Aspectos do Comportamento da Cigarrinha-das-Pastagens Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) na Produção de Espuma

A cigarrinha-das-pastagens Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) produz uma espuma protetora contra inimigos naturais e à dessecação, ao longo da fase imatura. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do agrupamento e do tipo de forrageira na produção de espuma pela cigarrinha-das-pastagens, bem como os comportamentos exibidos durante este período, em duas diferentes forrageiras. Foram realizados testes com ninfas individualizadas no qual o tempo médio de cobertura total pela espuma foi de 38’55’’ e 40’00’’ em capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) e braquiária (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain e Evrard), respectivamente; e testes com grupos de ninfas onde o tempo médio para cobertura total foi de 48’00’’ em capim-elefante e em braquiária 41’06’’. Por meio da análise de correlação observou-se que as ninfas que mais tardaram o início de produção de espuma foram aquelas que mais demoraram a concluí-la, nas duas forrageiras. Apresentou-se a sequência comportamental exibida pelas ninfas M. spectabilis desde a sua liberação no vaso até a total cobertura por espuma. O tempo total de cobertura não sofreu alteração significativa quando as ninfas se alimentaram de capim-elefante ou braquiária, ou ainda quando se alimentaram de forma solitária ou agregada. Behavioral aspects of the spittlebug Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) in froth production. Abstract. The spittlebug Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) synthesizes a protective froth against natural enemies and dry along the immature stage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grouping and forage type in the production of the froth made by the spittlebug, and the behavior exhibited during this period. Tests with individual nymphs were performed in which the average time to complete cover by the froth was 38’55’’ and 40’00’’ in elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schumach.) and signal grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain e Evrard), respectively; as well as tests with groups of nymphs where the average time to complete cover was 48’00’’ in elephant grass and in signal grass 41’06’’. The correlation analysis showed that the nymphs who later initiated the production of froth were those that took the most time to complete the cover within the two forage. The behavioral sequence exhibited by the nymphs was presented, since its release in the pot until the complete cover of the froth. The total time of coverage does not suffer significant change whether the nymphs feed on elephant grass or signal grass, or feeding in solitary or aggregated way.

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Energetic characterization and flash pyrolysis of different elephant grass cultivars ( Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1002/cjce.24309 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mayara de Oliveira Lessa ◽

Guilherme Quintela Calixto ◽

Bruna Maria Emerenciano das Chagas ◽

Emerson Moreira Aguiar ◽

Marcus Antônio de Freitas Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Flash Pyrolysis ◽

Energetic Characterization ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

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Temporal assessment of root and shoot colonization of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) host seedlings by Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strain LP343

Microbiological Research ◽

10.1016/j.micres.2020.126651 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 244 ◽

pp. 126651

Author(s):

Carlos M. Dos-Santos ◽

Wiglison B.A. Nascimento ◽

Bruna P. do Nascimento ◽

Stefan Schwab ◽

José I. Baldani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽

Temporal Assessment

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Microsatellite markers-based characterisation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) harvested from selected locations in South-West Nigeria

Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.4314/njb.v37i1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

O.A. Okukenu ◽

A.A. Olajide ◽

P.A. Dele ◽

M. Wheto ◽

B.T. Akinyemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Dna Extraction ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Ethanol Solution ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

South West ◽

Ssr Primers ◽

Genetic Index

This study was carried out to characterise Pennisetum purpureum harvested from some selected locations in S outh-W estern Nigeria using microsatellite markers. Leaf parts of growing young elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) were harvested and immediately preserved in ethanol solution before DNA extraction. Two (2) SSR primers (CTM59 and Xtxp278) were used to assess genetic diversity in Pennisetum purpureum. The result shows that 72% of the molecular variations in the elephant grass exists within the population with 28% among the population; there were no unique characteristics among the Nine (9) populations. Nei genetic index ranged from 0.067 (lowest) observed between Isokan and Odeda populations to 0.158 (highest), between Ifedore and Ikoyi Populations. Morphological characterization showed moderate diversity with two major clusters and one minor cluster. Keyword: Elephant grass; cultivars; locations; markers

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Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as a Cattle Fodder in Kenya

The East African Agricultural Journal ◽

10.1080/03670074.1936.11663682 ◽

1936 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 340-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Colin Maher

Keyword(s):

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass

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Germination percentage and emergence potential of nine newly introduced temperate forage germplasms in Shika, Nigeria

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i5.1440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 232-238

Author(s):

Y. M. Ishiaku ◽

M. R. Hassan ◽

S. A. Abubakar ◽

J. T. Amodu ◽

S. B. Abdu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Napier Grass ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Pennisetum Alopecuroides

A trial was conducted to investigate the germination percentage and emergence potential of nine imported temperate forage germplasms at the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Nigeria. The seeds consisted of seven grasses namely; Beefsteak plant (Fructus perillae), Sweet elephant grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides), Wild foxtail millet (Setaria viridis), Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), King grass (Pennisetum sinese), Chinese sorghum (Sweet sorghum) and Zea mexican schard (Purus frumentum) and two legumes namely; Chinese woad (Isatis tinctoria) and Chinese alfalfa (Medicago sativa). A laboratory germination test and pot emergence trial was carried out to ascertain their viability. The result of the experiment showed that Sweet elephant grass, napier grass and king grass recorded over 90 % germination and the least was 30 % in Chinese sorghum. Chinese alfalfa and wild foxtail millet had least germination percentage with 100 % Seed dormancy.Highest emergence rate, seedling length and seedling vigour indexwere observed in king grass than the other forage germplasms. The highest percentage emergence was obtained in king grass > sweet elephant grass > napier grass > Zea mexican schard > beefsteak plant > Chinese woad > Chinese sorghum, respectively. It was concluded that these forages can successfully be adopted as animal feed resources in Nigeria and therefore, recommended formulti-locational trials in all the ecological zones of the country.

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Production potential and chemical composition of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) at different ages for energy purposes

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb2017.16014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (25) ◽

pp. 1428-1433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kesia Faria Vidal Ana ◽

da Costa Barbe Tatiane ◽

Figueiredo Daher Rogerio ◽

Eustáquio Almeida Filho Janeo ◽

Samara Nunes de Lima Roberta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Production Potential ◽

Different Ages ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum Schum

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Gas production and in vitro degradability of sheep diets containing propolis ethanolic extract

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402018000300005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 277-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cintia Mirely de Araujo ◽

Fernanda Gomes Bezerra da Silva ◽

Daniela Pionório Vilaronga Castro ◽

Daniel Ribeiro Menezes ◽

Mário Adriano Ávila Queiroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Gas Production ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Experimental Diet ◽

Rapid Degradation ◽

Quadratic Effect ◽

Food Particles ◽

Colonization Time

SUMMARY This study evaluated the influence of the propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) on gas production and in vitro degradability of sheep diets. Five experimental diets (treatments) were evaluated: without addition of PEE; 6 mL PEE; 12 mL PEE; 24 mL PEE and 36 mL PEE/kg concentrate. The experimental diet consisted of 50% elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 50% concentrate. There was a quadratic effect (P <0.05) for the volumes of total gas production (Vt), gases produced by the rapid degradation fractions (Vf1), and for in vitro degradability at 120 hours (Deg120), where the lowest values of Vt, Vf1 and Deg120, were found for the inclusion of 9.4 mL PEE/kg concentrate. Gas production by fermentation of the slow degradation fraction (Vf2) presented a mean of 25 mL/g DM (P <0.05). The colonization time of food particles (λ) significantly reduced (P<0.05) with increasing inclusion of PEE. Thus, it can be concluded that the PEE up to the inclusion of 9.4 mL/kg concentrate was efficient in inhibiting in vitro total gas production and from the fractions of rapid degradation by 9.9 and 15.3%, respectively, in addition to promoting a reduction of 5.3% in degradability after 120 h incubation in diets with a concentrate: forage ratio of 50:50. Thus, the inhibition in gas production was proportionally greater than the reduction of degradability.

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Deposition of xylan isolated from Pennisetum purpureum on fibres of Eucalyptus globulus and characterisation of the composition of the surface xylans by immunolabelling and enzymatic peeling

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2018-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 915-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tarja Tamminen ◽

Atte Mikkelson ◽

Matti Siika-aho ◽

Kristiina Kruus ◽

Jaakko Pere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eucalyptus Globulus ◽

Potential Method ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Composition Gradient ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Oxygen Delignification ◽

High Quality ◽

Enzymatic Peeling ◽

Cold Caustic Extraction ◽

Hydrolysis Of

AbstractAdsorption of xylan on pulp is a potential method to improve its properties, especially refinability for high quality printing and writing (P&W) paper grades. In this study, elephant grass [Pennisetum purpureum(Schumach.)] xylan was used for this purpose. The xylan was extracted using cold caustic extraction (CCE) fromP. purpureumbrown pulp, produced by the Soda-AQ process (kappa 20). Xylan resorption was accomplished during the oxygen delignification phase of eucalypt [Eucalyptus globulus(Labill.)] pulp to avoid problems induced by the colour of the lignin-contaminated deposited xylan. Immunolabelling and enzymatic peeling methodologies were compared for the analysis of the spatial distribution of xylan in the fibre wall. The labelling appeared unevenly as faint and brighter patches on fibre surfaces. Increased labelling of xylan was detected on the samples with precipitatedP. purpureumxylan. The enzymatic peeling method using a total hydrolysis enzyme mixture yielded a composition gradient as a function of time, showing clear xylose (Xyl) enrichment in the very beginning of the reaction, reflecting hydrolysis of fibre surfaces. Pure xylanase and endoglucanase hydrolyses yielded different product patterns and kinetics compared to total hydrolysis, but interpretation of those results in terms of xylan localisation was not straightforward.

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