FEATURES OF LARGE INTESTINE MICROBIOCENOSIS IN INFANTS WITH FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AGAINST HIGH POPULATION DENSITY OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS KLEBSIELLA

The aim of the research was to determine the features of large intestinal microbiocenosis during the vegetation of bacteria of the genus Klebsiella in children with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in different age periods of the first year of life. The material for the study is based on 210 coprological samples isolated from infants of both sexes with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and indication of Klebsiella spp. in the titer of 105-108 CFU/g. The children were grouped according to the age: 1st − children from 1 to 3 months old, 2nd − children from three to six months old, 3rd − children from 6 to 12 months old. All of them were divided into two groups for comparison, depending on the type of isolated Klebsiella species: K. pneumoniae (n=105) and K. oxytoca (n=105). The investigation of the intestinal microflora was performed in accordance with conventional methodology, and the assessment of the results was done according to Industry Standard. Identified bacteria were divided by their morphologic, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. As a result of the study, dysbiotic disturbances of the 3rd degree were observed in children, complicated by the proliferation of bacteria of the genus Klebsiella, especially by its diagnostically important bacterial agent K. oxytoca. Most critical for the development of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract for the children of the first year of life is the age of 3-6 months. Long-term persistence of the Klebsiella spp. in high titer (105-108 CFU/g) in the large intestine of the children with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract dictates the need for selective decontamination of the Klebsiella from the gut microbiota.

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FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN CHILDREN BORN WITH VERY LOW AND EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT, WITH HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

PEDIATRIA Journal named after G N SPERANSKY ◽

10.24110/0031-403x-2018-97-3-180-186 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 180-186

Author(s):

M.P. Yakovenko ◽

◽

E.I. Kleshenko ◽

D.A. Kayumova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

First Year ◽

Functional Disorders ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Clostridium perfringens – antibiotic-associated and sporadic diarrhea in children: age, anamnestic and clinical and laboratory features

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2021-32-10-15 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

A. S. Kvetnaya ◽

L. I. Zhelezova

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Perfringens ◽

Enzyme Analysis ◽

First Year ◽

Saint Petersburg ◽

Clinical Center ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Diarrhea Syndrome ◽

Klebsiella Spp

The article presents the data of the research on the problem of two clinical forms of enteroproducing Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) – associated infection in the children who are not connected with food – antibiotic-associated and sporadic forms. Within the period of 2019–2021 a retrospective analysis of the results of complex clinical and laboratory study of children aged from 2 months to 18 years with diarrhea (acute intestinal infection, n = 406 children) was carried out within the framework of the algorithm developed by Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases (Russia, Saint Petersburg). The material for the study included stool tests, coprofiltrates and strains of the microorganisms determinating microbiocoenosis of the intestines including enterotoxigenic strains of C. perfringens. The main group included children with diarrhea (n = 38 of 406 children with diarrhea) who at admission presented C. perfringens enterotoxin in coprofiltrates found by immune-enzyme analysis and there were identified the cultures of enterotoxigenic strains of C. perfringens by tests of intestinal contents. The first group included children (n = 30 of 406 children; 7 %) with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). The second group included children (n = 8 of 406 children; 2 %) with sporadic diarrhea. An overwhelming majority of patients with ААD (n = 20; 92.3 %) of the first 8 (100 %) years of life presented intensity of diarrhea syndrome in direct dependence on colonization activity of enterotoxigenic C perfringens (colony-forming units/g feces) (r = 0.78). The disease proceeded mainly with the syndromes of gastroenteritis, enterocolitis and hemorrhagic colitis. There was noted a reliable high frequency of severe forms of both ААD, and sporadic diarrhea (р < 0.05) caused by enterotoxigenic strains of C perfringens in children of the first year of life. Deep decompensated disorders of large intestine microbiota associated with Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, were characterized by severity and prolonged character of the course (р < 0.05). The received results determine the tactics of differential diagnosis and treatment of AAD and sporadic diarrhea caused by enteroproducing strains of C. perfringens.

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DETECTION OF GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF PATHOGENICITY OF STRAINS OF KLEBSIELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM THE INTESTINAL BIOTOPE OF CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

Acta biomedica scientifica ◽

10.29413/abs.2018-3.5.9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

E. V. Grigorova ◽

L. V. Rychkova ◽

E. I. Ivanova ◽

U. M. Nemchenko ◽

M. V. Savelkaeva

Keyword(s):

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

First Year ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

Bacteriological Study ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Comparison Groups ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Klebsiella Spp

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are one of the most common problems in children of the first year of life. The aim of the study was to assess the pathogenic potential of Klebsiella spp. strains, isolated from the colon in children of the first year of life with FGID. Material for the study included 61 coprological samples. The biological material was divided into comparison groups, depending on the type of Klebsiella excreted at a concentration of 105–108 CFU/g: 1st – with vegetation in the colon K. pneumoniae (n = 30); 2nd – with vegetation K. oxytoca (n = 31). Bacteriological study composition of the intestinal contents was carried out according to the Industry standard “Protocol of management of patients. Intestinal dysbiosis” (2003). Identification was carried out according to generally accepted schemes using commercial test systems for biochemical identification of bacteria. Statistical data processing was performed using licensed applications “MS Office Excel 2003 for Windows 7”. The data on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition microbiota in the comparison groups were obtained. The results of detection genetic determinants of pathogenicity in the samples of Klebsiella of two species show that among the strains of Klebsiella spp., vegetating in the intestines of children as a component of an allochthonous microbiota, a sufficiently high and virulent potential can be concentrated. Detection of pathogenicity genes in bacteria of the genus Klebsiella will expand and deepen the problem of finding the structures of adaptation of strains of bacteria that cause FGID in children of the first year of life.

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The role of external factors in realizing of the natural progress of the child’s motor development within the first year of life

L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal ◽

10.46563/2686-8997-2021-2-3-119-136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 119-136

Author(s):

Galina S. Lupandina-Bolotova ◽

Aliya A. Revina ◽

Dmitry A. Ignatov

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Functional Disorders ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Stimulation Of

Introduction. The development of a child in the first year of life provides the basis for their further harmonious growth. Motor development occurs in parallel with the ongoing gradual development of the nervous system. The transition to a new motor milestone is associated with the emergence of new skills; therefore, stimulation of motor development should occur in accordance with the next milestone of the nervous system development. Intervention in the natural process of the skills gaining without considering the developmental nervous system milestone leads to a change in the trajectory of motor progress of the child. Aim of the study was to assess the significance of individual elements of motor development for the function of balance and walking, as well as to identify the role of non-physiologic (contradicting motor ontogenesis) stimulation of motor skills in the evolvement of non-optimal motor patterns and impaired balance and walking function. Materials and methods. In total, 43 children aged ≥ 12 months admitted to the «Consultative Diagnostic Department» of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of Russia were examined within the framework of dispensary observation in the period from December 2016 to June 2019. The assessment of motor development was carried out according to the tests and questionnaires developed. The children were divided into two groups: the treatment group, in which the intervention was carried out, and the control group. Results. The frequency of realization of physiological patterns in children in the treatment group was 65.5%, and in the control group was 89.6%. The occurrence of the functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system was as follows: pathological functional kyphosis in the lumbar spine in children in the treatment group occurred in 73.1%, and in the control group in 26.9%; sitting on the sacrum occurred in 73.1% in the treatment group, and 26.9 % in the control group; impaired coordination in the treatment group occurred in 53.9%, and in 46.1% in the control group; decreased balance function in the treatment group occurred in 61.5%, and in 38.5% in the control group. Conclusion. Correct interaction with a child in the first year of life, in combination with physiological stimulation corresponding to the developmental milestones of the nervous system, allows the child to implement their motor skills in a timely manner, without disrupting the natural sequence of motor development, and minimizes the risks of functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

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235 The prevalence of functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in children of the first year of life living in the Belgorod region (Russian Federation)

10.1136/archdischild-2021-europaediatrics.235 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M Gurova Margarita ◽

I Kirienko Arina ◽

A Procenko Ekaterina ◽

A Sviridov Alexandr ◽

A Romanova Tatiana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Russian Federation ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

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Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma of soft tissues of the chest wall on the left (description of the clinical case and literature review)

Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ◽

10.21682/2311-1267-2020-7-1-75-81 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

G. B. Sagoyan ◽

M. V. Rubanskaya ◽

P. A. Kerimov ◽

O. A. Kapkova ◽

M. A. Rubanskiy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Literature Review ◽

Chest Wall ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

First Year ◽

Infantile Fibrosarcoma ◽

Upper And Lower Extremities ◽

First Year Of Life

Infantile fibrosarcoma (IF) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma that occurs with a frequency of 1% of all cases of malignant neoplasms in children in the first year of life. IF most often affects the soft tissues of the upper and lower extremities. Rare localizations include the trunk, the head and neck, and the gastrointestinal tract. The article describes a rare clinical case of congenital IF of soft tissues of the chest wall in a newborn, as well as a literature review.

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IMMUNIZATION AGAINST PERTUSSIS DURING THE FIRST FOUR MONTHS OF LIFE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.4.4.468 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 468-478

Author(s):

JOHN J. MILLER ◽

HAROLD K. FABER ◽

MARY LOUISE RYAN ◽

ROSALIE J. SILVERBERG ◽

EDITH LEW

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Total Dose ◽

Pertussis Vaccine ◽

High Titer ◽

Active Immunization ◽

First Year ◽

Transplacental Transmission ◽

Older Children ◽

Proved Case ◽

First Year Of Life

Agglutinative reactions with H. pertussis were performed on 108 pairs of maternal and cord blood sera. A correspondence in titer within the range of experimental error was demonstrated in 77% of the pairs. Fifty per cent of the maternal sera contained demonstrable agglutinins. Transplacental transmission of antibody was demonstrated in 63% of the 54 sero-positive mothers. Saline-suspended H. pertussis vaccine was administered to infants on the fifth day of life and repeated at one and at two months of age. With total doses of 50 billion H. pertussis only 15% of 41 infants produced agglutinins in a titer of 1-320 or higher—the level which in older children has been found consonant with clinical immunity. When the total dose in a second group of infants was increased to 100 billion H. pertussis, the above titer was demonstrated in 25% of 145 infants. The serologic response of infants whose cord blood had contained no agglutinins was not superior to that of infants with agglutinins. Thus no depression of the immune response by transplacentally acquired antibody was demonstrable. In a third group of 134 slightly older infants, saline-suspended H. pertussis vaccine was administered in a total dose of 80 billion cells divided into three monthly injections. The first injection was given at four to eight weeks of age. Forty-eight per cent of these infants manufactured agglutinins in a titer of 1-320 or higher. However, three months later only 36% were carrying this high titer. General febrile reactions were not uncommon and one proved case of mild pertussis occurred in this group. In a fourth group of 151 infants, alum-precipitated H. pertussis vaccine was injected in a total dose of 40 billion cells divided into three injections at monthly intervals. The first injection was given at four to eight weeks of age. Only two febrile reactions, one associated with a local reaction which did not break down, occurred. Sixty-two per cent of 115 infants whose sera were tested four to eight weeks later developed H. pertussis agglutinins in a titer of 1-320 or higher. Twelve months later 60 per cent still carried these high titers. This satisfactory response at this age with this product is confirmatory of the studies of Sako, Treuting, Witt and Nichamin. It adds support to their thesis that active immunization with alum-precipitated vaccine can be accomplished before the sixth month of life. A schedule for immunizations during the first year of life, embodying H. pertussis immunization beginning at four to eight weeks of age, is described.

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Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700062603 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Susan T. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Habitat Associations ◽

Habitat Association ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Almost All ◽

Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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The Development of Swallowing Respiratory Coordination

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd18.1.19 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Maggie-Lee Huckabee

Keyword(s):

Cortical Activation ◽

First Year ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Nasal Airflow ◽

Single Session ◽

Primary Finding ◽

Patterns Of Behavior ◽

Cortical Modulation ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Swallowing Apnea

Abstract Research exists that evaluates the mechanics of swallowing respiratory coordination in healthy children and adults as well and individuals with swallowing impairment. The research program summarized in this article represents a systematic examination of swallowing respiratory coordination across the lifespan as a means of behaviorally investigating mechanisms of cortical modulation. Using time-locked recordings of submental surface electromyography, nasal airflow, and thyroid acoustics, three conditions of swallowing were evaluated in 20 adults in a single session and 10 infants in 10 sessions across the first year of life. The three swallowing conditions were selected to represent a continuum of volitional through nonvolitional swallowing control on the basis of a decreasing level of cortical activation. Our primary finding is that, across the lifespan, brainstem control strongly dictates the duration of swallowing apnea and is heavily involved in organizing the integration of swallowing and respiration, even in very early infancy. However, there is evidence that cortical modulation increases across the first 12 months of life to approximate more adult-like patterns of behavior. This modulation influences primarily conditions of volitional swallowing; sleep and naïve swallows appear to not be easily adapted by cortical regulation. Thus, it is attention, not arousal that engages cortical mechanisms.

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