Circumventing Circumvention: An Economic Analysis of the Role of Education and Enforcement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debabrata Dey ◽  
Abhijeet Ghoshal ◽  
Atanu Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Strategic Complements ◽  
Security Controls ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Privacy Breaches ◽  
Cost Parameters ◽  
Different Parts

The role of education and enforcement in ensuring compliance with a law or policy has been debated for more than a century now. We reopen this debate in the context of security circumvention by employees, currently a leading cause of information security and privacy breaches. Drawing on prior literature, we develop a microeconomic framework that captures employees’ circumventing behavior in the face of security controls. This allows us to obtain interesting insights that have implications for how an organization should employ anticircumvention measures. First, unless circumvention is rampant, education and enforcement often work better in combination, and not in isolation. Second, there are incentives for an organization to tolerate circumvention to an extent, even when education and enforcement are cheap. Finally, education and enforcement may be strategic complements or substitutes in different parts of the parameter space. When they are complements, if a change in cost parameters compels the organization to increase one, it would also require an increase in the other in lockstep. In contrast, when they are substitutes, an increase in one is associated with a decrease in the other. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.

Democratization in Serbia: An Analysis of Rational Choice and Structuralist Explanations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja Apostolov-Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Transitional Societies ◽  
The Face

This paper explains political democratization in Post-Milosevic Serbia, utilizing two different accounts of the democratization process: one rooted in the rational choice framework and the other in structuralism. While rational choice explains the decisive role of political leadership in overcoming path dependence, the structuralist explanations show the transnational linkages that encourage democratization in the face of domestic setbacks. This particular debate between the two types of explanations represents the larger debate concerning the role of internal factors and external linkages in propelling democratization in transitional societies. The paper concludes by integrating the two sets of explanations offered by each theoretical perspective, in order to develop a coherent understanding of Serbia's democratization.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v9i1.240

The Great Complement Shift and the role of understood subjects: The case of fearful

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gentens ◽  
Juhani Rudanko
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Control Patterns ◽  
The One

Abstract This article reports on a corpus-based study of diachronic change and constructional competition in the system of English complementation, with a focus on variation in non-finite complements of the adjective fearful. Fearful occurs with prepositional (of -ing) subject-controlled gerunds and with to-infinitives, which can further be distinguished into subject extraposition, subject control, and tough-constructions. Recent decades show a drastic decline of the to-infinitival patterns, concomitant to the loss of one of the senses of fearful. We examine the diachronic distribution and competition of the two construction pairs that show functional overlap, i.e. tough-constructions and extraposition constructions on the one hand, and infinitival and gerundial subject-control patterns on the other. This allows us to show the import of the ‘Great Complement Shift’ in the face of constructional attrition and to investigate new principles motivating the choice for either the to-infinitival or the gerundial subject-control construction. More specifically, the study provides further evidence for the ‘Choice Principle’, which involves the (lack of) agentivity of the understood subject in the event described by the lower clause. In this way, the study adds new explanatory factors and descriptive insights to our knowledge of the broader diachronic change known as the Great Complement Shift.

scholarly journals Prophetic Sira and the Construction of Indonesian Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Complexity ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

Indonesian Islam has gone through a long journey in its history since the first advent up to the present day. In this course, one should note that the process of Islamization was formed under a set of historical and cultural complexity. Among those, the role of Islamic preaching is the most important. Under this canopy, the process of transmission and transformation took the first place as the main force. As the Qur’an and Sunna are the major sources for all Muslims around the world. Both had also become the main streams in Islamicization. Seerat-e-nabi, beside the Qur’an, in this case has a place of honor. It became one of the major sources of all Islamic heritages in Indonesia. The prophet Muhammad PBUH (peace be upon him) was immersed within the Indonesian Islamic traditions in various fields and spheres. It is fair to say that the story of the islamicization of the Indonesian archipelago and the face of Indonesian Islam today is culturally formed by the determination of seerat-e-nabi, besides the Qur’anic scripture. In the other words, the birth and the face of Islam really depend on how its adherents interpret and take a cultural reception on the seerat-e-nabi. This paper tries to capture the prophetic heritage in Indonesian Islam in twofold analysis; transmission and transformation. The former tries to explore how the heritage of seerat-e-nabi flowed into the scene of Indonesian moslem life through various modes of transmission up to the present day. The latter aims at how the seerat-e-nabi became the force and inspiration for the various receptions of institutional matters.    

scholarly journals Face masks as layers of meaning in times of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 1354067X2095754
Author(s):  
Luca Tateo
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
The Other ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Way

The pandemic of COVID-19 has brought to the front a particular object: the face mask. I have explored the way people make-meaning of an object generally associated with the medical context that, under exceptional circumstances, can become a presence in everyday life. Understanding how people make meaning of their use is important. Using cultural psychology, I analyse preferences toward different types of face masks people would wear in public. The study involved 2 groups, 44 Norwegian university students and 60 international academics. In particular, I have focused on the role of the mask in regulating people affective experience. The mask evokes safety and fear, it mediates in the auto-dialogue between “I” and “Me” through the “Other”, and in the hetero-dialogue between “I” and the “Other” through “Me” The dialogue is characterized by a certain ambivalence, as expected. Meaning-making is indeed the way to deal with the ambivalence of human existence.

scholarly journals Er web- og tv-serien SKAM en serie om skam?

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Lykke Christensen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Negative Feeling ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Web Series ◽  
Active Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

In this article, I discuss whether the Norwegian teen web series drama SKAM (NRK, 2015-2017) is really about shame and to what extent the fictional characters of the series feel ashamed. The theoretical framework is based on a social psychological conceptualization of shame, supplemented by a micro-sociologically based analysis of the social meaning of face loss and shame. Shame may both entail a negative feeling and an active mechanism serving social and psychological purposes. The main characters of the series are used to analytically exemplify the role of shame and embarrassment. In conclusion, the series does thematize shame and the characters are often placed in conflicts that may give rise to shame. On the other hand, the series also suggests potential social strategies, to constructively avoid the face loss of shameful situations.

scholarly journals Engaged Anthropology and the Need for Empathy: Anthropological Interventions in the Face of the So-called Refugee Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-97
Author(s):  
Natalia Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Face ◽  
Engaged Anthropology

This paper is an attempt to consider how engaged anthropology could be practiced in connection with the refugee/migrant crisis. The author presents in detail three anthropological interventions conducted in Poznań, a city in western Poland: (1) the project “We’re All Migrants: (Re)gained Migration Memory”; (2) the campaign “Adopt a Lifejacket”; and (3) the campaign “Gallery without a Home.” At the same time, she criticises the sedentary perspective predominant in the public debate regarding refugees and migrants, and the reduction of the refugee/migrant figure to the category of an Other. She perceives a need to depart from the role of expert and to stimulate empathy by making people aware of the adventitious nature of their lot in life and by emphasizing closeness to the other person rather than constantly focusing on differences. She points to the divergence between engaged and applied anthropology, and the related challenges facing anthropologists in Polish institutions who want to get involved in building social sensibility and interpersonal solidarity. She also calls for the propagation of hope.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Multikultural di Pesantren (Upaya Membendung Radikalisme di Indonesia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Siti Mahmudah Noorhayati
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Face

Multicultural-Based Education in Pesantren (An Effort to Stem Radicalism in Indonesia). This study examines the role of pesantren in stemming radicalism. This is due to the wave of Islamic radicalism that keeps popping up on one side and terrorism on the other hand. It has disrupted the existence of pesantren. There is even a stigma that pesantren is a hotbed of terrorism and always fosters radicalism. Based on this fact, the conclusion of this study emphasizes the role of pesantren in stemming radicalism, that must be institutionally responsive and emphasize belief and morality. Pesantren education should be multicultural based, including an understanding of religious reality. As a religious education institution capable of processing and gathering all local wisdom in the face of Islam Nusantara, it is expected to deny the world’s perception on Islam that is always identified with the religion of terror and hatred.

scholarly journals Democratization in Serbia: An Analysis of Rational Choice and Structuralist Explanations

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja Apostolov-Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Transitional Societies ◽  
The Face

This paper explains political democratization in Post-Milosevic Serbia, utilizing two different accounts of the democratization process: one rooted in the rational choice framework and the other in structuralism. While rational choice explains the decisive role of political leadership in overcoming path dependence, the structuralist explanations show the transnational linkages that encourage democratization in the face of domestic setbacks. This particular debate between the two types of explanations represents the larger debate concerning the role of internal factors and external linkages in propelling democratization in transitional societies. The paper concludes by integrating the two sets of explanations offered by each theoretical perspective, in order to develop a coherent understanding of Serbia's democratization.

scholarly journals The role of the Other in getting to know the self

KÜLÖNBSÉG ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Rembeczki
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Practical Life

The paper investigates the role of the other in the emergence and understanding of the self both in Descartes’ philosophy and in phenomenological theories based on Descartes. For Descartes, the thinking entity is almost closed into itself, but upon close inquiry it turns out that ideas of other entities filter into its thinking and eventually influence it. Therefore, the ego’s experience of itself depends of its experience of other ideas, while the ego active in practical life is constituted through its relation to things encountered in the world. In some twentieth-century approaches the ego can only understand itself through another ego. For Husserl, the self comprehends itself as the not-Other, while for Levinas the face of the Other constitutes the self of the Ego receiving it, through their radical difference.

scholarly journals Identidade e lugar na metafenomenologia da alteridade Payayá

GeoTextos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamille Da Silva Lima
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
And Gender

A relação lugar-identidade apresenta uma ambivalência que vai da celebração à condenação, ganhando novo fôlego após os anos 1990 tanto com a relevância que os movimentos identitários de resistência (étnicos, raciais e de gênero) alcançaram, na luta pelo lugar, enquanto território, quanto na força que o clamor pelo respeito à diferença e pelo reconhecimento do sentido opressor e colonial da identidade receberam, questionando o papel dos processos de territorialização nos conflitos e na negação da diferença que promovem a captura do Outro pelo Mesmo. Deslocamos a questão da relação identidade-diferença para o nexo consciência-lugar, desfazendo esta associação que dá relevo ao sentido frente ao sem-sentido. A prevalência da consciência é compreendida como um dos instrumentos da razão imperialista-colonizadora, eurocêntrica, e por isso é necessário fissurá-la para um outro sentido geográfico de identidade. Mas como significar nossa relação geográfica e sua implicação para a identidade libertando-se das amarras da consciência e dos modelos coloniais de intelecção do ser? Este é o principal questionamento mobilizador do artigo, o qual será enfrentado a partir da experiência com os indígenas Payayá e da interlocução com a filosofia de Emmanuel Lévinas, como metafenomenologia, no sentido de um pensamento descolonial latino-americano. Abstract IDENTITY AND PLACE IN THE METAPHENOMENOLOGY OF THE PAYAYÁ’S ALTERITY The identity-place relationship presents an ambivalence that goes from celebration to condemnation, gaining a new impetus after the 1990s, both with the relevance that identity resistance movements (ethnic, racial and gender) have achieved, fighting for the place – as territory –, as with the strength that crying for respect differences and the oppressive and colonial sense of identity received, questioning the role of the territorialization processes in the conflicts and in the denial of the distinctions that promote the capture of the Other by the Same. We move the question of the identity-difference relationship to the nexus between consciousness-place, undoing this association that gives relevance to sense in the face of the non-sense. The prevalence of consciousness is understood as one of the instruments of the imperialist colonizing reason, Eurocentric, and therefore it is necessary to break it into another geographical sense of identity. But how do we give meaning to our geographical relationship and its implication to identity, freeing ourselves from the bonds of consciousness and the colonial models of the intellection of being? This is the main question that mobilized the paper, which will be faced from the experience with the Payayá natives and the interlocution with the philosophy of Emmanuel Lévinas, as methaphenomenology, toward a Latin American descolonial thinking.

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