POTATO PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT GROUPS OF RIPENESS, DEPENDING ON METHODS OF AGRO-MACHINERY CULTIVATION ON GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA STEPPE

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Чекмарев ◽  
Petr Chekmarev ◽  
Гареев ◽  
Ilgiz Gareev ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Realization of the potential yield of potatoes at the level of 30-40 t / ha of tubers in a forest of the Middle Volga is only possible when using high-yielding varieties for planting, as well as science-based agricultural technology of their cultivation. We examined the role of area and balance of mineral nutrition in the formation of the potato harvest of two maturity groups: early maturing Vineta and medium-maturing Kurazh on gray forest soils. In the course of our research we found that these varieties are highly productive and to create optimal conditions for the background and the area of power plants in the Middle Volga steppe realizes its potential productivity. The possibility of producing tuber crop varieties was determined: Vineta 30-35 ton per hectare, Courage - 35-40 tons per hectart.

Agroecological assessment of new varieties of potatoes in the middle Volga steppe

10.12737/1359 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимиров ◽  
Sergey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Yields

The implementation of potato potential yield (30-40 tons per hectare) in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga is possible with the introduction of highly adapted varieties, the use of evidence-based farming cultivation. The authors studied the efficiency of promising new varieties of potatoes on gray forest soils in the Republic of Tatarstan. It was founded that when treating by calculated dozes of fertilizer potatoes of Rozhdestvenskiy, Impala, Sprint, Feloks, Red Skarlet varieties on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe on average for three years the planned harvest tubers 40 or more tons per hectare was formed. The yield of Aroza, Nevskiy, Adretta varieties was 36,51-37,30 tons per hectare. In the more favorable moisture 2009 year, the high yields of tubers were formed by varieties: early-maturing Impala (58.35 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (57.02 tons per hectare), Feloks (55.83 tons per hectare), middle-maturing Adretta (57,22 tons per hectare), Rozhdestvenskiy (56.13 tons per hectare). In drought 2010 year, in the application of irrigation higher yields of tubers formed early-maturing varieties: Sprint (21.52 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (21.06 tons per hectare), Impala (20.59 tons per hectare) and Aroza (20.53 tons per hectare) and middle-maturing variety Nevskiy (21.74 tons per hectare). Less yields in 2010 were such varieties as Adretta - middle-maturing (14.58 tons per hectare) early-maturing Rokko (13.67 tons per hectare). The difference in yield of these varieties in this year reached 7.16 tons per hectare, the higher yield more than 20 tons per hectare was provided by 5 species of 9 studied (20,53-21,74 tons per hectare).

Efficiency of use of increasing doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on potato in the middle Volga steppe

10.12737/1360 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимиров ◽  
Sergey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Middle Volga

The article titles the role of mineral nutrition in the formation of the potato crop of Aroza variety on gray forest soils. During the research years the highest tuber yield on average was obtained 22.56 tons per hectare while treatment by ZHUSS -1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS -2 for conjunction with foliar fertilizers at a dose N150, P150, K150. The yield increased in this variant to 12.89 tons per hectare. The significant fluctuations in productivity of potato Aroza variety were revealed on gray forest soils due to climatic factors. In 2010 dry year the yield ranged from 7.10 tons per hectare up to 12.10 tons per hectare against 80 tons per hectare of organic fertilizers. In humid provided 2012 year, it amounted up 11.43 tons per hectare to 28.87 tons per hectare in the way of application of ZHUSS-1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS-2 in conjunction with foliar fertilizers at a dose N150, P150, K150. 16.90% of nitrogen, 8.27% of phosphorus and 20.03% of potassium were used from the potato plant soil. The fertilizer, depending on the dose were introduced at the following amount: 43,05-43,74% of nitrogen, 15,68-18,06 % of phosphorus, 70,05-75,26 % of potassium. As for the organic fertilizer, the plants have learned 17,34-20,28% of nitrogen, 15,19-17,38% of phosphorus and 25,68-31,31% of potassium. Despite the increase in costs with increasing doses of fertilizers, the highest net income 73001 rubles per hectare and the level of profitability - 106.65% were obtained at the option of applying ZHUSS -1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS -2 in conjunction with foliar fertilizers in N150, P150, K150 dose . In this version there was the lowest cost - 3034 rubles per ton.

THE INTENSITY OF CARBON UPTAKE BY FIELD CROPS, DEPENDING ON THE CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
The Republic

Carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis and the intensity of this process depends on the solar radiation coming to this territory, the temperature regime, the availability of moisture and batteries. The amount of CO2 absorbed by plants is determined by the accumulated dry biomass or yield. The potential yield of field crops in production conditions is not always achieved. The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on various types of soils with different moisture indicators on the formation of dry biomass by spring durum wheat. Field experiments were carried out on gray forest soils in 2005-2008, which occupy 43.7% of agricultural land in the Republic of Tatarstan and chernozems in 2001-2003, occupying 39.9%. The assimilation of mineral nutrition elements from soil and fertilizers by plants is influenced not only by the type of soil, but also by the availability of productive moisture. In the studies of 1984-1987, the effect of fertilizers and irrigation on the intensity of accumulation of dry biomass by spring durum wheat was studied. The use of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on leached chernozems on average for 1984-1987 increased the accumulation of dry biomass of spring durum wheat by 45.6%, and in combination with irrigation by another 57.4%. In the experiments of 2001-2003, calculated doses of mineral fertilizers increased the accumulation of dry biomass by 20.7% on the chernozems of the Transcamian region of the Republic of Tatarstan, and by 13.6% on the gray forest soils of the Pre-Kama region in 2005-2008

Ways of improving the use of photosynthetically active radiation in potato cultivation in the middle Volga steppe

10.12737/2169 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Владимиров ◽  
Sergey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga

The efficacy of using the calculated doses of fertilizers for upcoming harvests potatoes was studied. As a result of studies of the potato leaf area formation dynamics on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe, its dependence on mineral nutrition level was revealed. Their impact on productivity and quality of potato tubers was identified. The efficacy of calculated doses of fertilizers for upcoming potato harvests were studied. Fertilizing crops by scheduled doses, counted by cash- balance method for upcoming yields of 25-40 tons per hectare, provided the formation of 90,5-98,0% of the target yield. The nitrate content in all versions of the experiment was below the maximum admissible concentration. However, with increasing fertilizers amount, their content was increased in 1,24-1,73 times (without fertilizers - 41 mg / kg of wet weight). As a result of studies of the dynamics of potato leaf area formation on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe, we revealed its dependence on mineral nutrition level. The photosynthetic potential (PP) during the growing season of potato Udacha, was in the first version without fertilizers 2.173, the second 2.520, in the third 2.910, fourth 3.196 and fifth 3.575 million square meter per hectare * days, i.e. with an increase in fertilization rates, the photosynthetic potential increased accordingly to 0.347-1.402 million units, for every thousand units of photosynthetic potential we obtained from 7.2 to 10.8 kg potato tubers. A starch content varied from a few of fertilizers. The maximum starch content (14 %) was obtained in the second way, calculated on the tuber yield of 25 tons per hectare. A further increase in the background was led to some of its decline.

scholarly journals Prediction of potential and attainable yield of wheat : A case study on yield gap

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
R. K. MALL ◽  
M. K. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Attainable Yield

This study reports the role of field experimentation and system simulation in better quantifying the productivity of wheat crop, and examine how knowledge on potential productivity can improve the efficiency of the production system. When knowledge from field experimentation is utilised into crop weather simulation models, gap between actual, attainable and potential yield for a given environment can be determined and opportunities for yield improvement can be assessed. Results show that while actual district average yields show increasing trend, decreasing trend is noticed in potential and attainable yield. While the total and management yield gap is decreasing over time, research yield gap does not show any trend, it is nearly stagnant from early eighties to late nineties. The study reported here presents the advantage of simulation models to determine the yield gap against a variable annual yield potential for a agro-climatic region.

scholarly journals Realization of potential productivity of winter crops in the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Goryanina
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
System A ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Middle Volga

The study of 5 varieties of winter rye, 6 varieties of winter triticale and 2 varieties of winter wheat of winter crops was carried out in the breeding fields of the Samara niish, located in the steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, in the nursery of competitive testing in 2002-2019. For scientific justification, we calculated the potential productivity (Ut), the really possible potential yield (Double p), the really possible maximum yield (Double m), the bioclimatic potential (BCP), and correlation analysis. The purpose of the work: to determine the possible yield of winter crops and propose measures to achieve the data obtained in the arid conditions of the Volga region. In the conducted studies, the maximum yield of triticale was obtained in 2017 – 7.48 t / ha, rye-5.88 t / ha, wheat in 2016-4.65 t / ha. The potential yield, taking into account ?T10°C for the growing season of the crop, for triticale was obtained in 2017 -3.02 t / ha, for winter rye in 2005-6.83 t / ha, for winter wheat in 2005-2.79 t / ha. The variation of the indicator (BCP) over the years reached significantly higher values from 0.62 to 1.16 points for winter rye, from 0.30 to 0.60 for winter triticale and wheat. With rational plant protection from weeds, pests and diseases and optimal plant nutrition, the studied varieties are able to grow intensively in the arid conditions of the Volga region, form a good strong root system, a well-developed conducting stem system, a large ear that can intensively use the flow of heat energy, and consistently provide a yield of 3.0-4.0 t / ha.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER CROPS IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 1004-1015
Author(s):  
Tatiana A GORYANINA
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Middle Volga

The study of winter crop cultivars was carried out in the breeding fields of the Samara Agricultural Research Institute, located in the steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, in the nursery of competitive testing in 2002-2019. For calculations, 5 varieties of winter rye, 6 varieties of winter triticale, and 2 varieties of winter wheat were taken. For scientific justification, the authors calculated the potential productivity (Yp), the actual possible potential yield (Ypp a), the maximum possible potential yield (Ypp m), the bioclimatic potential (BCP), and correlation analysis. The study aims to calculate the possible yield of winter crops to substantiate the data obtained scientifically. In the dry conditions of Bezenchuk, the maximum yield of triticale was obtained in 2017 – 7.48 t/ha, rye – 5.88 t/ha, and in 2016 for wheat – 4.65 t/ha. Potential productivity, taking into account ΣT>10 °C for the vegetation period of the crop, for triticale in 2017, 3.02 t/ha, for winter rye in 2005, 6.83 t/ha, for winter wheat in 2005-2.79 t/ha. The variation of the indicator (BCP) over the years reached significantly higher values from 0.62 to 1.16 points for winter rye, from 0.30 to 0.60 for winter triticale and winter wheat. The trend of the interrelations between yield is observed with the length of the vegetation period, with a set of climatic conditions for the springsummer period. The triticale vegetation duration depends on the precipitation in May and on the set of conditions in June. The winter rye vegetation duration depends on the temperatures during the sowing-germination period and on the sum of active temperatures during vegetation.

USE OF AGRO-RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF GRAY FOREST SOILS OF UPPER VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Winter Cereals

The results of long-term research on the influence of main indicators on their agro-resource potential are summarized on gray forest soils of the upper Volga region. For the conditions of the Vladimir Opolie, the probable yield of biomass and the main products of field crops were calculated at different coefficients ofphotosynthetic active radiation (FAR) use. Calculations of the main product yields are made taking into account the distribution of biomass to by-products and crop-root residues. For field crops of the studied crop rotations, the coefficients of precipitation utilization are estimated. They varied from 44 to 71%, depending on the crop rotation culture. On the slope of the southern exposure when cultivating winter cereals and perennial grasses, the main moisture losses were observed in the spring during snowmelt, when growing spring crops and potatoes, they were close in the autumn and spring periods. The sizes of moisture use by crops depending on the fertilizer systems for the creation of 1 C of grain units (g.u.) and from sub-arable layers are determined. In comparison with the liming background, the use of organic fertilizers reduced the water consumption coefficient from 9.6 to 8.5 mm/C g.u., their combination with a single dose of NPK - up to 7.3, and with a double dose - up to 6.8 mm / C g.u. Based on the amount of moisture used by crops, their possible yields are calculated. In spring crops, the amount of precipitation consumed (326-356 mm) corresponds to the use of 2.7-3% of the FAR and provides 54-60 C/ha of grain, in winter rye and wheat - about 4% of the FAR (yield 71-80 C/ha). In perennial grasses for 2 mowing, the moisture consumed is enough to use about 3% of the FAR., in potatoes -1.5%.

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