinuria, diagnostic accuracy was 79.81%, for Grade 2 it increased to 93.14% and for grade 3 & 4, accuracy was 98.68%. Urine sediment examination didn’t correlate with proteinuria and hence the extent of renal damage in pre-eclampsia.

SUCCESSFUL NON SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A LARGE PERIAPICAL LESION – TWO CASE REPORTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Kavimalar Kavimalar ◽  
Sonia Khatri ◽  
Sylvia Mathew ◽  
Nithin Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Therapy Assessment ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Natural Teeth

Aim: The aim of these case reports is to emphasize the successful healing of large periapical lesions using non surgical endodontic treatment with advanced techniques Background: Periapical lesions of endodontic origin are common pathological conditions affecting the periradicular tissues. The primary objective of root canal treatment is to cure or prevent periradicular periodontitis and to retain natural teeth in function and aesthetics Case description: Two case reports of large periapical lesions are described here which have shown favourable clinical and radiographic outcome following non surgical endodontic therapy Conclusion: Size of a periapical lesion does not necessarily mandate surgical intervention always and has shown the potential to heal following conservative endodontic therapy. Assessment of healing of a large periapical lesion necessitates a long term follow up and has to be done periodically. Clinical significance: The article highlights that present day endodontic treatment has become predictable and highly successful due to the advancements in diagnostic imaging techniques, rotary instruments, irrigants , intracanal medicaments and obturation systems which has in turn led to the fall in root end surgeries

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF PNEUMOTHORAX IN CHEST TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH CT AS THE GOLD STANDARD

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danquale Vance Kynshikhar ◽  
Chaman Lal Kaushal ◽  
Ashwani Tomar ◽  
Neeti Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Chest Ultrasound

Background: To study the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the detection of pneumothorax in chest trauma patients with CT as the Gold Standard Methods: The present study was conducted from 31th July 2018 to 30th July 2019. A total of 36 patients were enrolled in the study. Results: By chest ultrasound, pneumothorax was detected in 15 of 24 patients. The sensitivity of chest ultrasound for the diagnosis of pneumothorax was 62.5%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 54.14% and accuracy was 75%. Conclusion: Chest ultrasound can play an important role in the emergency department aiding a physician for bedside rapid and accurate diagnosis of pneumothorax without interruption in the resuscitation process and without transferring the patient to the radiology section. Keywords: Ultrasound, CT, Pneumothorax

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF 99 MTC LABELLED UBIQUICIDIN (29-41) SPECT/CT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN DIABETIC FOOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atif ◽  
Fida Hussain ◽  
Zaigham Salim Dar ◽  
Jameela Khatoon ◽  
Saadia Ajmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT for detection of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients by taking bone biopsy as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Nuclear Medical Centre, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, from Apr 2017 to Mar 2018. Methodology: Study assessed 122 patients of both genders, aged between 30-80 years (mean age=55.3 years), presenting with diabetic foot ulcers having suspicion of osteomyelitis, by 99mTc-Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT followed by bone biopsy (histopathology and culture) taken as gold standard. Results: Among 122 patients [94 male (77%) and 28 female (23%)], osteomyelitis was histopathologically confirmed in 113 patients. 107 out of these patients were positive for osteomyelitis on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT (true positives) while 6 were false negative. Out of 9 patients declared negative for osteomyelitis on histopathology and culture, 8 were negative on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT as well (true negative) while only 1 case came out to be positive (false positive). Thus, the 99mTc-UBI (29-41) scan showed 94.6% sensitivity, 88.89% specificity, 99% positive predictive value, 57% negative predictive value with overall 94.2% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT scan can precisely localize infective focus, in diabetic foot osteomyelitis, with simultaneous discrimination between bone and soft tissues.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in Diagnosing Malignant Breast Lesions Taking Histopathology as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1847-1849
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Jawad Ali Memon ◽  
Muhammad Sibtain Shah ◽  
Hafeez ur Rehman ◽  
Tahir Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Malignant Breast

Background and Aims: Breast cancer is the prime cause of mortality among women of both developing and developed world. Out of 34.6% of female cancer patients, malignant breast cancer being the most common cancer found in Pakistan. The current study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diagnosing malignant breast lesions taking histopathology as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 135 female patients with suspicious palpable lesions for malignancy referred from surgical OPD of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro during the period from October 2020 to March 2021. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) dynamic enhanced images taken with contrast on 1.5 Tesla MRI machines were assessed based on kinetic and morphology. Malignancy biomarker was assessed with choline peak (Cho) allowed by MRS. The Single-voxel technique was utilized in order to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRS in breast lesions malignancy. A comparison was made between MRS and biopsy findings. Results: Out of 135 female patients, 118 (87.40%) were malignant lesions patients assessed by MRS while histopathologically proven patients were 104 (77.33%). The calculated mean age of all the malignant patients was 48.3 ± 14.5 years with a range of 40-79 years. The diagnostic parameters of MRS such as specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) was 74%, 88.2%, 93%, 77.8%, and 93.1% respectively while taking histopathology as a gold standard. Conclusion: MRS must be utilized as a primary imaging technique for the diagnosis of breast lesions malignancy due to its higher specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in breast lumps characterization. MRS was found to be specific 74%, sensitive 88.2%, and accurate 93% in malignant breast cancer diagnosis. Keywords: MRS, Malignant breast lesions, Histopathology

scholarly journals To determine the diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1166-1171
Author(s):  
Mahwish Yasin ◽  
◽  
Huma Muzaffar ◽  
M Ahmed Zamir ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Significant Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Objective: The objective of the study was to: determine the diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Settings: Department of Medicine, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: 1st Oct 2017 to March 2018. Results: In this study, out of 158 cases, 48.73%(n=77) were between 25-40 years while 51.27%(n=81) were between 41-60 years, mean+SD was calculated as 40.94+9.10 years, 55.06%(n=87) were male and 44.94%(n=71) were females, mean AST and platelet count was calculated as 1.68+0.54 and 191.0+43.75, frequency of significant fibroids in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard reveals as 53.16%(n=84) while 46.84%(n=74) had no findings of this morbidity. The diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard was recorded which shows 51.27%(n=81) as true positive, 2.53%(n=4) false positive, 1.89%(n=3) false negative and 44.31%(n=70) were recorded as true negative, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate was computed as 96.43%, 94.59%, 95.29%, 95.89% and 95.57% respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio for detection of significant fibrosis in chronic Hepatitis C patients was satisfactory and it may be used for the avoidance of invasive liver biopsy to initiate the antiviral therapy in these patients.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Stop-Bang Questionnaire in Diagnosing High Risk Patients of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Considering Polysomnography as a Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2823-2825
Author(s):  
Masood uz Zaman Babar ◽  
Rizwan Ali Tunio ◽  
Sunil Dat Maheshwari ◽  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Hasham Masood Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Risk Patients

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of stop-bang questionnaire to diagnose high risk patients of obstructive sleep apnea taking polysomnography as gold standard. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad and help taken from Sleep Disorder Laboratory, The Aga Khan Hospital, Karachi. Patients with age of 18 to 70 years, presenting with symptoms of OSA of either gender were included. History was taken from patients. STOP- BANG Questionnaire was filled out for each patient consenting to participate in the study. All information was noted and entered in the Proforma. Results: Mean age of patients was 40.1 with standard deviation 17.6, mean AHI score was 20 with standard deviation 6 and stop bang score showed average 6.8 with standard deviation 2.7. Distribution of gender showed that most of the patients were male. Diagnostic accuracy calculated for stop bang questionnaire, sensitivity 77.2%, Specificity 65.5%, Positive Predictive Value 75.4%, Negative Predictive Value 67.8%, Diagnostic Accuracy 72.3% of stop bang questionnaire as follows. Conclusion: This study confirms the STOP-Bang questionnaire's high performance in screening for Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the surgical population and sleep clinic. The likelihood of OSA severity increases from moderate to severe with the increasing STOP-Bang score. Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, stop-bang questionnaire, apnea-hypopnea index, polysomnogram

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