scholarly journals Public-Private Partnerships in statutory pension systems: A new interaction between the public and the private sectors

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Angelos Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Swedish Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

<p>The article argues that not every publicprivate partnership on the field of pensions is considered to be positive per se; the decisive criterion is the institutional framework within which such a partnership is being realized. The factor that causes them to differ is the  adequacy of the rules materializing a partnership as such. This explains why our main point of interest focuses upon the respective regulative aspects and the necessary/ consequent statutory guarantees. Taking this as our starting point, the Swedish model constitutes an example of good practice. The Swedish version of the public-private partnership in the statutory pension system appears as the best solution for specific sorts of systems, such as the individual accounts. In being transparent, guaranteeing prudent investments and in offering the minimum possible cost for employees, it embodies a wide range of advantages.</p>

Wie hat sich die intragenerationale Umverteilung in der staatlichen Säule des Rentensystems verändert? / Has Intragenerational Redistribution Become Less Important in Pension Systems’ Public Pillar?

2011 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Krieger ◽  
Stefan Traub
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Notional Defined Contribution ◽  
International Convergence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Beta Convergence

SummaryWe empirically investigate whether the significance of intragenerational redistribution in the public pillar of pension systems in 20 OECD countries has changed systematically since the 1980s and whether international convergence of the degree of intragenerational redistribution can be observed. Intragenerational redistribution is measured by the Bismarckian factor which provides information about the relative importance of the earnings-benefit link in the pension formula (as compared to a flat-benefit Beveridgean pension system). Based on micro data from the Luxembourg Income Study, we find both, a trend towards (more Bismarckian) pension systems which obey the principle of participation equivalence and an international convergence of pension systems. The reduced variation of pension systems (sigma convergence) is driven by countries with a high degree of intragenerational redistribution catching up with more traditional Bismarckian countries (beta convergence). Both, fundamental pension reforms as Sweden’s and Italy’s move to „notional defined contribution‘‘ systems, and parametric reforms ranging from the removal of group-specific benefits to alternative calculations of contribution history, such as changing from „best years‘‘ to the entire worklife, underlie this development.

scholarly journals HANNAH ARENDT’S “POLITICAL BEINGS” AS A REPRESENTATION OF POLITICAL EXISTENTIALISM FOR HUMANS EXISTING IN THE WORLD

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Ray Lienardy ◽  
Rendi Lustanto ◽  
Ganang Dwi Kartika
Keyword(s):  
Political Systems ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Idea ◽  
Vita Activa ◽  
The Individual

Discussions in politics often focus on a broad range of political systems or political movements. This focus leads to the efforts to direct the public to the conversation of "Politics" in the sense of a system and it overlooks the fact that politics is built on the crystallization of ideas from individuals who interpret the condition of togetherness in the world. The interpretation is very important because it is the starting point for political discourse to grow and develop, which is often referred to as individual’s "political" struggle. The struggle involves a conversation between me and myself which is later embodied into an individual political idea. The effort to uncover the importance of "politics" within the framework of individual struggle becomes very important when the discourse provided by "Politics" reaches an impasse. This condition gives an impact on the quality of "Politics" that can cause a significant decline, that is "Politics" is not interpreted to achieve justice but only as a means of pursuing mere interests. This study applies qualitative methods based on theoretical and literary studies on Hannah Arendt’s existentialism, namely Vita Activa theory. The expected result of this study is to reconstruct the political concepts on the individual level that are necessary for human beings to be in the world.

scholarly journals Reform of Healthcare and Pension Systems in Chile (Conclusions for Poland)

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Ryszar Piasecki
Keyword(s):  
Health Reform ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Public Pension System ◽  
The World ◽  
State Subsidies

Health reform in Chile attemps to improve healthcare of the citizens. The authorities of the country managed to combine both the private (ISAPRE) and public systems FONASA). The biggest success was the creation of AUGE (state subsidies for 66 diseases). The unsolved problems are as follows: long waiting lists and shortages of beds in public hospitals, shortage of medical doctors and specialists. As far as the pension reform is concerned Chile was the first state in the world which in 1981 totally privatized the public pension system. Unfortunately, the fruit of changes in Chile is less optimistic (extremely low pensions) than it was initially assumed. According to specialists the only chance for a correct work of the pension system is introduction of the system which would combine two forms, i.e. a state intergenerational agreement and capital system.

Insurance Against Longevity Risk in a Pension System the Case Study of Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-309
Author(s):  
Marek Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Longevity Risk ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Retirement System ◽  
Pension Schemes

Life expectancy has been rapidly increasing and remains uncertain in all OECD countries, including Poland. One of the many economic and social consequences of this process is the increase of the longevity risk in social security systems. This article focuses on the issues of managing longevity risk in the pension system in Poland, in particular - the construction of public and supplementary pension systems and its ability to adapt to the challenges associated with longevity risk. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of public structures and supplementary pension schemes in the phase of payment of benefits (decumulation). The research work, of which the results are presented in the article, is based on literature studies, comparative analysis, statistical analysis; as well as descriptive and explanatory methods. Also, a model of the two stages of pension risk created by T. Szumlicz has been used. The author argues that both the public pension systems as well as the supplementary pension schemes in Poland do not secure adequate protection against the risk of longevity. While in the public retirement system, the aggregate longevity risk exists, and the participants of additional pension systems are exposed to individual longevity risk. The limitation of these risks requires significant structural changes both in the public and in the additional pension schemes in Poland. 

Political support for reforms of the pension system: two experiments

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA FONTOURA GOUVEIA
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Pension System ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
The Individual

AbstractWe conduct two randomized control trials designed to understand the role of information and priming on the willingness to retrench the pension system. The first entails a survey to a sample of Portuguese voters, who are randomly presented with a text providing factual information about the public pension system. The second surveys a sample of Portuguese University students, randomly presented with an alternative order of questions. We show that more literacy on the pension system has a positive impact on the individual willingness to support reforms. Given that public opinion is usually seen as an important deterrent of effective action by politicians and that the level of voters’ literacy can be influenced by policy action, this analysis may provide useful insights to policy makers faced with the challenge of reforming existent pension systems. Our analysis also suggests that priming effects should not be ignored, given their impact in individuals in the extremes of the political spectrum.

scholarly journals Thinking in Vertical: A Practical Application of the Two-Stage Pension System in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9928
Author(s):  
Pierre Devolder ◽  
Inmaculada Domínguez-Fabián
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Current System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The One ◽  
Sustainability Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Public pay-as-you-go pension systems are affected by sustainability problems due to the increasing longevity of the population. These problems come to light when there is unsustainable growth in pension expenditure in relation to GDP. The usual arrangement is for public systems to be complemented by private systems that provide a lifetime annuity paid alongside the public pension. This approach, which is horizontal in its way of thinking, is the one that all countries apply; in it, we can expect to find lifetime annuities, which are expensive because they have to take increasing longevity into account, as well as sustainability problems in the public accounts. Therefore, in this paper, we put forward a system that maintains the complementarity between private and public, but considers it from a vertical point of view. By this, we mean that over a certain period of time, the private system would provide the pension in the form of a temporary income, without the need to consider such a high longevity risk, and then in the following period, the public system would take over. We apply the model to Spain, one of the countries whose pension systems are most affected by problems of sustainability, and observe a decrease in the relationship between pension expenditure and GDP using this two-stage model as opposed to the current system, for the period 2025–2068. This decrease can be achieved without decrease of benefits, change in the retirement age or increase of the contribution level.

Adaptation options to reduce climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Austrian Alps

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert Seidl ◽  
Werner Rammer ◽  
Manfred J. Lexer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adaptation Options

Sustaining forest ecosystem functions and services under climate change is a major challenge for forest management. While conceptual advances of adapting coupled social–ecological systems to environmental changes have been made recently, good practice examples at the operational level still remain rare. The current study presents the development of adaptation options for 164 550 ha of commercial forests under the stewardship of the Austrian Federal Forests (AFF). We used a comprehensive vulnerability assessment as analysis framework, employing ecosystem modeling and multicriteria decision analysis in a participatory approach with forest planers of the AFF. An assessment of the vulnerability of multiple ecosystem goods and services under current management served as the starting point for the development of adaptation options. Measures found to successfully reduce vulnerability include the promotion of mixed stands of species well adapted to emerging environmental conditions, silvicultural techniques fostering complexity, and increased management intensity. Assessment results for a wide range of site and stand conditions, stand treatment programs, and future climate scenarios were used to condense robust recommendations for adapting the management guidelines currently used by AFF practitioners. Overall, our results highlight the importance of timely adaptation to sustain forest goods and services and document the respective potential of silvicultural measures.

scholarly journals Looking back and going forward: The concept of the public in public relations theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Magda Pieczka
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
The Public ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Situational Theory Of Publics ◽  
Public Relations Theory

This article examines the development of the public as a foundational concept in public relations theory. It provides an overview of the way in which public relations has understood the term as referring to two distinct phenomena of a public and the public. The article approaches public relations theory as unfolding of a narrative identity of public relations. The discussion subsequently reaches to the work of Michael Warner and Judith Butler to consider the limitations and implications of the situational theory of publics and the deliberativist approach to the public derived from the work of John Dewey and Jürgen Habermas. In its final sections, the article redefines the public as a family of three distinct, but at times, overlapping terms: an audience as a public of shared spaces, a self-organized public of shared attention, and the public as a political and social imaginary. This article argues for the need to adopt the performative approach to the public in order to tackle some of the biases in public relations theory. It also suggest the PESO model of communication a useful starting point to create a more complex understanding of the formation of the public (in all three senses) in relation to processes of co-creation and circulation of a wide range of texts.

scholarly journals #CroakeyGO: Walking as an act of journalism to engage not distance the public in health reporting

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Williams ◽  
M Sweet ◽  
R Armstrong ◽  
M McInerney ◽  
M Ward
Keyword(s):  
Health Planning ◽  
Health Reporting ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Regional Australia

Abstract Health as it is reported in mainstream media is narrow and communities are often excluded, despite being where the experience of health occurs. A wide range of research indicates that it is through narratives of community members that media and health messages are best conveyed, and community members now have a range of platforms for quickly conveying information to each other and the media. However, there have been surprisingly few innovations for journalists to use this material, or to better connect with the public and report more accurately about health. Our experience across several journalism projects demonstrates how quickly and deeply health content can be developed in collaboration with communities. One example is #CroakeyGO - an innovation in public interest journalism that gathers, walks and talks with community members together at a defined time and location about health-related matters. #CroakeyGO brings together diverse voices from local communities - people who might otherwise not connect. This stimulates discussion about health issues beyond the individual, including system- and environmental-level issues that impact local lives. #CroakeyGO also means respecting Indigenous peoples' connection to Country on which we walk and reflecting on intergenerational inequities and solutions Indigenous knowledges offer. To date we have published more than 40 articles from #CroakeyGO events around metropolitan and regional Australia. We have collaboratively produced social media and other editorial content with community members and stimulated enduring networks for health planning, advocacy and research. #CroakeyGO reinforces that improving health in a community requires more than just additional services, and that transformations in journalism can facilitate and support rather than hinder collective action. Key messages Innovations in journalism are required and possible to improve health reporting. Communities are willing to engage in health reporting.

scholarly journals Fondová schémata jako možná řešení finanční udržitelnosti dánského penzijního systému

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Jan Pokorný ◽  
Pavlína Hejduková
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
The World Bank

The financial sustainability of pension systems is one of the crucial topics in the context of population aging. The issue of financial sustainability is primarily associated with public unfunded pension schemes, where there is an increase in future expenditures and a reduction in income due to the demographic structure. A possible solution to this problem is represented by the introduction of fund schemes into the design of the pension system which is recommended by the World Bank. But it brings certain risks for pension systems. An example of the implementation is Denmark, where the public fund scheme ATP exists in the first pillar and the second pillar is funded and managed by private companies. The aim of this paper is to present the Danish pension system with a focus on fund schemes and their differences with emphasis on management. This paper uses a literature review and analysis of quantitative data in the form of a time series. Data are used from Stat Bank and Forsikring & Pension. Next, the synthesis method is used to summarize the findings. The conclusions of the paper provide a basic overview of Danish pension fund schemes and can be an inspiration for possible reforms of pension systems in other countries.

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