scholarly journals Σχολικός εκφοβισμός και θυματοποίηση: Ατομικές και οικογενειακές παράμετροι

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Στέλιος Ν. Γεωργίου ◽  
Φαίδη Φαίδωνος
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Parental Depression ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Parental Style ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Bully Victims ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Transactional Models

The present paper aims at describing the factors that contribute in thedevelopment of bullying and victimization at school. Prior research has identified three distinct groups of children participating in the above phenomenon: bullies, passive victims and aggressive victims (or bully-victims). These groups have different profiles in their intraindividual(personal), as well as their family environments. The most important personal characteristics refer to their temperament, the degree of psycho-pathology issues, gender and age. Further, differences havebeen found in terms of attitudes such as attributions, and in terms of being different in a way that sets the individual apart from a mainstream group. Regarding family parameters, factors such as parentalinvolvement and parental style, as well as parental depression have been shown to be related to child bullying and victimization at school. Among the many explanatory models that have been suggested, verypopular are recently the transactional models, proposing that a bi-directional influence exists between parents and children.

Personal Characteristics and Demographic Factors Associated with Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Children Attending Preschool

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Grøntved ◽  
Grete Skøtt Pedersen ◽  
Lars Bo Andersen ◽  
Peter Lund Kristensen ◽  
Niels Christian Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Total Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Preschool Attendance ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Objectively Measured

Independent associations between personal- and demographic characteristics and physical activity in 3–6 year old children attending preschool were identified in this study. Boys spent a larger proportion of the time on moderate-and-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; p < .001) and had a higher total physical activity level compared with girls (p < .001). The 3–4 year old children spent less time on MVPA and had a lower total physical activity level compared with both 4–5 (p < .01) and 5–6 year old children (p < .001). The individual preschool, gender and age of preschool children were strong predictors of physical activity (R2-total model=(0.36−0.39)) during preschool attendance.

ПРОФЕСІЙНА БЕЗПЕКА ОСОБИСТОСТІ: КАТЕГОРІАЛЬНО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ СТАТУС ФЕНОМЕНУ

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
Ольга Лазорко
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Heterogeneity ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Logical Space ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

У статті представлено понятійні суперечності інтерпретації феномену професійної безпеки особистості та окреслення суб’єктного, системного та синергетичного підходів до його психологічного моделювання. Запропоновано структурно-ієрархічну модель професійної безпеки особистості, у якій виокремлено основні структурні та функціональні характеристики досліджуваного феномену як інтегративної синергетичної системи. Конкретизовано концептуальні позиції та принципи побудови структурно-ієрархічної моделі професійної безпеки особистості. Зазначено центральні суб’єктні, змістові та якісні характеристики особистості фахівця, які відповідають інтерпретаційному змісту суб’єктного, системного та синергетичного підходів. У структурі суб’єктно-особистісних характеристик виокремлено такі підструктури, як спрямованість особистості, проекції життєвого шляху, здібності, темперамент і характер; психічні процеси і стани та досвід суб’єкта. Соціально-особистісні характеристики фахівця визначаються такими параметрами, як сфера функціонування працівника, вікові особливості професійної періодизації та умови праці фахівця. Інтегративні характеристики професійної безпеки особистості є результатаом поєднання суб’єктивно-особистісних та соціально-особистісних властивостей, які логічно вміщуються у простір диференціації якостей людини за параметрами стабільності-мінливості та унікальності-типовості. Перелік обрання психологічних параметрів конкретизує варіанти визначення професійної безпеки особистості як типово-мінливої, типово-стабільної, унікально-мінливої та унікально-стабільної якості особистості. Багатогранність феномену професійної безпеки особистості підтверджена фактом наявності субстрактної і параметричної складності та динамічної неоднорідності станів і етапів його функціонування. The conceptual contradictions of interpretation of phenomenon of professional safety of personality and delineation of subject, systematic and synergetic approach to its psychological modeling are presented. The structural and hierarchical model of professional safety of personality, which singled out the basic structural and functional characteristics of the phenomenon as an integrative synergy system. Concretized conceptual positions and principles of structural and hierarchical model of professional safety of the personality. Shown subjective, content and quality characteristics of the individual specialist that match the content of interpretive subjectivity, systematic and synergetic approach. In the structure of subjective-personal characteristics of such sub-structures are marked as the orientation of the person, the way of life of the projection, the ability, temperament and character, mental processes and states, the experience of the subject. Social and personality expert determined parameters such as the functioning of the employee, the age characteristics of professional and working conditions periodization specialist. Integrative occupational safety characteristics of the individual are the result of combining subjective and personal, social and personal properties which are included in the logical space differentiating qualities of the person in the parameters of stability, variability and uniqueness, typicality. The list specifies the set of psychological parameters of versions for the professional security of the person as a typically-volatile, typically, a stable, unique-volatile and stable quality, unique personality. The many facets of the phenomenon of occupational safety of the person confirming the fact of having substraktnoy and parametric complexity and dynamic heterogeneity of states and stages of its operation.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ mental health concerns, reported with an idiographic assessment tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kristian Tollefsen ◽  
Sabrina Michelle Darrow ◽  
Simon-Peter Neumer ◽  
Turid Suzanne Berg-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Idiographic Assessment ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Adolescents’ self-defined concerns about their mental health are understudied. Yet gaining insight into the individual concerns of this group could be helpful in providing better services to the adolescent population. In this study, an idiographic procedure called Assert was used to increase our knowledge of which concerns are reported by adolescents as the most salient, in a primary mental health care situation. Method 231 unique concerns were reported by 70 adolescents in a primary mental health context in Norway. These concerns were analysed qualitatively by a group of experts, to define categories. The distribution of these categories, and differences in gender and age, were analysed quantitatively. The alleviation experienced on the subjective concerns over the course of counselling was measured. Two linear multilevel models were analysed, to examine whether alleviation on self-defined concerns, as measured with Assert, differed-based on the main category of the concern or the number of times Assert was used. Results Three main categories of concerns emerged, related to (1) Self, (2) Relationships and (3) Life domains; as well as nine sub-categories: (1a) Autonomy, (1b) Mental health, (1c) Somatic health, (2a) Improving of relationships, (2b) Feeling safe from people around them, (2c) Taking responsibility for others, (3a) School, (3b) Work and (3c) Spare time. Girls reported fewer Life domain concerns than boys. Younger adolescents (12–16) more frequently reported no Self concerns, and older adolescents (17–23) more frequently reported no Relationship concerns. The adolescents felt less bothered by their subjective concerns after counselling, and there were some differences in alleviation depending on the category of concern. Conclusions The adolescents defined their own concerns at the start of counselling and were less troubled by these concerns after counselling. The content of the concerns might suggest that these adolescents experienced a need to improve across several arenas: personal, relational and academic. Research to extend the current study, to understand individual adolescent concerns, should include contextual and social factors and personal characteristics—and explore how counselling interventions can best help alleviate these personal concerns.

The (Mis) Education of Immigrant Children in Today’s America

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Gabriela E. Gui
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Survey Interviews ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Education Classrooms

In today’s America, not every child starts on a level playing field, and very few children move ahead based solely on hard work or talent. Generational poverty and a lack of cultural capital hold many students back, robbing them of the opportunity to move up professionally and socially. Children of immigrants are especially at-risk because, in addition to facing poverty, race, geographical location or economic disadvantages, they are also confronted with failure due to their limited or non-existent English proficiency. This study focuses on the degree to which teachers in a mid-sized urban school district take into consideration the individual needs of immigrant children in the process of their education. The study also examines the preparation teachers have had to equip them with knowledge of best practices in teaching immigrant children, and the relationship between teachers’ practices, beliefs, and their demographic and personal characteristics (age, gender, years of experience, level of education, etc.). Quantitative data was collected via a survey. Interviews with teachers and one central office administrator provided data for the qualitative section of the study. The findings revealed that teachers, in general, appeared to lack knowledge of specific policies for mainstreaming immigrant students into general education classrooms; their use of effective teaching practices for working with immigrant children were limited; and most of the teachers had not participated actively in professional development that focused on teaching immigrant children.

A Handbook to Eddic Poetry: Myths and Legends of Early Scandinavia, ed. Carolyne Larrington, Judy Quinn, and Brittany Schorn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016, xii, 413 pp., 12 b/w ill.

Mediaevistik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Old Norse ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Made In ◽  
Scandinavian Literature

Eddic poetry constitutes one of the most important genres in Old Norse or Scandinavian literature and has been studied since the earliest time of modern-day philology. The progress we have made in that field is impressive, considering the many excellent editions and translations, not to mention the countless critical studies in monographs and articles. Nevertheless, there is always a great need to revisit, to summarize, to review, and to digest the knowledge gained so far. The present handbook intends to address all those goals and does so, to spell it out right away, exceedingly well. But in contrast to traditional concepts, the individual contributions constitute fully developed critical article, each with a specialized topic elucidating it as comprehensively as possible, and concluding with a section of notes. Those are kept very brief, but the volume rounds it all off with an inclusive, comprehensive bibliography. And there is also a very useful index at the end. At the beginning, we find, following the table of contents, a list of the contributors, unfortunately without emails, a list of translations and abbreviations of the titles of Eddic poems in the Codex Regius and then elsewhere, and a very insightful and pleasant introduction by Carolyne Larrington. She briefly introduces the genre and then summarizes the essential points made by the individual authors. The entire volume is based on the Eddic Network established by the three editors in 2012, and on two workshops held at St. John’s College, Oxford in 2013 and 2014.

Individuality and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Zavatta
Keyword(s):  
Moral Autonomy ◽  
First Line ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulative Ideal ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on an analysis of the marginal markings and annotations Nietzsche made to the works of Emerson in his personal library, the book offers a philosophical interpretation of the impact on Nietzsche’s thought of his reading of these works, a reading that began when he was a schoolboy and extended to the final years of his conscious life. The many ideas and sources of inspiration that Nietzsche drew from Emerson can be organized in terms of two main lines of thought. The first line leads in the direction of the development of the individual personality, that is, the achievement of critical thinking, moral autonomy, and original self-expression. The second line of thought is the overcoming of individuality: that is to say, the need to transcend one’s own individual—and thus by definition limited—view of the world by continually confronting and engaging with visions different from one’s own and by putting into question and debating one’s own values and certainties. The image of the strong personality that Nietzsche forms thanks to his reading of Emerson ultimately takes on the appearance of a nomadic subject who is continually passing out of themselves—that is to say, abandoning their own positions and convictions—so as to undergo a constant process of evolution. In other words, the formation of the individual personality takes on the form of a regulative ideal: a goal that can never be said to have been definitively and once and for all attained.

scholarly journals Entangling Lattice-Trapped Bosons with a Free Impurity: Impact on Stationary and Dynamical Properties

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Maxim Pyzh ◽  
Kevin Keiler ◽  
Simeon I. Mistakidis ◽  
Peter Schmelcher
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Tunneling Dynamics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trapped Bosons

We address the interplay of few lattice trapped bosons interacting with an impurity atom in a box potential. For the ground state, a classification is performed based on the fidelity allowing to quantify the susceptibility of the composite system to structural changes due to the intercomponent coupling. We analyze the overall response at the many-body level and contrast it to the single-particle level. By inspecting different entropy measures we capture the degree of entanglement and intraspecies correlations for a wide range of intra- and intercomponent interactions and lattice depths. We also spatially resolve the imprint of the entanglement on the one- and two-body density distributions showcasing that it accelerates the phase separation process or acts against spatial localization for repulsive and attractive intercomponent interactions, respectively. The many-body effects on the tunneling dynamics of the individual components, resulting from their counterflow, are also discussed. The tunneling period of the impurity is very sensitive to the value of the impurity-medium coupling due to its effective dressing by the few-body medium. Our work provides implications for engineering localized structures in correlated impurity settings using species selective optical potentials.

scholarly journals Children’s ability to edit their memories when learning about the environment from credible and noncredible websites

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim P. Roberts ◽  
Katherine R. Wood ◽  
Breanne E. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Website Content

AbstractOne of the many sources of information easily available to children is the internet and the millions of websites providing accurate, and sometimes inaccurate, information. In the current investigation, we examined children’s ability to use credibility information about websites when learning about environmental sustainability. In two studies, children studied two different websites and were tested on what they had learned a week later using a multiple-choice test containing both website items and new distracters. Children were given either no information about the websites or were told that one of the websites (the noncredible website) contained errors and they should not use any information from that website to answer the test. In both studies, children aged 7- to 9-years reported information from the noncredible website even when instructed not to, whereas the 10- to 12-year-olds used the credibility warning to ‘edit out’ information that they had learned from the noncredible website. In Study 2, there was an indication that the older children spontaneously assessed the credibility of the website if credibility markers were made explicit. A plausible explanation is that, although children remembered information from the websites, they needed explicit instruction to bind the website content with the relevant source (the individual websites). The results have implications for children’s learning in an open-access, digital age where information comes from many sources, credible and noncredible. Education in credibility evaluation may enable children to be critical consumers of information thereby resisting misinformation provided through public sources.

scholarly journals Emergence of protocellular growth laws

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1486) ◽  
pp. 1841-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Rocheleau ◽  
Steen Rasmussen ◽  
Peter E Nielsen ◽  
Martin N Jacobi ◽  
Hans Ziock
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Product Inhibition ◽  
Replication Process ◽  
Gene Replication ◽  
Math Biol ◽  
Curr Opin Cell Biol ◽  
Growth Laws ◽  
Internal Gene ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

Template-directed replication is known to obey a parabolic growth law due to product inhibition (Sievers & Von Kiedrowski 1994 Nature 369 , 221; Lee et al . 1996 Nature 382 , 525; Varga & Szathmáry 1997 Bull. Math. Biol . 59 , 1145). We investigate a template-directed replication with a coupled template catalysed lipid aggregate production as a model of a minimal protocell and show analytically that the autocatalytic template–container feedback ensures balanced exponential replication kinetics; both the genes and the container grow exponentially with the same exponent. The parabolic gene replication does not limit the protocellular growth, and a detailed stoichiometric control of the individual protocell components is not necessary to ensure a balanced gene–container growth as conjectured by various authors (Gánti 2004 Chemoton theory ). Our analysis also suggests that the exponential growth of most modern biological systems emerges from the inherent spatial quality of the container replication process as we show analytically how the internal gene and metabolic kinetics determine the cell population's generation time and not the growth law (Burdett & Kirkwood 1983 J. Theor. Biol . 103 , 11–20; Novak et al . 1998 Biophys. Chem . 72 , 185–200; Tyson et al . 2003 Curr. Opin. Cell Biol . 15 , 221–231). Previous extensive replication reaction kinetic studies have mainly focused on template replication and have not included a coupling to metabolic container dynamics (Stadler et al . 2000 Bull. Math. Biol . 62 , 1061–1086; Stadler & Stadler 2003 Adv. Comp. Syst . 6 , 47). The reported results extend these investigations. Finally, the coordinated exponential gene–container growth law stemming from catalysis is an encouraging circumstance for the many experimental groups currently engaged in assembling self-replicating minimal artificial cells (Szostak 2001 et al . Nature 409 , 387–390; Pohorille & Deamer 2002 Trends Biotech . 20 123–128; Rasmussen et al . 2004 Science 303 , 963–965; Szathmáry 2005 Nature 433 , 469–470; Luisi et al . 2006 Naturwissenschaften 93 , 1–13). 1

scholarly journals Property and Organization Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bencherki ◽  
Alaric Bourgoin
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Crack Open ◽  
Legal Definition ◽  
The Many ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
The Individual

Property is pervasive, and yet we organization scholars rarely discuss it. When we do, we think of it as a black-boxed concept to explain other phenomena, rather than studying it in its own right. This may be because organization scholars tend to limit their understanding of property to its legal definition, and emphasize control and exclusion as its defining criteria. This essay wishes to crack open the black box of property and explore the many ways in which possessive relations are established. They are achieved through work, take place as we make sense of signs, are invoked into existence in our speech acts, and travel along sociomaterial networks. Through a fictionalized account of a photographic exhibition, we show that property overflows its usual legal-economic definition. Building on the case of the photographic exhibit, we show that recognizing the diversity of property changes our rapport with organization studies as a field, by unifying its approaches to the individual-vs.-collective dilemma. We conclude by noting that if theories can make a difference, then whoever controls the assignment of property – including academics who ascribe properties to their objects of study – decides not only who has or who owns what, but also who or what that person or thing can be.

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