scholarly journals An assessment of genetic diversity following natural regeneration of Sorbus torminalis in the Forest District of Jamy (northern Poland)

Dendrobiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Leszek Bednorz ◽  
Łukasz Myczko ◽  
Piotr Kosiński
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
Forest District

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in introduced Douglas-fir and its natural regeneration in Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-544
Author(s):  
Charalambos Neophytou ◽  
Marcela van Loo ◽  
Hubert Hasenauer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract Since its first introduction in the 19th century, Douglas-fir has become the economically most important non-native forest tree species in Central European countries. Many of these planted forests are important seed sources and/or exhibit natural regeneration. Thus, it is important to assess (1) the genetic diversity of the mature stands and (2) if the genetic diversity can be passed on to the next generations. In order to address these issues, we genotyped mature Douglas-fir individuals and natural regeneration from >100 native and non-native populations using nuclear microsatellite markers. We compared the genetic diversity of native North American populations with mature Douglas-fir populations in Central Europe. The results show that genetic diversity did not differ significantly between European populations and the assigned native origin. Using a subset of 36 sites from Central Europe, we detected a significant reduction in the genetic diversity of adult versus naturally regenerated juvenile trees, indicating a bottleneck effect in the next generation of European Douglas-fir stands. The main reason may be that the mature European Douglas-fir stands are highly fragmented and thus the stand size is not adequate for transmitting the genetic diversity to the next generation. This should be taken into account for the commercial harvesting of seed stands. Seed orchards may offer a potential alternative in providing high quality and genetically diverse reproductive material.

METODY PROWADZENIA ODNOWIEŃ NATURALNYCH SOSNY ZWYCZAJNEJ (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) W NADLEŚNICTWIE SKWIERZYNA

2020 ◽  
Vol XIII ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Maciej Hałuszczak
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Basic Method ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Forest District

For many years, the Skwierzyna Forest District has been a leader among 35 units of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Szczecin in terms of the area of the obtained natural regeneration of Scots pine. In the Skwierzyna Forest District in the period 2010-2018, 522.93 ha of natural regeneration was recognized, which constitutes 43% of the total regeneration, the habitat of fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh coniferous forest as optimal for obtaining regeneration of the natural pine. In the spring date of plowing, the forest plow LPz-75 is applied, as the best for obtaining satisfactory self-seeding. The basic method of natural regeneration of pine in the Skwierzyna Forest Inspectorate is the use of a strip-like clear cutting (Ib) in the form of classic narrow sheds, with a cutting width of up to 60 m. It is noteworthy that in the woodcutting the under-eaves undergrowths, arising in forest stands close to the harvest, are left intact and later used within the naturally renovated area.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) natural regeneration compared with their maternal stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Anna Nowakowska ◽  
Tadeusz Zachara ◽  
Agata Konecka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Forest District

Abstract The genetic variability and biodiversity of tree populations ensure the stability and sustainability of forest ecosystems. New research tools based on molecular DNA markers enable precise characterisation of forest genetic resources, i.e. detection of different allele frequencies in mature trees and progeny populations. The paper describes the genetic structure of mature stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Oława Forest District and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) in Jawor Forest District and stands of their respective progeny. In the Scots pine stand, there was a slight increase (0.6%) in heterozygosity level and a larger increase (4.9%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny trees. In the Norway spruce stand, despite a small reduction (0.9%) in heterozygosity, a similar increase (4.6%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny was revealed. In both stands, allele richness and the partition probability of basic clustering were high. Both pine and spruce adults and progeny trees were characterised by high levels of genetic similarity (96% and 79%, respectively). Gene flow between the mature and progeny populations was high (Nm > 1) for both Scots pine and Norway spruce. Conservation of the gene pool within forest tree stands requires an increase in the proportion of natural regeneration. To estimate the extent to which genes are transmitted between adult trees and their progeny, more studies are needed, especially taking into account the influence of silviculture measures, like selective tree cutting, on the genetic variability of the younger generation. These results confirm that the gene pool was conserved when transmitted between the stands studied, as well as highlight the usefulness of such a study for silvicultural purposes

scholarly journals Clonal structure and high genetic diversity at peripheral populations of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jankowska-Wroblewska ◽  
K Meyza ◽  
E Sztupecka ◽  
L Kubera ◽  
J Burczyk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Peripheral Populations ◽  
Clonal Structure ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Structure of The Wild Service Tree (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Bednorz ◽  
Ł Myczko ◽  
P. Kosiński
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Species Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clonal Population ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Wild Service Tree

Abstract Sorbus torminalis is a rare forest tree species in Poland. Allelic and genotypic structures at 25 isozyme gene loci were observed in 20 populations from Poland, situated mainly along a latitudinal gradient. Levels of genetic diversity were high both at the species level (P = 44%, He = 0.435) and within populations (mean P = 40.8%, mean He = 0.373). Levels of differentiation among populations were relatively high (FST = 0.17) and a noticeable geographic structure of this differentiation was detected. The population in the ‘Brekinia’ reserve had a unique genetic structure of a clonal population and was the most distinct from the other populations.

Natürliche und künstliche Verjüngung der Douglasie in Bayern aus genetischer Sicht

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Konnert ◽  
Barbara Fussi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Provenance Trials ◽  
Adult Trees

Genetic aspects related to natural and artificial regeneration of Douglas-fir in Bavaria One of the most important factors when planting Douglas-fir is choosing the most suitable provenance for the site. Under climate change, genetic diversity as the basis for adaptation is of increasing importance. Both aspects, provenance and genetic diversity, have to be considered if natural regeneration of adult stands or planting of new stands are discussed. Numerous provenance trials have proven that the most suitable provenances for Bavaria originate from the coastal region west of the Cascade Mountains in Washington (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii). The interior variety (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca and P. menziesii var. caesia) is unsuitable both because of growth rate and susceptibility to needle cast. However, not only coastal Douglas-fir was planted in Bavaria. Isozyme analysis showed that around 20% of the Bavarian stands represented interior Douglas-fir or a mixture of coastal and interior variety. Through natural regeneration the genetic structure of the adult trees is passed on to the following generation. If gene flow through pollen or seed from neighbouring stands occurs, significant changes in the genetic composition of natural regeneration in comparison with the adult generation will be observed. The same is true for the seed collected from adult stands. This must be taken into consideration when stands are selected as registered seed collection stands. Stands with low genetic diversity and mixture of green and gray variety of Douglas-fir have to be excluded from seed collection. To maintain an appropriate level of genetic diversity in the seed, cones should be collected from at least 20 trees per stand. This should be considered the absolute minimum. Concerning the level of genetic diversity in seed collections from Germany, West Washington (USA) and France (seed orchards), no clear differences were observed.

scholarly journals Spatial Genetic Structure within Populations of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz: Comparative Analysis of the Self-incompatibility Locus and Nuclear Microsatellites

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jankowska-Wroblewska ◽  
Joanna Warmbier ◽  
Jaroslaw Burczyk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Population History ◽  
The Self ◽  
Nuclear Microsatellites ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Sorbus Torminalis ◽  
Incompatibility Locus

AbstractDistribution of genetic diversity among and within plant populations may depend on the mating system and the mechanisms underlying the efficiency of pollen and seed dispersal. In self-incompatible species, negative frequency-dependent selection acting on the self-incompatibility locus is expected to decrease intensity of spatial genetic structure (SGS) and to reduce population differentiation. We investigated two populations (peripheral and more central) of wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis(L.) Crantz), a self-incompatible, scattered tree species to test the differences in population differentiation and spatial genetic structure assessed at the self-incompatibility locus and neutral nuclear microsatellites. Although, both populations exhibited similar levels of genetic diversity regardless of the marker type, significant differentiation was noticed. Differences betweenFSTandRSTsuggested that in the case of microsatellites both mutations and drift were responsible for the observed differentiation level, but in the case of theS-RNaselocus drift played a major role. Microsatellites indicated a similar and significant level of spatial genetic structure in both populations; however, at theS-RNaselocus significant spatial genetic structure was found only in the fragmented population located at the north-eastern species range limits. Differences in SGS between the populations detected at the self-incompatibility locus were attributed mainly to the differences in fragmentation and population history.

scholarly journals The Spring Assessing Method of the Threat of Melolontha spp. grubs for Scots Pine Plantations

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Szmidla ◽  
Monika Małecka ◽  
Miłosz Tkaczyk ◽  
Grzegorz Tarwacki ◽  
Zbigniew Sierota
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Forest Pest ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
Mixed Conifer Forests ◽  
Assessing Method ◽  
Root Feeding ◽  
Forest District

Root-feeding Melolonthinae larvae are a forest pest species in Europe that can exert serious damage. In Poland, they are classified as the most dangerous pest on land dedicated to afforestation and the most serious threat to natural regeneration in the stands. This study was performed in three forest districts in east Poland (Lubartów, Marcule, and Wyszków forest districts) in mixed conifer forests, where the presence of Melolontha spp. grubs was evaluated in autumn and spring of 2012 to 2017, respectively. In spring 2012, 2014, and 2016, consecutively ‘small sawdust pits’ in rows between seedlings were prepared, and in adjacent inter-rows similar control pits without sawdust were marked. In spring and autumn of the following year, sawdust and soil from both types of pits were sieved and Melolonthinae larvae were counted and compared. More grubs were found in sawdust pits in spring than in autumn. In Marcule Forest District (FD) (2014), more grubs were found in inter-rows than in rows with seedlings, when compared to grubs detected using the traditional method of “autumn large pits assessment”, recommended by Polish forest rules. The Melolonthinae population size and location of grubs were related to the weather conditions in the evaluated periods, as well. We conclude that to properly assess the cockchafer threat, it is necessary to perform spring assessment and to search in inter-rows. This could be recommended for decisions on control.

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