Exogenous Probiotics on Biofloc based Aquaculture: A Review

The successful entrepreneurship of aqua farming relies on the production of aquatic animals in the cost effective, social and environmental friendly approach. Nevertheless, presently fish farming is suffering from various problems related to these. Biofloc technology and/or application of probiotics provide promising results to aquaculture in terms of improvement in the growth and survival of aquatic animals, along with other benefits such as maintaining water quality without causing pollution to the environment. Biofloc is mainly comprised of various beneficial microbial communities, but the action of some probiotics it contains is unknown. On the other hand, probiotics are single, known live microbial strains and their actions to the animals are well established. Therefore, probiotics are recognized for having the most important constituents in the aquaculture. Although biofloc method and probiotics applications are promised to have positive roles aforementioned, the fish welfare often disturbed as the survival of the animals are always less in the fish farming. These led researchers to try generate a new technique to minimize these concerns. Recently new strategy of integrating both biofloc and probiotics were introduced called the exogenous addition of known probiotic bacteria to the biofloc. The study was demonstrated in the area by keeping biofloc as a control. Results promised that addition of single or combination of known probiotics to the biofloc further improve the growth performance of animals in addition with the maintenance of water quality parameters. Besides they also were promising the highest survival to animals with the reduction of pathogenic microbes. An exogenous root of probiotic bacteria on biofloc based aquaculture is a novel approach; relatively less number of studies has been performed in the area. This review describes the impacts of exogenous probiotics on biofloc based fish culture systems.

Download Full-text

Effect of Different Stocking Densities on the Growth and Survival Rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Seeds in Batur Lake Floating Net Cages

Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences ◽

10.24843/atbes.2021.v05.i02.p03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Hikmah Nurazizah ◽

I Wayan Arthana ◽

Gde Raka Anggara Kartika

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Design Method ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Net Cages

Stocking density is an important factor in cultivation, it can save land use, and increase the efficiency of fish farming. The purpose of this research was to determine the different density information on tilapia seeds measuring 2-3 cm as an alternative to using tilapia (O. niloticus) seeds 7-9 cm in size so that they can be developed in Batur Lake. The research was conducted in January - March 2020 in the floating net cages in Trunyan Kintamani village, Bangli, Bali. The research used a completely randomized design method with three treatments and three repetitions. The Tilapia seeds used are 2-3 cm with different stocking densities, 100 ind/m3, 150 ind/m3, and 200 ind/m3. The parameters observed were SGR (Specific Growth Rate), absolute growth, SR (Survival Rate), FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio), and water quality including temperature, DO, pH, TDS. The results of this study indicated that stocking density did not have a significant effect on the growth and survival rate of tilapia seeds, because the temperature was too cold so that the tilapia seeds failed to adapt properly at the beginning of stocking and the physiological conditions of the fish were disturbed so that the fish experienced stress and went to died. Water quality parameters measured include temperature with a range value of 25.86-25.880C, pH with a range value of 9.08-9.13, DO (Dissolved oxygen) with a range value of 7.9-8 mg/L, and TDS (Dissolved solids) with a range value of 1040.25-1041.58 mg/L.

Download Full-text

Comparative Growth Performance of Oreochromis Hybrids and Selectively-Bred Strain (F8) in Malawi

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v5n4p13 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daud Kassam ◽

Marcus Sangazi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Maize Bran ◽

Better Than

Most fish farmers in Malawi culture unimproved fish strains whose growth is slow and mature while still small. Four strains of Oreochromis, namely; selectively-bred/improved O. shiranus (F8), two reciprocal F1 Oreochromis hybrids, and O. karongae as a control (mean weight 2.5 ± 0.7 g) were stocked at a density of 5fish/m2 in 9m2 hapas replicated three times, and cultured for 90 days at Bunda Fish Farm. Fish were fed twice a day with feed formulated using maize bran and soybean containing 30% crude protein throughout the experimental period. The final mean weights were significantly different (p<0.05) across the treatments whereby; hybrid O. shiranus (male) X O. karongae (female) was 12.09g, hybrid O. shiranus (female) X O. karongae (male) was 9.72g, improved O. shiranus (F8) registered 9.23g, and O. karongae was the least with 9.00g. Apparent food conversion ratio was also statistically different (p<0.05) across the treatments whereby; O. karongae was 3.63, hybrid O. shiranus (female) X O. karongae (male) was 3.25, improved O. shiranus (F8) was 3.16 and hybrid O. shiranus (male) X O. karongae (female) was lowest with 2.26. There were no significant differences on the water quality parameters across the treatments throughout the experimental period and were within the required ranges for growth and survival of tilapias fish species. The results suggest that Oreochromis hybrids may be suitable candidates for aquaculture in terms of production as they performed better than the improved O. shiranus and the control O. karongae.

Download Full-text

Budidaya ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) sistem akuaponik dengan padat penebaran berbeda

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.7.2.2019.24148 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Darwis Darwis ◽

Joppy D. Mudeng ◽

Sammy N.J. Londong

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Volume ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Experimental Fish ◽

The Difference

This research aimed to determine the stocking density that support the best growth and survival rate of carp cultivated in aquaponic systems, and to study the water quality of carp culture with different stocking densities in aquaponic systems. The study used 12 aquaria measuring 40x40x40 cm each (water volume of 50 liters). The experimental fish are carp (Cyprinus carpio) weighing in average of 3.5 g/individual. The fish were cultivated with different stocking densities as treatment, including A = 4; B = 7; C = 10 and D = 13 individuals/aquarium. The fish were fed with pellet at 5%/body weight/day with a feeding frequency of two times a day. The study was conducted for 4 weeks. Data consisting of daily growth, survival and water quality parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate) were measured once a week. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA. The results of the study showed that the difference in stocking density had no significant effect on the growth and survival of carp. Water quality was in a reasonable range to support the growth and survival of carp cultivated with aquaponic systems.Keywords: cultivation, carp, aquaponics, stocking density, growth

Download Full-text

The Affection of Fine Bubbles (FBs) Application on Growth Siamese Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Aquaponic System

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ◽

10.9734/ajfar/2020/v7i430127 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 30-36

Author(s):

Rahmad Afdillah ◽

Yuli Andriani ◽

Zahidah Hasan ◽

. Rosidah ◽

. Iskandar

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Good Condition ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Effective Pressure ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

This research aims was to determine the effective pressure on fine bubbles technology on the growth of Siamese catfish fry in the aquaponic system. This study uses a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. Treatment A (Control), Treatment B (FBs at a pressure of 4,5 atm), Treatment C (FBs at a pressure of 5 atm and treatment D (FBs at a pressure of 5,5 atm). The parameters observed were Specific Growth Rate, Survival Rate and water quality (Temperature, pH, DO, Ammonia) Data were analyzed using variance with the F test at a 95% confidence level. The best treatment for catfish growth was treatment D (5,5 atm pressure), which gave the highest SGR value of 7,24% and the highest SR value of 100%. The value of water quality parameters were in good condition for the growth and survival of catfish.

Download Full-text

Potensi budidaya ikan di Waduk Embung Klamalu Kabupaten Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat: Kajian kualitas fisika kimia air

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.1.3.2013.2719 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Agustina Frasawi ◽

Robert J Rompas ◽

Juliaan Ch. Watung

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Water Quality ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Good Condition ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Papua Barat

The objective of this research was to measure and analyze the water quality parameters including temperature, brightness, pH, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, carbon dioxide and BOD in reservoir Embung Klamalu Sorong regency, and to know the factors that affected the water quality of Embung Klamalu. Measurement of water quality parameters was done in situ for temperature, brightness, pH and in laboratory for dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, carbon dioxide, and BOD. The results showed the temperature at the five observation stations ranged from 26.2 to 29.8 0C, brightness 38 to 46 cm, pH 7.20 to 8.48 mg /L, dissolved oxygen from 7.20 to 8.48 mg / L, alkalinity 100 to 150 mg /L, carbon dioxide from 25.90 to 28.95 mg / L, BOD from 0.20 to 0.38. Refers to the standards of water quality according to the PP. 82, 2001, it could be concluded that water physical-chemical qualities in fish farming locations in the Village Klamalu were still in good condition. Keywords: Water physical-chemical quality, aquaculture, waduk Embung Klamalu

Download Full-text

Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Juvenil Teripang Pasir Holothuria scabra pada Pemeliharaan Dengan dan Tanpa Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp., Menggunakan Keramba Apung dan Tancap di Tambak

Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia ◽

10.14203/oldi.2020.v5i3.340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Dedy Kurnianto ◽

Lisa Fajar Indriana ◽

Abdul Wahab ◽

Syafriyadi Hafid ◽

Balkam Fadlan Badi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Raw Material ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

In The Wild ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Increment Growth

Growth and Survival of Sandfish Holothuriascabra Juveniles Grown with and without Seaweed Gracilaria sp., using Floating and Fixed Hapas in Earthen Pond. Holothuriascabra known as sandfish have long been used for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.Juveniles production is one of the ways to address the problem of raw material availability due to declining sandfish population in the wild. This research aimed to determine growth performance and survival of sandfish juveniles reared with and without seaweed Gracilaria sp. using floating and fixed hapas in earthen pond. The research was conducted from May to September 2014. A completely randomized design was used to arrange 12 hapas of four treatments groups with three replicates including floating hapas without Gracilaria sp. (ATR), floating hapas with Gracilariasp. (ADR), fixed hapas without Gracilaria sp. (TTR) and fixed hapas with Gracilaria sp. (TDR). Some parameters was observed includingweight increment, Growth Rate (GR),Specific Growth Rate(SGR), Biomass, Survival, and Water Quality. The result showed that GR and SGR were not significantlydifferent among treatments (P>0.05). Survial and Biomass showed significant difference among treatments (P <0.05). ATR has the highest GR, SGR, survival, dan biomass whereas TDR has the lowest GR, SGR, survival, dan biomass. Water quality parameters were in optimal range for sandfish rearing. AddedGracilaria sp.tend to inhibitGR, SGR, survival, dan biomass.

Download Full-text

Pemberdayaan Pembudidaya Kerapu Melalui Aplikasi Automatic Fish Feeder Untuk Efisiensi Pakan Di Tambak Budidaya Semi Intensif

ETHOS (Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian) ◽

10.29313/ethos.v7i1.4216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 108-113

Author(s):

Sulastri Arsad

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Power Efficiency ◽

Quality Measurement ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Appropriate Technology ◽

Automatic Feeder ◽

Water Quality Measurement ◽

Empowerment Program

Abstract. Empowerment program for grouper fish farmers in Labuhan Village, Labuhan Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency, aimed to share knowledge, increase partner understanding and skills on semi-intensive aquaculture ponds, monitor water quality parameters through water quality measurement training, and process grouper fish aquaculture using appropriate technology by introducing automatic feeder devices independently. This community service activity has been carried out in the Bhakti Usaha II Farmer Group in Labuhan Village, Lamongan Regency, targeting grouper fish farmer partner. This activity started from Mei to November 2018. The program consists of location survey, discussion and training about water quality measurement, as well as socialization and testing of automatic feeder machine, and monitoring and evaluation at the end. The discussion material presented includes criteria for grouper fish farming, feed management, and automatic feeder use. An auto feeder application in ponds is used for feeding efficiency and so that the feed given is absorbed by fish effectively. This is expected to reduce the cost of feed and farm power efficiency and increase production of cultivation crops and partner income. Overall, the empowerment program has reached 100% of activities, which the positive feedback from grouper fish partner is determined by questionnaire analysis. Abstrak. Pemberdayaan pada kelompok pembudidaya ikan kerapu di Desa Labuhan Kecamatan Labuhan Kabupaten Lamongan bertujuan untuk berbagi pengetahuan, peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan mitra dalam peningkatan teknologi semi intensif di tambak budidaya ikan kerapu, pemantauan kualitas air melalui pelatihan pengukuran kualitas air, dan proses budidaya ikan kerapu melalui pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna dengan pengenalan alat automatic feeder secara mandiri. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada Kelompok Petani Tambak Bhakti Usaha II yang berada di Desa Labuhan Kabupaten Lamongan dengan menyasar 1 mitra yang merupakan pembudidaya ikan kerapu. Kegiatan DM ini dimulai pada Bulan Mei sampai November 2018. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan yaitu survei lokasi budidaya, penyuluhan dan pelatihan pengukuran kualitas air, sosialisasi dan uji coba mesin automatic feeder, serta monitoring dan evaluasi kegiatan. Materi penyuluhan yang disampaikan meliputi kriteria budidaya ikan kerapu, manajemen pakan, dan penggunaan automatic feeder. Aplikasi autofeeder di tambak digunakan untuk efisiensi pemberian pakan dan agar pakan yang diberikan terserap oleh ikan secara efektif. Hal ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi cost pakan dan efisiensi tenaga tambak serta meningkatkan produksi hasil panen budidaya dan pendapatan mitra. Pelaksanaan kegiatan telah mencapai 100% dan memperoleh feed back positif dari masyarakat pembudidaya melalui kuesioner yang diberikan.

Download Full-text

IOT Based Smart Monitoring System for Fish Farming

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.f1089.0886s19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S) ◽

pp. 420-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Current Method ◽

Fish Farming ◽

High Water ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Levels ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Fish Pond ◽

Fish Ponds ◽

Fish Tank

The purpose of the current method is to create a safe and secure that helps the fish pond owners and aquatic planters in producing high quality fish by maintaining normal water levels in the fish tank. The flow of the low or high water in the fish pond will solve the long-term problem of killing fish in a fish tank. Each water quality can affect the health of animals alone. The flow of water on fish ponds discusses how every day should be monitored. This should ensure quality by handling the PH, membrane, temperature, ammonia etc. It is a symbol of good quality water quality standards and poor water quality pools and how it should be upgraded. It is recommended that a prerequisite to increase production by ensuring sustainable fresh quality, and consequently, priority should be given priority. Therefore, water quality parameters maintain balanced positions, culture is the basis for the health and development of living organisms. It is recommended to monitor and evaluate water quality parameters on a regular basis

Download Full-text

Effects of sampling frequency on estimation accuracies of annual loadings for water quality parameters in different sized watersheds

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2020.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 261-277

Author(s):

Lin Gao ◽

Junyu Qi ◽

Sheng Li ◽

Glenn Benoy ◽

Zisheng Xing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Sampling Frequency ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Quality Data ◽

Estimation Errors ◽

Water Quality Data ◽

Novel Approach

Abstract Potential errors or uncertainties of annual loading estimations for water quality parameters such as suspended solids (SS), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ortho-phosphorus (Ortho-P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) can be greatly affected by sampling frequencies. In this study, annual loading estimation errors were assessed in terms of the coefficient of variation, relative bias, and probability of potential errors that were estimated with statistical samples taken at a series of sampling frequencies for a watershed in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada, and one of its sub-watersheds. Results indicate that annual loading estimation errors increased with decreasing sampling frequency for all water quality parameters. At the same sampling frequencies, the estimation errors were several times greater for the smaller watershed than those for the larger watershed, possibly due to the flushing nature of streamflows in the smaller watershed. We also found that low sampling frequency tended to underestimate the annual loadings of water quality parameters dominated by stormflow events (SS and K) and overestimate water quality parameters dominated by baseflow (Mg and Ca). These results can be used by hydrologists and water quality managers to determine sampling frequencies that minimize costs while providing acceptable estimation errors. This study also demonstrates a novel approach to assess potential errors when analyzing existing water quality data.

Download Full-text

Freshwater parameters in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and their influence on fish distribution and aquaculture

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20150163 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carine de F. Souza ◽

Waterloo Pereira Junior ◽

Luciano de O. Garcia ◽

Felipe C. dos Santos ◽

Bernardo Baldisserotto

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

The State ◽

Fish Distribution ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Ph Variation ◽

Southwest Region

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the relationship between several water quality parameters (pH, hardness, alkalinity, turbidity, iron and manganese) levels measured over a 16 year period with fish distribution and aquaculture in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The mean pH values were within a neutral range (6.5-7.5), but the maximum and minimum values reached inappropriate levels for fish farming in some cities. Alkalinity levels were very low (except in the southwest region of the state), which may have contributed to pH variation. Hardness, turbidity, iron (except the region near Caçapava do Sul City) and manganese were within safe ranges for fish farming; however, turbidity levels occasionally increased to levels outside the safe range. In conclusion, the water quality in the Rio Grande do Sul, in general, can be considered adequate for aquaculture, but the fish farmers must be aware of the methods to reduce turbidity, such as the use of calcium sulfate.

Download Full-text