scholarly journals Echoes of Contemporary Indian Francophone Literature

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(59)) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Diana Mistreanu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Textual Representation ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes Shumona Sinha’s first novel, Fenêtre sur l’abîme (Window to the Abyss, 2008) from a cognitive perspective. As the narrator, a young Bengali woman named Madhuban, is struggling to make sense of her existence, past events and present sensations, as well as nightmares and memories unfold in an accelerating rhythm, questioning the impact of her life experience upon her mental health. Drawing on Alan Palmer’s typology of fictional minds, the aim of this work is to provide some preliminary remarks on the textual representation of the narrator’s mind, depicted on the verge of a mental breakdown triggered the by physical and emotional abuse she was subjected to by her family in Calcutta, and reinforced by her emigration to Paris.

scholarly journals The Impact of Childhood Emotional Abuse on Pain Interference Among People with Chronic Pain who Inject Drugs in Vancouver, Canada

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-713
Author(s):  
Amy Prangnell ◽  
Jean Shoveller ◽  
Pauline Voon ◽  
Hennady Shulha ◽  
Cameron Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Childhood Emotional Abuse ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective High levels of chronic pain interference with daily activities are known to negatively impact quality of life. Although mental health conditions have been associated with pain interference and child abuse, research has been mixed regarding it acting as a mediator, with even less known among people who inject drugs. Therefore, we sought to explore childhood emotional abuse and pain interference among this population. Methods Data were derived from two prospective cohort studies of community-recruited people who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada, between June 2014 and November 2016. We employed multivariable generalized estimating equations to examine the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and pain interference in the past six months. We also conducted a mediation analysis to examine whether mental health disorder diagnoses mediated this association. Results Among 822 eligible participants, 341 (41.5%) reported childhood emotional abuse. In a multivariable analysis, experiencing childhood emotional abuse remained independently associated with pain interference (adjusted odds ratio = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–1.70) after adjusting for a range of confounders. Results from the mediation analysis yielded a statistically significant positive average causal mediation effect (β = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.001–0.02). Approximately 12% of the effect was due to mediation. Conclusions Our results demonstrate among people who inject drugs with chronic pain, those who experienced childhood emotional abuse were more likely to report pain interference, which was partially mediated by mental health disorder diagnosis history. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating screening and appropriate treatment for mental illness into chronic pain treatment.

The Impact of Types and Extent of Trauma on Depressive Affect Among Male Juvenile Sexual Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer W. Jencks ◽  
George S. Leibowitz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Incarcerated Youth ◽  
Juvenile Sexual Offenders ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Depressive Affect ◽  
The Impact

High levels of depression have been found among incarcerated youth, which suggests that mental health problems are associated with delinquent behavior and are part of a constellation of risk factors that contribute to youth entering the juvenile justice system. In this project, we investigated trauma and mental health issues among male youth in residential treatment, and addressed the following questions: (a) Does childhood trauma predict current depression for male juvenile sexual offenders? (b) If so, do different types of traumas predict depressive affect better than others? and, (c) Does extent of trauma exposure predict depression? Data on incarcerated male juvenile sexual offenders were analyzed ( n = 379). Multiple regressions of various types of traumas and cumulative trauma and depression were conducted. Emotional abuse was the strongest predictor of depressive affect for this sample, and multiple exposures to trauma were the second strongest predictor.

scholarly journals The Impact of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment on Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoni Xiao ◽  
Mina Murat Baldwin ◽  
Franziska Meinck ◽  
Ingrid Obsuth ◽  
Aja Louise Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental and physical health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and aggression; however, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature would help clarify the magnitude and moderators of these associations, and the extent to which they may be affected by publication bias, as well as the methodological strengths and weakness of studies in this area.Method: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline will be employed to structure the review. Several searches will be carried out via databases including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstract, ERIC and EMBASE. Empirical peer reviewed research articles that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included in the review. This review will include literature written in either English or Chinese. Two independent reviewers will screen and assess studies for inclusion in the review as well as extract the data, with consensus reached through discussion in cases of discrepancy. A third reviewer will be consulted to resolve any discrepancies that cannot be resolved through discussion between the original reviewers. The relevant Newcastle-Ottawa scales will be used for assessing the quality of studies. If a sufficient number of comparable studies are retrieved, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Discussion: This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.

Difficulties Experienced by Women in Prison

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne B. Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Women's Prisons ◽  
Women In Prison ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Separation Problems

This article assembles data that identify some problems experienced by women incarcerated in prisons in the United States. Inequalities in occupational and educational programs offered in women's prisons in comparison with those offered in prisons for men are discussed. The impact of inadequate health and mental health services on the lives of these women is explored, and separation problems encountered by the woman prisoner and her family are examined. Some recommendations for change are suggested.

Hurricane Katrina's First Responders: The Struggle to Protect and Serve in the Aftermath of the Disaster

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. S214-S219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard J. Osofsky ◽  
Joy D. Osofsky ◽  
James Arey ◽  
Mindy E. Kronenberg ◽  
Tonya Hansel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Technological Disasters ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective: Hurricane Katrina highlighted both the crucial role of first responders in times of disaster and the resultant stress on them and their families. The primary objective of this study was to describe the mental health status and symptoms of first responders in the New Orleans area. We further hypothesized that given the extent of the disaster and slowness of recovery, symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression would not decrease after the first-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina.Methods: A total of 1382 first responders, including respondents from police, fire, emergency medical services, and city workers, participated in this longitudinal study. The first screening was conducted between 6 and 9 months after Hurricane Katrina and the second round of data collection was conducted 13 to 18 months after the hurricane. A subsample of the respondents (n = 87) were matched at both time points, which allowed for paired sample comparisons. We measured all of the respondents' levels of traumatic experiences, alcohol use, partner conflict, requests for services, posttraumatic stress, and depression.Results: More than one-quarter of the first responders reported the following traumatic experiences: witnessed injury or death (70%); damage to home (93%); injury to a friend (25%); and previous loss or trauma (30%). Data also revealed that at least 10% of the respondents had significant levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms; 25% of the participants reported significant levels of depression; and more than 40% reported increased alcohol use and conflict with partner (41%). A statistically significant decrease in the symptoms of posttraumatic stress or depression was not found within 18 months of Hurricane Katrina.Conclusions: Results suggest that the severity of the traumas experienced from both the impact of Hurricane Katrina and the subsequent recovery has important mental health implications for first responders. Reports of symptoms of anxiety or depression should be attended to so as to prevent increasing symptoms that could negatively affect the first responder and his or her family. These findings highlight the importance of not only providing mental health services for first responders but also having adequate plans in place before natural or technological disasters strike.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:S214-S219)

scholarly journals Association between panic disorder and childhood adversities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Joyce Zhang ◽  
Patryja Wiecaszek ◽  
Saber Sami ◽  
Richard Meiser-Stedman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Household Dysfunction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the risk of mental health difficulties in general, but the link to panic disorder (PD) has received comparatively little attention. There are no data for the magnitudes between ACEs and PD. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the overall, as well as the subgroups, odds ratio of having PD in adults who report ACEs, compared to adults who do not. Methods The study was pre-registered on PROSPERO [CRD42018111506] and the database was searched in June 2021. In order to overcome the violation of independent assumptions due to multiple estimations from the same samples, we utilized a robust variance estimation model that supports meta-analysis for clustered estimations. Accordingly, an advanced method relaxing the distributional and asymptotic assumptions was used to assess publication bias and sensitivity. Results The literature search and screening returned 34 final studies, comprising 192,182 participants. Ninety-six estimations of 20 types of ACEs were extracted. Pooled ORs are: overall 2.2, CI (1.82–2.58), sexual abuse 1.92, CI (1.37–2.46), physical abuse 1.71, CI (1.37–2.05), emotional abuse 1.61, CI (0.868–2.35), emotional neglect 1.53, CI (0.756–2.31), parental alcoholism 1.83, CI (1.24–2.43), and parental separation/loss 1.82, CI (1.14–2.50). No between-group difference was identified by either sociolegal classification (abuse, neglect, household dysfunction) or threat-deprivation dimensions (high on threat, high on deprivation and mixed). Conclusions There are links of mild to medium strength between overall ACEs and PD as well as individual ACEs. The homogeneous effect sizes across ACEs either suggest the effects of ACEs on PD are comparable, or raised the question whether the categorical or dimensional approaches to classifying ACEs are the definitive ways to conceptualize the impact of ACEs on later mental health.

scholarly journals Emotional Abuse and Mental Health of Women in Abusive Marriage in Communities in Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Victoria Ogwa Adikwu ◽  
John Johnson Edache ◽  
Mary Eru Iji ◽  
Egom Njin Ogar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

The study specifically examines the impact of emotional abuse on the mental health of women in abusive marriages in communities in Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. In order to achieve the objective of this study, the cross-sectional research method was adopted for the study. Data or the study was collected from a sample of 600 married women in Gwagwalada aged 18 and above using a self-structured questionnaire. The stratified and purposive sampling technique was used in selecting the sample from the study area. From the 600-instrument distributed only 594 was return without missing items or mutilation and this was used for analysis. Data collected from the field was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as tables, simple percentage and figure. The correlation analysis was carried using Pearson Product Moment correlation Analysis. Findings revealed that 95.2 per cent (566) of the sample in one time or the other in their marriage have suffered one form of emotional abuse, result also revealed that 93.8 percent of the respondents suffer psychologically as a result of emotional abuse from their spouse. The correlational analysis also revealed a strong significant relationship between emotional abuse and mental health issue among married women. The study therefore concludes that emotional abuse affects the mental health of married women in communities in Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. the study therefore calls for increase in support service for those in abuse relationship. Abstrak Studi tersebut secara khusus meneliti dampak pelecehan emosional pada kesehatan mental wanita dalam pernikahan yang "teraniaya" pada komunitas di Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini, digunakan metode penelitian cross-sectional untuk penelitian ini. Data penelitian terkumpul dari sampel 600 wanita menikah di Gwagwalada dan berusia 18 tahun ke atas menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Teknik pengambilan sampel bertingkat dan purposif digunakan dalam proses pemilihan sampel penelitian. Dari 600 instrumen yang didistribusikan hanya 594 yang dikembalikan tanpa item yang hilang dan ini digunakan untuk analisis. Data yang dikumpulkan dari lapangan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif seperti tabel, persentase sederhana, dan gambar. Analisis korelasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Analisis Korelasi Pearson Product Moment. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa 95,2 persen (566) sampel dalam satu waktu atau lain waktu dalam pernikahan mereka pernah mengalami salah satu bentuk pelecehan emosional, hasil juga mengungkapkan bahwa 93,8 persen responden menderita secara psikologis akibat pelecehan emosional dari pasangannya. Analisis korelasional juga mengungkapkan hubungan signifikan yang kuat antara pelecehan emosional dan masalah kesehatan mental pada wanita menikah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa pelecehan emosional mempengaruhi kesehatan mental wanita yang sudah menikah pada komunitas di Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyerukan peningkatan layanan dukungan bagi mereka yang berada dalam hubungan pelecehan.

Self-management of fear due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the changes it has brought to the everyday life (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrisi Vlachou ◽  
Alexandros Argyriadis ◽  
Agathi Argyriadi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Third ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The recent pandemic of the new coronavirus, COVID-19, has had financial and social repercussions apart from its consequences to the physical and mental health of humans. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to study the way of the self-management of stress and fear which has been caused by the pandemic crisis, as well as the impact of the pandemic on daily living. More specifically, the factors which influenced the management of the symptoms of fear, either in a positive or in a negative way, were studied, and also the ways individuals and their families use to manage fear. METHODS The method which was used was the case study of an adult female who lives and works in a Greek town, during the third curfew, in March 2021. The tool which was used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, by utilizing a questionnaire consisting of 10 open-ended questions. Before the start of the interview, a signed informed consent form was obtained. The questions were divided into three topic areas, with the first concerning the demonstration of stress before the pandemic broke out, the second concerning the fear during the pandemic, and the third dealing with the ways of managing fear, the availability of persons capable of helping, as well as the kind of help she could have sought to cope with this situation. RESULTS The results of this study showed the impact of the curfew restrictions for the management of the pandemic on the daily lives of the people who experience them. Before the start of the pandemic, stress was primarily related to work and to the need of maintaining a routine. Public fear intensified during the pandemic and the lockdown, both in relation to work and in relation to the pandemic itself, and also in relation to its effects on work and social life, and certainly on physical and mental health. Her stress affected the rest of her family members; however, her social network proved to be a significant support. CONCLUSIONS Stress and fear increased during the pandemic and the lockdown which was imposed in Greece in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This stress, which prior to the pandemic was focused mainly on work-related issues, spread to other areas of daily life, a fact that affected all the family members. Discussions and support from the husband, and also from the wider circle of family and friends, helped deal with and manage the situation which was caused by the pandemic, due to the special living conditions which were in force.

scholarly journals The impact of childhood psychological maltreatment on mental health outcomes in adulthood: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoni Xiao ◽  
Mina Murat Baldwin ◽  
Franziska Meinck ◽  
Ingrid Obsuth ◽  
Aja Louise Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and aggression; however, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature would help clarify the magnitude and moderators of these associations, and the extent to which they may be affected by publication bias, as well as the methodological strengths and weakness of studies in this area. Method The reporting of this protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement. Searches will be carried out via several databases, including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstract, ERIC and EMBASE. Empirical peer-reviewed research articles that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included in the review. Studies will be eligible if they include participants age 18 or over at time of mental health assessment, include information on childhood psychological maltreatment (emotional abuse and/or neglect) perpetrated by a primary caregiver or adult in the same household, and provide quantitative information on the association between these factors. Studies using prospective and retrospective designs and written in either English or Chinese will be eligible. Two independent reviewers will screen and assess studies for inclusion in the review as well as extract the data, with consensus reached through discussion in cases of discrepancy. A third reviewer will be consulted to resolve any discrepancies that remain. The relevant Newcastle–Ottawa scales will be used for assessing the quality of studies. If a sufficient number of comparable studies are retrieved, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Study-level moderators (i.e., year of publication, quality of the study and study geographical location) will be examined in the meta-analyses. Discussion This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Abuse, Mental State, and Health Factors Pre and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison among Clinically Referred Adolescents in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10184
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Stewart ◽  
Ashley Toohey ◽  
Angela Celebre ◽  
Jeff W. Poss
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Clinically Referred ◽  
The Impact

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, population surveys revealed increased levels of anxiety and depression, while findings from large-scale population data analyses have revealed mixed findings with respect to the mental health consequences for children and youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being and health-compromising behaviors of adolescents (12–18 years) previously referred for mental health services. Data were collected (pre-pandemic n = 3712; pandemic n = 3197) from mental health agencies across Ontario, Canada using the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health assessment. Our findings revealed no increased incidence of witnessing domestic violence nor experiencing physical, sexual, or emotional abuse. Further, there were no increases in the risk of self-harm and suicide, anxiety, or depression among our sample of clinically referred youth. Finally, results demonstrated no increase in problematic videogaming/internet use, disordered eating, or alcohol intoxication, and a decrease in cannabis use. Our findings add to the growing body of knowledge as to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and youth. Further, findings underscore the importance of understanding the nuanced impact of the pandemic on various subgroups of children, youth, and families and highlight the need for continued monitoring of outcomes for these children and youth.

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