scholarly journals Mursamacin: a novel class of antibiotics from soil-dwelling roundworms of Central Kenya that inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2431
Author(s):  
Ryan Musumba Awori ◽  
Peter Njenga Ng'ang'a ◽  
Lorine Nanjala Nyongesa ◽  
Nelson Onzere Amugune ◽  
Daniel Masiga
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds ◽  
Central Kenya

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, also called “superbugs”, can at worst retrogress modern medicine to an era where even sore throats resulted in death. A solution is the development of novel types of antibiotics from untapped natural sources. Yet, no new class of antibiotic has been developed in clinical medicine in the last 30 years. Here, bacteria from insect-killing Steinernema roundworms found in the soils of Central Kenya were isolated and subjected to specific molecular identification. These were then assayed for production of antibiotic compounds with potential to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. The bacteria were identified as Xenorhabdus griffiniae and produced cell free supernatants that inhibited S. aureus. Fermenting the bacteria for 4 days yielded a heat stable anti-staphylococcal class of compounds that at low concentrations also inhibited methicillin-resistant S. aureus. This class contained two major compounds whose identity remains unknown. Thus X. griffinae isolated from Steinernema roundworms in Kenya have antimicrobial potential and may herald novel and newly sourced potential medicines for treatment of the world’s most prevalent antibiotic resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Mursamacin: a novel class of antibiotics from soil-dwelling roundworms of Central Kenya that inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Musumba Awori ◽  
Peter Njenga Ng'ang'a ◽  
Lorine Nanjala Nyongesa ◽  
Nelson Onzere Amugune
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds ◽  
Central Kenya

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, also called “superbugs”, can at worst retrogress modern medicine to an era where even sore throats resulted in death. A solution is the development of novel types of antibiotics from untapped natural sources. Yet, no new class of antibiotic has been developed in clinical medicine in the last 30 years. Here, bacteria from insect-killingSteinernemaroundworms in the soils of Central Kenya were isolated and subjected to specific molecular identification. These were then assayed for production of antibiotic compounds with potential to treat methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusinfections. The bacteria were identified asXenorhabdus griffiniaeand produced cell free supernatants that inhibitedS. aureus. Fermenting the bacteria for 4 days yielded a heat stable anti-staphylococcal class of compounds that at low concentrations also inhibited methicillin-resistantS. aureus. This class contained two major compounds whose identity remains unknown. ThusX. griffinaeisolated fromSteinernemaroundworms in Kenya have antimicrobial potential and may herald novel and newly sourced potential medicines for treatment of the world’s most prevalent antibiotic resistant bacteria.

The impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on ENT practice

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 713-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
I J Nixon ◽  
B J G Bingham
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The Impact

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasingly common and present a major problem for the modern day ENT surgeon. This article reviews the development of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and how it has come to affect ENT practice. We look at the evidence behind measures taken to help deal with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to prevent its spread. We go on to suggest a departmental guideline for infection control, which we hope can be implemented to help deal with the problems created by MRSA.

Particle-based immunochemical separation of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with indirect electrochemical detection of labeling oligonucleotides

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 5123-5128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cihalova ◽  
D. Hegerova ◽  
S. Dostalova ◽  
P. Jelinkova ◽  
L. Krejcova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Timely Treatment

Early detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing inflammation in patients is a key for an appropriate and timely treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of a rifampicin pre-treatment on linezolid pharmacokinetics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiyasu Okazaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Tsuji ◽  
Yoshihiro Seto ◽  
Chika Ogami ◽  
Yoshihiro Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microsomal Enzymes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractLinezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic that effectively treats methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). Since rifampicin induces other antibiotic effects, it is combined with linezolid in therapeutic regimes. However, linezolid blood concentrations are reduced by this combination, which increases the risk of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We herein demonstrated that the combination of linezolid with rifampicin inhibited its absorption and promoted its elimination, but not through microsomal enzymes. Our results indicate that the combination of linezolid with rifampicin reduces linezolid blood concentrations via metabolic enzymes.

Chlorhexidine Resistance in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated From the Surfaces of Dispensers of Soap Containing Chlorhexidine

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Brooks ◽  
Mary A. Walczak ◽  
Rizwanullah Hameed ◽  
Patrick Coonan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

AbstractBacterial contamination with pan-resistant Acinetobacter and Klebsiella, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was noted on the surfaces of dispensers of hand soap with 2% chlorhexidine. Gram-negative isolates could multiply in the presence of 1% chlorhexidine. In contrast, MRSA was inhibited in vitro by chlorhexidine at concentrations as low as 0.0019%.

Tolerability of a probiotic in subjects with a history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Warrack ◽  
P. Panjikar ◽  
M. Duster ◽  
N. Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogen of major public health importance. Colonisation precedes infection; thus reducing MRSA carriage may be of benefit for reducing infection. Probiotics represent a novel approach to reducing MRSA carriage. We undertook a pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial of the tolerability and acceptability of probiotics for reducing nasal and intestinal carriage of MRSA. In addition, subjects were screened for vancomycin-resistant enterocococci (VRE). Subjects with a history of MRSA were recruited from a large, academic medical center and randomised to take either a placebo or probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001). Subjects returned to the clinic after four weeks for further testing to determine adherence to the probiotic regimen and colonisation of MRSA. 48 subjects were enrolled and randomised. Nearly 25% were transplant recipients and 30% had diabetes. The probiotic was well tolerated in the study population though minor side effects, such as nausea and bloating, were observed. A majority of the subjects randomised to HN001 had good adherence to the regimen. At the four week time point among subjects randomised to the probiotic, MRSA was detected in 67 and 50% of subjects colonised in the nares and the gastrointestinal tract, respectively. Three subjects who initially tested positive for VRE were negative after four weeks of probiotic exposure. Probiotics were well tolerated in our study population of largely immunocompromised subjects with multiple comorbidities. Adherence to the intervention was good. Probiotics should be studied further for their potential to reduce colonisation by multidrug resistant bacteria.

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria: A Challenge to Modern Medicine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadhana Sagar ◽  
Shilpa Kaistha ◽  
Amar Jyoti Das ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

scholarly journals Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria detection by combining surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and deep learning techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Uysal Ciloglu ◽  
Abdullah Caliskan ◽  
Ayse Mine Saridag ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Kilic ◽  
Mahmut Tokmakci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

AbstractOver the past year, the world's attention has focused on combating COVID-19 disease, but the other threat waiting at the door—antimicrobial resistance should not be forgotten. Although making the diagnosis rapidly and accurately is crucial in preventing antibiotic resistance development, bacterial identification techniques include some challenging processes. To address this challenge, we proposed a deep neural network (DNN) that can discriminate antibiotic-resistant bacteria using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Stacked autoencoder (SAE)-based DNN was used for the rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) bacteria using a label-free SERS technique. The performance of the DNN was compared with traditional classifiers. Since the SERS technique provides high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data, some subtle differences were found between MRSA and MSSA in relative band intensities. SAE-based DNN can learn features from raw data and classify them with an accuracy of 97.66%. Moreover, the model discriminates bacteria with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99. Compared to traditional classifiers, SAE-based DNN was found superior in accuracy and AUC values. The obtained results are also supported by statistical analysis. These results demonstrate that deep learning has great potential to characterize and detect antibiotic-resistant bacteria by using SERS spectral data.

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