Effect of Phacoemulsification on Macular Area Ultrastructure of Age-Related Cataract Patients

1. Cataract is the single major cause of blindness worldwide; however, the reasons for the development of this condition remain unknown. It has been suggested that the essential amino acid tryptophan may be implicated in the aetiology but definitive evidence has been lacking. 2. The serum levels of tryptophan and seven of its metabolites have been measured in both cataract patients and control subjects, after administration of tryptophan, in order to determine the typical response profile and to discover whether differences could be found in tryptophan metabolism in the two groups. 3. Tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan and anthranilic acid were measured by HPLC with dual electrochemical and programmable wavelength fluorescence detection. Fasting cataract patients (n = 42) and control subjects (n = 37) were given an oral dose of l-tryptophan and sera were sampled at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. 4. Statistically significant differences in the distribution of data between the two groups were observed. The responses of kynurenine and 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid were higher in cataract patients, but those of kynurenic acid and total tryptophan were lower than in control subjects. No statistically significant differences in free tryptophan, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid or 5-hydroxytryptophan levels were noted. 5. We conclude that there is a major subgroup of age-related cataract patients with a dysfunction in the metabolism of tryptophan. This may be related to the onset of cataract. The mechanism remains to be established but may operate via the action of tryptophan metabolites, such as 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which become reactive towards protein upon oxidation.

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Power Vector Analysis of Corneal Astigmatism among Chinese over Fifty Years Old: a retrospective cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17216/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yilin Pang ◽

Xiaoguang Cao ◽

Xianru Hou ◽

Li Yuan ◽

Yongzhen Bao

Keyword(s):

Axial Length ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Corneal Astigmatism ◽

Vector Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Cataract Patients

Abstract Background: To investigate the relationship between corneal astigmatism and age, axial length (AL) among Chinese over fifty years old. Methods: This study enrolled 1,082 right eyes of age-related cataract patients over 50 years old in the clinic of Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China. Axial length, magnitude and meridian of anterior corneal astigmatism were measured by IOLMaster. Restricted cubic splines and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to investigate the relationship of the magnitude of cornea astigmatism to age and AL. Power vector analysis method and linear regression analysis were used to assess the relationship of the meridian of astigmatism to age and AL. Results: For this study , mean age, AL, and corneal astigmatism value were 72.45 ±9.28 years, 23.90±1.93mm, and 1.12±0.74D, respectively. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism was 0.75D or higher in 63.8% eyes. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism increased with age after 65 years old. This correlation was statistically significant when AL was between 22.00mm and 26.00mm. The vector value in J 0 was inversely correlated with age. The mean vector value change from with-the-rule (WTR) to against-the-rule (ATR) corneal astigmatism was 0.22D/10 years during 50-65 years old and 0.15D/10 years during 65-85 years old, and was 0.22D/10 years in male and 0.12D/10 years in female, respectively. Conclusions: A large proportion of elderly Chinese cataract patients over 50 years old have corneal astigmatism more than 0.75D . There was a non-linear trend from WTR astigmatism towards ATR astigmatism with age, which was more obvious in elder age and in male. When AL is between 22.00mm and 26.00mm, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism increases with age after 65 years old.

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Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses for age-related cataract patients: a system review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials

Survey of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.02.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 647-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Kai Cao ◽

David S. Friedman ◽

Shanshan Jin ◽

Mayinuer Yusufu ◽

Jingshang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intraocular Lenses ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Age Related ◽

System Review ◽

Cataract Patients

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Ophthalmology: ozone therapy applied to dystrophic maculopathy

Ozone Therapy ◽

10.4081/ozone.2017.6746 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Giorgio Grechi

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Macular Area ◽

Ozone Therapy ◽

Rods And Cones ◽

Age Related ◽

Small Structure ◽

Colloid Cysts ◽

The Brain

The macula, which is the noblest part of the retina, is a very small structure, containing the photoreceptors (rods and cones) responsible for visual acuity. Over the years, observations have confirmed that alterations that modify the optimal state of the eye also give rise to similar diseases in the brain: ischemias, structural circulatory alterations and neurodegeneration. As the body ages, oxidative alterations take place and they change the antioxidant systems that serves as a neurological and ocular defence. In industrialised nations, age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in patients over 55 years of age. Initially, this creates drusen (or colloid cysts) in the macular area.

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Mutational Screening of EFNA5 in Chinese Age-Related Cataract Patients

Ophthalmic Research ◽

10.1159/000363139 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 124-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Qinghong Lin ◽

Nan Zhou ◽

Na Zhang ◽

Yanhua Qi

Keyword(s):

Mutational Screening ◽

Age Related ◽

Cataract Patients

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Evaluating vision-related quality of life in preoperative age-related cataract patients and analyzing its influencing factors in China: a cross-sectional study

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-015-0150-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Min Zhu ◽

Jiaming Yu ◽

Jinsong Zhang ◽

Qichang Yan ◽

Yang Liu

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related ◽

Related Quality ◽

Cataract Patients

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Analysis of Lens Thickness Distribution Based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT)

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/4717996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Xi Feng ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Jianheng Liang ◽

Yali Xu ◽

Julio Ortega-Usobiaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Axial Length ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Biometric Data ◽

Swept Source ◽

Age Related ◽

Cataract Patients

Objective. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of lens thickness (LT) and its associations in age-related cataract patients based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods. This cross-sectional study included 59,726 Chinese age-related cataract patients. Only right-eye data were included in the study. Repeated measures of ocular parameters were performed using an IOL Master 700 device. The distributions of ocular biometric data including anterior chamber depth (ACD), LT, axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), white-to-white (WTW), and mean keratometry (MK) and their associations with age were assessed. The anterior segment (AS) was measured as the sum of CCT, ACD, and LT, while the vitreous chamber depth (VCD) was calculated as the difference between AL and AS. The values of LT : AL, AS : AL, and VCD : AL in different AL groups and their changes are the main outcome measures used to observe the proportion of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Results. Biometric data were available for 59,726 individuals. The mean age was 68.81 years (range = 40–100); 40.62% were male and 59.38% were female. Mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 3.02 ± 0.44 mm, mean LT was 4.51 ± 0.44 mm, mean axial length (AL) was 23.89 ± 1.92 mm, mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 0.53 ± 0.03 mm, mean white-to-white (WTW) was 11.64 ± 0.44 mm, and mean keratometry (MK) was 44.27 ± 1.65 diopter. Female patients had shorter AL, shallower ACD, smaller CCT and WTW, decreased LT, and steeper corneas ( p < 0.005). ACD revealed the strongest negative correlation ( p ≤ 0.001, r = –0.682) with LT. Age ( p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.348) showed a moderate positive correlation, whereas MK ( p ＜ 0.05, r = 0.011), CCT ( p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.041) had a weak positive correlation and WTW ( p ≤ 0.001, r = –0.034) had a weak negative correlation with LT. A nonlinear correlation was found between LT and AL. LT increased with age in both males and females. LT changed variably in eyes with AL less than 27 mm, LT decreased as AL increased, then LT gradually increased as AL increased in extremely long and extra-long eyes ( p ≤ 0.001). LT : AL and AS : AL decreased as AL increased, VCD : AL gradually increased as AL increased in highly myopic eyes, and VCD : AL increased by about 0.01 for every 1 mm increase in AL. Conclusions. Among Chinese age-related cataract patients, we found LT to have the strongest relation with ACD. The lens was thicker in elderly patients and women. The correlation between LT and AL is not a simple negative correlation; with the increase of age, LT decreases first and then increases. The proportion of VCD is constantly rising with the elongation of AL.

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Impact of tobacco use on oxidative stress in cataract

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2382 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 2942-2947

Author(s):

Vaishali S Pawar ◽

Ajit Sontakke

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Nuclear Cataract ◽

User Group ◽

Tobacco User ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cataract Patients

Even today, the leading cause of visual impairment is age related cataract. Among the risk factors for cataract, tobacco is one of the modifiable risk factors. Association between smoking and increased oxidative stress among cataract patients has been shown by some studies. But studies related to smokeless tobacco use are not done. The aim of the study was to estimate oxidative stress by markers like enzymatic antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxiation product Malondialdehyde (MDA) in tobacco user age related cataract (ARC) subjects and compare them with tobacco nonuser age related cataract (ARC) subjects. This cross sectional study was performed in 120 subjects divided into 2 groups – 60 tobacco nonuser age related cataract subjects and 60 tobacco user age related cataract subjects. 60 tobacco user cataract subjects divided into 5 groups - tobacco smokers, tobacco chewers, tobacco mishri users, dual tobacco chewers with mishri users and dual smokers with smokeless tobacco users. Oxidative stress was assessed by estimation of erythrocytic SOD and serum MDA. The study showed that in tobacco user group age of cataract patients was significantly less than tobacco nonuser cataract patients (P<0.05). Serum MDA levels were significantly high and erythrocytic SOD levels were significantly low in tobacco user cataract patients than tobacco nonuser cataract patients (P<0.001). Nuclear cataract was significantly more in tobacco user group (P<0.05). On comparison of subtypes of cataract in tobacco user subgroup, no significant difference was found. These results suggested that age related Cataract occurs at an earlier age in tobacco users due to increased oxidative stress. Also nuclear cataract was significantly associated with tobacco use.

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