scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT (POLBA) OF RUNO VARIETY AT VARIOUS LEVELS OF MINERAL NUTRITION, SOWING NORMS AND DEPTH OF SEEDS FINISHING IN THE KAMA PRECKALM ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Фарит Шайхутдинов ◽  
Farit Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Игорь Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Равиль Ибятов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of 2-year studies on the main agrotechnical methods for cultivating spring wheat polba in specific conditions. It is shown that the main agrotechnological method, that determines the productivity of a variety, is the introduction of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers, the depth of seeding. To a large extent, the productivity is associated with a combination of nutritional levels, optimal stalk density and depth of seeding. The most effective variants of cultivation technology are established. Changes in the formation of the density of stemstock are revealed with a change in the seeding rates, the depth of seeding at both feeding levels.

PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING WHEAT DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

Spring wheat is the main grain crop. Stable production of high-quality wheat grain is the key to the country's food independence. Therefore, the study of the elements of growing spring wheat technology, aimed at increasing the productivity of crops, is important. The study of the interaction of plants and microorganisms depending on the level of mineral nutrition in crop planning is currently ofparticular relevance. The use of biological products, growth regulators improves the mineral nutrition of plants, increases productivity and its quality, and also provides savings in mineral fertilizers. In the upper Volga region, the main spring crops are wheat, barley and oats. To further increase them in the region, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the formation of yields and determine the most productive crops depending on the level of nutrition, biological products and growth regulators. The scientific article presents the results of the study of these drugs on the productivity of spring wheat. In field experiments, it was planned to get 30, 40 and 50 tons of grain per hectare. Fertilizers for the planned harvest were made taking into account the agrochemical properties of the soil. From biological products used Flavobacterin, which has a protective effect against diseases and improves product quality, from growth regulators used agrochemicals HUMATE + 7 (10 % liquid concentrate), which is characterized by high biological activity. The yield level was determined taking into account the average long-term moisture supply and qualitative assessment of arable land. The indicators of photosynthetic activity of crops, crop and its structure, quality characteristics of grain and economic efficiency of growing spring wheat in the upper Volga region are presented. As a result of researches the optimum level of mineral nutrition for wheat, the efficacy of agrochemical diazotroph and programming yields of spring wheat, determined the photosynthetic activity of crops and grain yield, calculated economic efficiency of the studied techniques and established the qualitative characteristics of the crop. The program for obtaining the planned wheat yields in the years of the experiments was completed by 68-91 %. Close to the planned the program was implemented using a biological product and growth regulator-74-91 %.

scholarly journals The influence of mineral fertilizers on the mass of plant-root residues of grain crops on chernozem soils of the Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
D.V. Eremina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Chernozem Soils

The influence of various levels of mineral nutrition on the accumulation of plant-root residues of spring wheat and oats in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia is studied. The natural agricultural background of leached chernozem was taken as a control. The research was carried out at the station of the Department of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals. In the experiment, various doses of mineral fertilizers were used, ensuring the yield of grain crops from 3.0 to 6.0 t/ha. It was found that the mass of plant-root residues of spring wheat and oats has no significant differences and depends on the level of mineral nutrition. On the natural agricultural background, the mass of plant-root residues is 3.24-3.88 t/ha. Fertilization increases the yield of grain crops to 6.0 t/ha, and also increases the amount of plant-root residues: spring wheat - 4.47; oats – 6.04 t/ha. Increasing the doses of mineral fertilizers reduces the ratio of yield to the mass of plant-root residues from 1:1.6 to 1:1.10 units. It was found that almost half of the root system of spring wheat and oats is located in a layer of 0-10 cm, while the share of roots in a layer of 30-40 cm accounts for no more than 16% of the mass.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on economic indicators of cultivated varieties of spring triticale in the conditions of the republic of Mari El

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00112
Author(s):  
V. A. Maksimov ◽  
Y. A. Lapsyin ◽  
R. I. Zolotareva ◽  
R. B. Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Main Application ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

In modern socio-economic conditions, the production of high-quality grain remains the main task of agricultural production. The main way to solve it is to increase productivity by introducing new varieties and crops with high potential and improving the cultivation technology with minimal costs. Agrarians of the North-East of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, having in their land, use poorly fertile sod-podzolic soils of varying degrees of cultivation. To increase the productivity of grain crops, they use adapted resource-saving technologies, in which the level of mineral fertilizer is determined by the magnitude of the dose of the nutrient established experimentally. The high productivity of the variety, along with the quality of the grain, is the most important indicator of the ultimate goal of every breeder. To assess the economic efficiency of the cultivation of spring triticale, studies were carried out on nine varieties: Saur, Dobroe, Zaozerye, KNIISH 9, KNIISH 11, KNIISH 22, Savva, Timur, Rovnya. The results of our studies convincingly indicate that in the conditions of the republic, even against an unfertilized background, cultivated varieties of spring triticale, provide grain yield from 2.5 to 3.8 t/ha. Some of the most important economic indicators characterizing production efficiency are such indicators as the cost of production and the degree of efficiency of grain production, expressed by the level of profitability. The main application of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60, (P60K60) and the introduction of nitrogen fertilization in tillering at a dose of N30 increases the cost of 1 kg of grain by 5-8%, thereby reducing the profitability of production when cultivating varieties. The cultivation of varieties Rovnya, Zaur, Zaozerye, KNIISH 22, KNIISH 11, Timur was economically profitable, but less profitable than varieties KNIISH 9, Dobroe and Savva. The cost of production of a kilogram of grain was on the option without mineral nutrition from 5.1; 7.0; 5.9; 5.1; 4.8; and 6.4 rubles, respectively. On fertilized options, the cost decreased to a minimum of 4.1 rubles in the Timur variety with the main application of N60P60K60 with nitrogen fertilization N30 during tillering. The maximum increase in the cost price was shown by the varieties Timur, Zaozerye: 4.8 and 4.9 rubles against the background of the main application of N60P60K60. On average for 2020 according to the results of economic analysis, the lowest cost price and the highest level of profitability indicator are observed when cultivating varieties KNIISH 9, Dobroe and Savva at all levels of mineral nutrition.

scholarly journals Development of seed production elements of new grain beans variety Yuzhanka bred by FSBSI Federal Scientific Rice Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02041
Author(s):  
Grigory Pischulin ◽  
Lybov Esaulova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Agricultural Method ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Krasnodar Region

For the rapid distribution and successful cultivation of beans, it is necessary to develop methods of cultivation technology in accordance with the soil and climatic conditions of Krasnodar region. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study the efficiency of irrigation, various doses of mineral nutrition and the use of the biological product Nitragin KM on grain beans crops. The effect of pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers under irrigation and rainfed conditions on phenological, morphological traits, yield and productivity of grain beans variety Yuzhanka has been studied. Analysis of the data on the yield of beans seeds showed that the most effective agricultural method for seed production of this crop is the introduction of mineral fertilizers on drip irrigation. With an increase in the level of mineral nutrition, the seed multiplication factor increased from 30 to 45 pcs/pcs on dry land and from 50 to 69 pcs/pcs during irrigation. The application of mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in yields both in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The highest yield of bean seeds of variety Yuzhanka was obtained with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N30P30K30 (1,77 t/ha on dry land and 3,04 t/ha on irrigated plots).

EFFECT OF MUNGBEAN REPEATED CULTURE ON COTTON VEGETABLES UNDER CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN ZONE OF KARAKALPAKSTAN

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
L.A. Mirzaev ◽  
N.M. Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Southern Zone ◽  
The Republic

Investigations carried out under conditions of meadow alluvial soils in the southern zone of the Republic of Karakalpakstan have determined the effectiveness of various norms of mineral fertilizers (N160P100K75; N200P140K100 and N240P170K125 kg / ha) applied to cotton grown in the following year after winter wheat and as a secondary crop of mung beet against mineral fertilizers (N30P80K60 kg/ha). When cotton was grown in the following year after winter wheat and the second crop of mung beans, the highest yield of raw cotton was obtained, which was 3.4 t/ha against the background of mineral nutrition N200P140K100 kg / ha. As a result of research, in the system of crop rotation, winter wheat-recurrent cotton culture is scientifically grounded in the effectiveness of the agro technical method of locating the mung beans culture before sowing cotton.

THE IMPACT OF LUCERNE’S NEW BREEDS ON THE STRUCTURE OF ARABLE LAYER OF HEAVY-GREY FOREST SOILS DEPENDING ON MINERAL NUTRITION LEVEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Шарипова ◽  
Gulsiya Sharipova ◽  
Тагиров ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Шайтанов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mass Increase

The article presents data on the effect of three-year usage of herbage of six varieties of alfalfa, which are well adapted to the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan, to the structure of gray forest heavy-loamy soils. The studies, carried out in 2007-2010, on different mineral nutrition backgrounds, showed that the studied alfalfa varieties differ greatly in intensity of root mass increase and responsiveness to the application of mineral fertilizers, respectively, their habitat-forming properties also differ.

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF COMPLEX LIQUID FERTILIZERS IN CHELATED FORM AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF NATURAL AND MINERAL NUTRITION OF SPRING WHEAT PLANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Л.В. Карпова ◽  
Г.А. Карпова ◽  
А.В. Строгонова
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Morphometric Assessment ◽  
Yield Formation

Интенсификация сельскохозяйственного производства повышает нагрузку на почвенные ресурсы, что ведет к снижению их плодородия и, как следсвие, снижению уровня минерального питания растений в агроценозе. Поиск способов применения препаратов, содержащих макро- и микроэлементы в хелатной форме, для активации процессов роста, фотосинтеза, формирования урожая и повышения качества зерновых культур является весьма актуальным. Исследования проведены в 2018-2020 гг. на опытном участке ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский ГАУ». Данные получены при оценке влияния фонов минерального питания и жидких минеральных удобрений на морфометрические показатели проростков, основных показателей фотосинтеза в период вегетации и урожайность яровой мягкой пшеницы сорта «Тулайковская Надежда». В качестве макро- и микроудобрений в хелатной форме использованы препараты «Мегамикс-семена» и «Мегамикс-Профи» с разными способами и сроками обработки семян и посевов. Исследования по морфометрической оценке проростков показали, что минимальные значения коэффициентов симметрии отмечены в вариантах при предпосевной обработке семян и растений в фазы кущения и колошения – 17,97 и 17,31. При этом, в данных вариантах получена наибольшая урожайность – 3,88 и 4,02 т/га соответственно. Максимальное количество развитых первичных корней отмечено в вариантах при совместном использовании препаратов Мегамикс-семена и Мегамикс-Профи как на фоне естественного плодородия, так и на фоне минерального питания. В данных вариантах наблюдались наиболее высокие показатели выживаемости растений. Максимальные значения показателя фотосинтетического потенциала отмечены в варианте бинарного применения препаратов Мегамикс-семена и Мегамикс-Профи при двукратной обработке в фазу кущения и колошения. Наибольший урожай зерна яровой пшеницы получен в 2020 году (ГТК- 0,93) на варианте с обрабокой семян перед посевом и последующим опрыскиванием растений в фазы кущения и колошения на удобренном фоне – 4,11 т/га, и в среднем за три года исследований – 4,02 т/га. Intensification of agricultural production increases the load on soil resources, which leads to a decrease in fertility and, consequently, a decrease in mineral nutrition of plants in the agrocenosis. The search for ways to use preparations containing macro- and microelements in chelated form to activate the processes of growth, photosynthesis, yield formation and improving the quality of grain crops is very relevant. The research was conducted in 2018-2020 on the experimental plot of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University". The data were obtained by evaluating the effect of mineral nutrition backgrounds and liquid mineral fertilizers on the morphometric indicators of seedlings, the main indicators of photosynthesis during the growing season and the yield of spring soft wheat variety "Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda". The preparations "Megamix-seeds" and "Megamix-Profi" were used as macro- and microfertilizers in chelated form with different methods and terms of seed and crop treatment. The studies on the morphometric assessment of the seedlings have shown that the minimum values of symmetry coefficients were observed in the variants with the pre-sowing treatment of seeds and plants in the phases of tillering and earing - 17.97 and 17.31. At the same time, these variants obtained the highest yields - 3.88 and 4.02 t/ha, respectively. The maximum number of developed primary roots was observed in the variants with the combined use of Megamix-seeds and Megamix-Profi both on the background of natural fertility and on the background of mineral nutrition. In these variants the highest rates of plant survival were observed. The maximum values of the photosynthetic potential indicator were observed in the variant of binary application of Megamix-seeds and Megamix-Profi with double treatment in the tillering and earing phase. The highest grain yield of spring wheat was obtained in 2020 (HTC - 0.93) in the variant with seed treatment before sowing and subsequent spraying of plants in the phases of tillering and earing on a fertilized background - 4.11 t/ha, and the average for the three years of research - 4.02 t/ha.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF THE GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS USAGE IN THE SUNFLOWER CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY FOR OILSEEDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Рустам Низамов ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Салават Сулейманов ◽  
Salavat Suleymanov ◽  
Фаик Сафиоллин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Optimum Depth ◽  
The Republic

In the Republic of Tatarstan sunflower is cultivated on an area of 100 or more thousands of hectares and tends to grow as a high-margin crop. Therefore, the introduction of resource-saving sunflower cultivation technology, which provides 25-30 centners per hectare of high-quality, environmentally safe oilseeds based on planning and operational management of crops, taking into account the results of geoinformation systems of intrafield variability of plant habitat, is an actual problem of the modern agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Russian Federation as a whole. In addition, the differentiated application of mineral fertilizers, soil cultivation to the optimum depth, precise sowing with respect to the parameters between the rows and the distance between the seeds in the rows, sealing the seeds to the same depth, optimizing plant care, predicting and harvesting losses without loss real under conditions of wide use of GIS-technologies in agriculture. In this regard, this article looks at promising areas of application of GIS technologies in the production of sunflower oilseeds.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and quality of wheat varieties seeds in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
A. A. Kazak ◽  
Yu. P. Loginov ◽  
D. I. Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Seminal Roots

In the Siberian District, including the Tyumen region, a great contribution into production of foodgrain has been made by valuable and strong varieties of spring soft wheat Iren, Omskaya 36, Novosibirskaya 31. It should be noted that elements of cultivation technology of these varieties for seeds have been developed insufficiently. In the article, the 2016-2018 data have been analyzed according to the productivity and quality of seeds of the chosen wheat varieties in dependence to the level of mineral nutrition (for planned productivity of 4.5 and 6 t/ha). It has been established that in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region the level of mineral nutrition for productivity of 4-5 t/ha provided high quality of seeds. In the variant with NPK of 4 t/ha the yield of seeds of the general productivity was 73.0-77.8%, the mass of 1000 grains – 33.9-38.5, the protein content – 15.3-16.8%, the energy of germination – 58.0-67.3%, the laboratory viability – 94.3-96.5%. The main part of seeds (67-74%) sprouted in 5-6 seminal roots and when resowing in 2017-2018 it gave dense, strong shoots. Seeds from the chosen variant had advantage before the control without fertilizers and before variants with higher level of mineral nutrition in many quality indicators.  It has been established that germination energy of seeds closely correlated with protein content (r = 0.72…0.82) and insignificantly – with the mass of 1000 grains (r = 0.27…0.28). Between productivity and energy of germination of seeds the correlation was negative(r = -0,32…-0,40)

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