scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-397
Author(s):  
Firoozeh Ahmadi ◽  
Farnaz Akhbari ◽  
Fatemeh Niknejad ◽  
Hadieh Haghighi ◽  
Zahra Ghahremani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Uterine Anomalies

ABSTRACT Introduction Two of the most frequent procedures performed on infertile women are two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). Hysteroscopy is considered as the gold standard for evaluation of acquired endometrial lesions in infertile women; however, 3DUS is used as a noninvasive, less expensive, and reliable assessment method for evaluation of the intrauterine lesions in infertile women. We aimed to compare the diagnostic efficiency between 3DUS and hysteroscopy in the detection of lesions (polyps, submucous leiomyoma, and synechiae) in infertile women. Materials and methods In this prospective observational study, infertile women (n = 155) with indication of hysteroscopy were scheduled to undergo 3DUS prior to hysteroscopy from September 2010 to 2011. Women with suspected congenital uterine anomalies were excluded. The sensitivity and specificity values of 3DUS were compared with those of hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was used as the gold standard for diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in infertile women. Results Of the 155 women, 50 were found to have an intracavitary abnormality, 36 had polyps, 12 had myomas, and 7 had synechiae on hysteroscopic findings. Examination with 3DUS in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions reached an accuracy of 94%, and 92.15 and 96.9% of sensitivity and specificity respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.3% (LR+ = 10.75, LR+ = 0.065). Conclusion According to our results, 3DUS has a reliable diagnostic accuracy for intrauterine lesions, and it may limit unnecessary hysteroscopy in patients with normal results. How to cite this article Ahmadi F, Haghighi H, Ghahremani Z, Niknejad F, Akhbari F, Ramezanali F, Chehrazi M. Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):393-397.

scholarly journals The Sensitivity and Specificity of Preoperative Staging of Axillary Nodes in Cancer Breast Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Anshika Arora ◽  
Manju Saini ◽  
Neena Chauhan ◽  
Mayank Bhasin ◽  
Sunil Saini
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Preoperative Staging ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carcinoma Breast

Aims: Metastasis to axillary lymph nodes is an important prognostic factor in carcinoma breast patients, with implications on overall survival and progression-free survival. To evaluate the accuracy of pre-operative clinical palpation and USG axilla in patients with carcinoma breast, using histopathology as the gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of Study: This was a retrospective study, carried out at Cancer Research Institute, SRHU, India, between January 2015 and December 2018. Methodology: Data was collected from Case records and Hospital Information System for patients having undergone surgery for breast cancer. Pre-treatment clinical, ultrasound axilla, and final histopathology details were recorded. Taking histopathology as the gold standard test, diagnostic accuracy of clinical palpation and ultrasound axilla was calculated. Results: 256 patients were enrolled in the study. Clinically, 70.7% of patients were T1/T2 stage, 53.9% were node-positive, on USG axilla 59% had abnormal nodes, pathologically 53.52% had nodal metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity for clinical palpation was 77.86% and 75%, for USG was 90.71% and 79.31%. Sensitivity and specificity of USG in c T1/2 was 88.64% and 80.21%; in c T3/4 94.23% and 65.22%; in c N negative 87% and 72.16%; in c N positive 91.74% and 75.86%. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of clinical palpation of axilla alone was low; Ultrasound axilla had high sensitivity but low specificity across all T stages of breast tumor. The ultrasound had a high negative predictive value in clinically non-palpable nodes and a high positive predictive value in clinically palpable nodes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of HSG and SIS Diagnostic Value in Comparison to Hysteroscopy to Detect Intrauterine Abnormalities in Infertile Women in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazari L ◽  
◽  
Boroujeni PT ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Intrauterine Abnormalities ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: Hysteroscopy is the gold standard in evaluation of uterine cavity. However, being invasive and its possible adverse effects have reduced popularity of hysteroscopy and clinicians have always been looking for a valid alternative for hysteroscopy. In the current study, we aimed to compare diagnostic value of Saline induced Sonography with HSG in diagnosis of intrauterine abnormalities. Material and Method: We performed a retrospective study on 81 infertile women who underwent hysteroscopy, SIS, and HSG at Taleghani infertility center during their IVF treatment course. Polyp, fibroids, adhesion and septate uterus were considered as abnormality. We reported agreement percent, Kappa, sensitivity, specificity, Area Under Curve, Diagnostic Odds Ratio, Positive Predictive Value, and Negative Predictive value for both SIS and HSG. Results: Total agreement between SIS and hysteroscopy was 85.1, while it was 23.4 for HSG. We also observed considerably higher Kappa for SIS (80.1%) than HSG (15.5%). Overall sensitivity and specificity of SIS for diagnosis of all type of anomaly including both uterine abnormalities and Acquired uterine pathologies was 90.1% (95% CI= 80.7, 95.9) and 90.0% (95% CI= 55.5, 99.7). Meanwhile overall sensitivity and specificity of Hysterosalpingography where hysteroscopy was considered as the gold standard was 54.9 (42.7, 66.8) and 50.0 (18.7, 81.3). Conclusion: SIS is more sensitive tools than HSG for diagnosis of intrauterine abnormalities and could be considered one of the best alternative of hysteroscopy. It provides more accurate detail diagnostic information with high sensitivity and specificity.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals Accuracy of automated urine dipstick test as a screening tool for proteinuria in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Sankar Sundaram ◽  
Ann Mili Kuriakose ◽  
Vijayan C. P.
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Urine Dipstick ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Urine Dipstick Test

Background: Progressive proteinuria implies worsening of the condition in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and hence its quantification guides clinician in making decision and planning treatment. The gold standard is 24 hour urine protein estimation. Urine sediment cytology, also known as ‘liquid renal biopsy’ identifies and analyses the extent of renal damage.Methods: Objectives of the study were to compare the efficacy of urine dipstick test to 24 hour urine protein estimation in detecting proteinuria in pre-eclampsic patients and to describe the findings in urine sediment examination in assessing proteinuria in above patients. Urine dipstick test and sediment cytology were performed on the urinary samples of 242 pregnant women with high BP recordings (BP>140/90 mm Hg) which were collected and tested in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam during the study period of 18 months. This was compared with 24 hour urine protein values (gold standard).Results: About 154 patients (63.63%) had significant proteinuria of more than 300mg/24hr. Dipstick method showed 78.57% sensitivity and 81.82% specificity for prediction of significant proteinuria. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of urine dipstick test were 88.32% and 68.57% respectively. Urine sediment examination revealed the presence of casts only in 11.98% of study population. Conclusions: Diagnostic accuracy of automated urine dipstick test in assessing proteinuria was 79.75%. For grade 1 proteinuria, diagnostic accuracy was 79.81%, for Grade 2 it increased to 93.14% and for grade 3 & 4, accuracy was 98.68%. Urine sediment examination didn’t correlate with proteinuria and hence the extent of renal damage in pre-eclampsia.

Three-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis and the classification of congenital uterine anomalies using the ESHRE/ESGE classification: a diagnostic accuracy study

2019 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kougioumtsidou ◽  
Themistoklis Mikos ◽  
Grigoris F. Grimbizis ◽  
Aikaterini Karavida ◽  
Theodoros D. Theodoridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy Study ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
Accuracy Study

scholarly journals Examination of the predictive value of structural magnetic resonance scans in bipolar disorder: a pattern classification approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rocha-Rego ◽  
J. Jogia ◽  
A. F. Marquand ◽  
J. Mourao-Miranda ◽  
A. Simmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Neuroanatomical Data

BackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Patients are further disadvantaged by delays in accurate diagnosis ranging between 5 and 10 years. We applied Gaussian process classifiers (GPCs) to structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data to evaluate the feasibility of using pattern recognition techniques for the diagnostic classification of patients with BD.MethodGPCs were applied to gray (GM) and white matter (WM) sMRI data derived from two independent samples of patients with BD (cohort 1: n = 26; cohort 2: n = 14). Within each cohort patients were matched on age, sex and IQ to an equal number of healthy controls.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of the GPC for GM was 73% in cohort 1 and 72% in cohort 2; the sensitivity and specificity of the GM classification were respectively 69% and 77% in cohort 1 and 64% and 99% in cohort 2. The diagnostic accuracy of the GPC for WM was 69% in cohort 1 and 78% in cohort 2; the sensitivity and specificity of the WM classification were both 69% in cohort 1 and 71% and 86% respectively in cohort 2. In both samples, GM and WM clusters discriminating between patients and controls were localized within cortical and subcortical structures implicated in BD.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the predictive value of neuroanatomical data in discriminating patients with BD from healthy individuals. The overlap between discriminative networks and regions implicated in the pathophysiology of BD supports the biological plausibility of the classifiers.

scholarly journals 732. Sensitivity and Specificity of Point of Care Lung Ultrasound vs. Chest X-Ray for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Pneumonia in Limited resource settings: The Zambia Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S464-S464
Author(s):  
Ingrid Y Camelo ◽  
Rachel Pieciak ◽  
Ilse castro-aragon ◽  
Bindu Setty ◽  
Lauren Etter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pediatric Pneumonia ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background Pediatric pneumonia is the leading cause of child mortality in low-income countries. Pneumonia diagnosis is a challenge. Chest x-ray (CXR) is considered the gold standard, but it exposes children to ionizing radiation, and access to CXR is limited to hospital settings. Lung Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is a portable and non-radiating alternative to CXR. Methods We enrolled 200 children aged 1-59 months from the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) Emergency Department (ED) in Lusaka, Zambia who met the WHO (World Health Organization) case definition for severe pneumonia. From each child, we collected demographic and clinical data, a CXR, and a set of ultrasound images using a Butterfly ultrasound probe. Images were independently interpreted by two radiologists blinded to the results of the other imaging modality. Using CXR as the gold standard, we determined the sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and likelihood ratios for pneumonia using lung POCUS. Results This preliminary analysis included 50 children seen between May-October 2020. Median age (9 months) (Range 4-15). 58% were male, (29/50). Median temperature was 37.3⁰C (range 36.5-38.0); median respiratory and pulse rates were 41 breaths/min (range 31-50) and 139 beats/min (range 124-160) respectively; median SpO2 on RA was 91% (range 89-95). 50% of cases had difficulty breathing (82%, 41/50); chest retractions (70%, 35/50) and grunting (62%, 31/50). Ultrasound images for 49/50 (98%) cases and CXRs for 50/50 (100%) of cases we analyzed. Sensitivity of lung POCUS in the detection of CAP was 61% (95% Cl: 0.52-0.84). The specificity was 77% (95% Cl: 0.56-0.91). Positive predictive value (PPV) 70% (95% CI: 0.62-0.94) and negative predictive value (NPV) 69% (95% CI: 0.56-0.79). Conclusion Preliminary findings of this study demonstrated the lower diagnostic accuracy of lung POCUS versus CXR in the detection of pneumonia in children 1- 59 months. The high specificity of the test will aid in ruling out severe pneumonia in children. Due to its availability, ease of interpretation, and absence of radiation exposure, lung POCUS should still be considered as an important initial imaging tool for the diagnosis of CAP in children in limited-resource settings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF PNEUMOTHORAX IN CHEST TRAUMA PATIENTS WITH CT AS THE GOLD STANDARD

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danquale Vance Kynshikhar ◽  
Chaman Lal Kaushal ◽  
Ashwani Tomar ◽  
Neeti Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Chest Ultrasound

Background: To study the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the detection of pneumothorax in chest trauma patients with CT as the Gold Standard Methods: The present study was conducted from 31th July 2018 to 30th July 2019. A total of 36 patients were enrolled in the study. Results: By chest ultrasound, pneumothorax was detected in 15 of 24 patients. The sensitivity of chest ultrasound for the diagnosis of pneumothorax was 62.5%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 54.14% and accuracy was 75%. Conclusion: Chest ultrasound can play an important role in the emergency department aiding a physician for bedside rapid and accurate diagnosis of pneumothorax without interruption in the resuscitation process and without transferring the patient to the radiology section. Keywords: Ultrasound, CT, Pneumothorax

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF 99 MTC LABELLED UBIQUICIDIN (29-41) SPECT/CT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN DIABETIC FOOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atif ◽  
Fida Hussain ◽  
Zaigham Salim Dar ◽  
Jameela Khatoon ◽  
Saadia Ajmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT for detection of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients by taking bone biopsy as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Nuclear Medical Centre, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, from Apr 2017 to Mar 2018. Methodology: Study assessed 122 patients of both genders, aged between 30-80 years (mean age=55.3 years), presenting with diabetic foot ulcers having suspicion of osteomyelitis, by 99mTc-Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT followed by bone biopsy (histopathology and culture) taken as gold standard. Results: Among 122 patients [94 male (77%) and 28 female (23%)], osteomyelitis was histopathologically confirmed in 113 patients. 107 out of these patients were positive for osteomyelitis on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT (true positives) while 6 were false negative. Out of 9 patients declared negative for osteomyelitis on histopathology and culture, 8 were negative on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT as well (true negative) while only 1 case came out to be positive (false positive). Thus, the 99mTc-UBI (29-41) scan showed 94.6% sensitivity, 88.89% specificity, 99% positive predictive value, 57% negative predictive value with overall 94.2% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT scan can precisely localize infective focus, in diabetic foot osteomyelitis, with simultaneous discrimination between bone and soft tissues.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in Diagnosing Malignant Breast Lesions Taking Histopathology as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1847-1849
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Jawad Ali Memon ◽  
Muhammad Sibtain Shah ◽  
Hafeez ur Rehman ◽  
Tahir Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Malignant Breast

Background and Aims: Breast cancer is the prime cause of mortality among women of both developing and developed world. Out of 34.6% of female cancer patients, malignant breast cancer being the most common cancer found in Pakistan. The current study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diagnosing malignant breast lesions taking histopathology as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 135 female patients with suspicious palpable lesions for malignancy referred from surgical OPD of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro during the period from October 2020 to March 2021. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) dynamic enhanced images taken with contrast on 1.5 Tesla MRI machines were assessed based on kinetic and morphology. Malignancy biomarker was assessed with choline peak (Cho) allowed by MRS. The Single-voxel technique was utilized in order to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRS in breast lesions malignancy. A comparison was made between MRS and biopsy findings. Results: Out of 135 female patients, 118 (87.40%) were malignant lesions patients assessed by MRS while histopathologically proven patients were 104 (77.33%). The calculated mean age of all the malignant patients was 48.3 ± 14.5 years with a range of 40-79 years. The diagnostic parameters of MRS such as specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) was 74%, 88.2%, 93%, 77.8%, and 93.1% respectively while taking histopathology as a gold standard. Conclusion: MRS must be utilized as a primary imaging technique for the diagnosis of breast lesions malignancy due to its higher specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in breast lumps characterization. MRS was found to be specific 74%, sensitive 88.2%, and accurate 93% in malignant breast cancer diagnosis. Keywords: MRS, Malignant breast lesions, Histopathology

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