scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT AND VARIETY ON PLANTS DAMAGE OF SPRING BY ROOT ROTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Aleksey Balykin ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The article discusses the issues of root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during heading, depending on varietal characteristics and seed dressing in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Margarita, Simbirtsit and Prokhorovka varieties were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three grades: 1. Without treatment (control one). 2. Seed treatment with Benlat. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of lesions by root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during heading are presented. The effect of Nano-Gro in combination with the seed dresser Benlat was also studied. It has been shown that pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with Nano-Gro solution helps to reduce damage by root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during ear formation in spring wheat.

scholarly journals DENSITY OF SEEDING, FIELD SIMILARITY AND STRUCTURE OF SPRING WHEAT CROP, DEPENDING ON VARIETY AND PRESEEP TREATMENT OF SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Georgiy Mefod'ev ◽  
Aleksey Balykin ◽  
Igor Serzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Density Field ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Field Similarity

The article discusses the formation of planting density and spring wheat crop structure depending on varietal characteristics and seed dressing in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Varieties Margarita, Simbirtsit and Prokhorovka were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three grades: 1. Without treatment (control). 2. Seed treatment with Benlat. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of the formation of field germination of seeds, the safety of plants and elements of the structure of the crop are presented. The effect of Nano-Gro in combination with the seed dresser Benlat was also studied. It has been shown that pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with Nano-Gro solution increases the formation of planting density, field germination and the structure of the spring wheat crop (Terekhov MB, 2000; Kodanev I.M., 1984; Makarova V.M., 1995; Shashkarov L.G., 2018; Tolstova S.L., 2018; Aleksandrova A.N. 2018). The formation of highly productive crops is influenced by field germination of seeds. At least 400-500 plants per 1 m2 should be considered the optimal density of seedlings of grain crops in the Chuvash Republic with a sowing rate of 6 million germinating grains per 1 ha, and field germination of 70-80% is achieved (Kodanev I.M., 1984). In our studies, the density of seedlings and field germination of seeds depended on both varietal characteristics and meteorological conditions that developed during the sowing - seedlings.

scholarly journals DENSITY OF SEEDING, FIELD SIMILARITY AND STRUCTURE OF SPRING WHEAT CROP, DEPENDING ON VARIETY AND PRESEEP TREATMENT OF SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Georgiy Mefod'ev ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Marina Yakovleva ◽  
Leonid Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Density Field ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Field Similarity

The article discusses the formation of planting density and spring wheat crop structure depending on varietal characteristics and seed dressing in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Varieties Margarita, Simbirtsit and Prokhorovka were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three grades: 1. Without treatment (control). 2. Seed treatment with Benlat. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of the formation of field germination of seeds, the safety of plants and elements of the structure of the crop are presented. The effect of Nano-Gro in combination with the seed dresser Benlat was also studied. It has been shown that pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with Nano-Gro solution increases the formation of planting density, field germination and the structure of the spring wheat crop (Terekhov MB, 2000; Kodanev I.M., 1984; Makarova V.M., 1995; Shashkarov L.G., 2018; Tolstova S.L., 2018; Aleksandrova A.N. 2018). The formation of highly productive crops is influenced by field germination of seeds. At least 400-500 plants per 1 m2 should be considered the optimal density of seedlings of grain crops in the Chuvash Republic with a sowing rate of 6 million germinating grains per 1 ha, and field germination of 70-80% is achieved (Kodanev I.M., 1984). In our studies, the density of seedlings and field germination of seeds depended on both varietal characteristics and meteorological conditions that developed during the sowing - seedlings.

scholarly journals An eco-friendly way to protect wheat seeds from phytopathogens

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kekalo
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Pesticide Load ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Protecting wheat seed from phytopathogens is a popular topic for plant breeders. The objects requiring close attention and control on wheat are smut infections, pathogens of root rot. And if the pathogens of smut we have learned to fight quite effectively with, then microorganisms that infect underground parts of plants are controlled with less success and many questions in the system of protection against them remain controversial. The issue of reducing the pesticide load on agrocenoses, starting with the protection of seeds, also remains relevant. The article presents the results of field trials of means of protecting spring wheat seeds from root rot in 2019–2020, carried out within the framework of the state assignment at the Kurgan SRIA — branch of FSBSI UrFASRC, according to generally accepted methods. The aim of the research was to assess the biological, economic efficiency of the combined use of a chemical seed dressing agent and a biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis in protecting wheat from soil-seed infections, to determine the competitiveness of an ecologized method of protecting seeds (reduced consumption rate of a chemical seed dressing agent in combination with biological fungicide). The obtained research results indicate that with a high level of damage to wheat by root rot (Fusarium, B. sorokiniana), the use of seed treatment with the studied preparations ensured the preservation of 10–12% of the yield, more efficiency was noted in the variants with the Oplot 0.5 l/t and the Oplot 0.3 l/t + Nodix Premium 0.3 l/t . The technical effectiveness of fungicides against wheat root rot ranged 44% for Nodix Premium to 85–86% for chemical protection and mixed use. An environmentally friendly method of protecting wheat seeds, which consists in using a 40% lower rate of a chemical dressing agent with a biopesticide, turned out to be competitive.

EFFECTS OF IMAZALIL SEED TREATMENT ON SUBCROWN INTERNODE LENGTHS AND COLEOPTILE-NODE-TILLERING IN WHEAT

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1467-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. F. CHINN ◽  
P. R. VERMA ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Treated Seed

The effects of seed treatment with imazalil at 0.2 and 0.3 g a.i./kg seed on subcrown internode length and occurrence of coleoptile-node-tillers (CNT) was studied in four spring wheat cultivars at two locations in Saskatchewan. Without treatment, Cypress had the longest internodes followed in descending order by Glenlea, Neepawa, and Wascana. Generally, plants from imazalil-treated seed had significantly shorter subcrown internodes. Only a few plants from nontreated seed produced CNT and of these, many were soft or aborted, while the treated seed produced a number of CNT and many of these were firm tillers. The possible importance of these morphological changes in the reduction of common root rot, on drought resistance, cold hardiness, and yield is discussed.

scholarly journals LEAVES AREA OF SPRING WHEAT PLANTS DEPENDING ON PRESEEDING TREATMENT OF SEEDS AND VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A. A. Balykin ◽  
L. G. Shashkarov ◽  
G. A. Mefodyev ◽  
V. G. Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Processing Control

The article deals with the formation of the area of leaves of spring wheat depending on the treatment of seeds and varieties in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Three varieties of Margarita, Simbircite, and Prokhorovka were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three gradations: 1. Without processing (control). 2. Seed treatment with the drug Benlate. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of leaves area formation are presented. Determining the optimal leaves area is a very complex problem. Solar radiation at an insufficient leaves area of field plants is absorbed not completely; at the greatest developed leaf surface the same phenomenon occurs. In combination with the seed protectant of spring grain crops – Benlate, the authors also studied the effect of Nano-Gro. The presowing treatment of seeds with the Nano-Gro solution significantly affects the increase in the formation of the leaves area of spring wheat.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effectiveness of Complex Use of Biofungicides on Spring Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00158
Author(s):  
Radik Safin ◽  
Guzel Khusainova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Medium Development ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

In 2018–2019, the studies were carried out in order to assess the effectiveness of the use of various biofungicides on spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on grey wood soil in the Predkamsk zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. The agents based on Bacillus subtilis strain 63-Z (Baxis®) and Pseudomonas aureofaciens strain (Pseudobacterin 2®) were used as biofungicides. The chemical fungicides were used as a standard (for seed treatment – prothioconazole + tebuconazole (Lamador®); for spraying – spiroxamine + tebuconazole + triadimenol (Falcon®)). The research results showed that the use of biofungicides for seed treatment and spraying during the earing phase of wheat has a pronounced effect on the length of the stem and the number of grains in the ear. Under the influence of the use of biofungicides, the damage to plants by root rot, leaf septoria and powdery mildew was reduced. In terms of their effect on leaf septoria and powdery mildew, the chemical fungicides were somewhat superior to biological ones. The highest yield of spring soft wheat was obtained using the scheme in which the seeds were treated with Baxis and the plants in the earing phase were sprayed with Pseudobacterin 2. This scheme provided the increase in yield by 1.1 t / ha compared to control and by 0.29 t / ha when using standard chemical fungicides for seed treatment and spraying of crops. The use of such a scheme significantly reduces the cost of the protection of wheat plants from diseases. As a result of research, it was shown that with a weak and medium development of diseases, the use of biofungicides can be an effective alternative to the use of standard chemical fungicides.

scholarly journals Effect of pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat seeds on linear sizes and geometric grain characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
N. G. Vlasenko ◽  
S. V. Burlakova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The results of assessing the effect of biological preparations and a seed disinfectant on the technological qualities of grain of soft spring wheat Novosibirskaya 31 are presented. The effectiveness of the use of biological plant protection products was studied in the field experiment, laid down in 2020 in the forest-steppe conditions of the Ob region. Pre-sowing seed treatment included the following options: control (without treatment); Trichodermin, P (Trichoderma viride, titer more than 6 billion spores/g), consumption rate – 15 kg/t seed; Sporobacterin, SP (Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma viride, strain 4097), consumption rate – 0.5 kg/ton of seeds; Scarlet, ME, chemical standard (imazalil (100 g/l) + tebuconazole (60 g/l), consumption rate – 0.3 l/t of seeds. The use of the preparations contributed to an increase in yield by 0.40 and 0.52 t/ha when using Trichodermin and Sporobacterin, respectively, and by 0.08 t/ha when using fungicide Scarlet. In this case, the mass of 1000 grains increased by 0.84, 0.80 and 0.96 g, respectively, relative to the control. The preparations Trichodermin and Sporobacterin had a significant effect on the growth of grain in length and width relative to the control – by 5.4-6.9 and 9.6%, Scarlet – by 10.6 and 13.9%, respectively. Pre-sowing seed treatment contributed to the growth of such indicators of the caryopsis as volume (by 19.6–29.3%), surface area (by 12.1–19.2%), and sphericity (by 6.3–7.8%). To a greater extent, they increased with the use of fungicide Scarlet. Getting larger grain led to an increase in the endosperm content by 0.76–1.14%. A close correlation has been shown between the indicators of the mass of 1000 grains and the linear grain sizes (r = 0.92–0.98), as well as with the grain volume, sphericity and endosperm content (r = 0.98–0.99). Pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat seeds provides grain with improved technological properties.

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