scholarly journals Resistant Starch Content of Traditional Indian Legume Preparations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Nigudkar ◽  
Jagmeet Gurminder
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Bengal Gram ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Foods rich in resistant starch RS can play an important role in the management of chronic diseases. Legumes contain higher amount of RS than cereals, roots and tubers. Therefore the current study was undertaken to estimate RS content of some commonly consumed Indian legume preparations. 26 cooked legume based products including 6 readymade traditional snacks were tested for their RS content using Megazyme Assay Kit for Resistant Starch. RS content was estimated for 100 g cooked food and for the cooked portion obtained by using 30 g of major ingredient. One way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test was used to compare the mean RS content in one portion of different categories of legume preparations. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. RS content of four types of plain pressure cooked dhal, common to Indian cooking, was in the range of 1.21 g% to 2.16 g% whereas aamti, a thinner preparation of dhal contained RS in the range of 0.42 g% to 0.69 g%. In both types of dhal preparations, red gram dhal showed highest RS content followed by bengal gram dhal. Usal made using bengal gram kabuli contained 2.38 g% RS followed by 1.42 g% RS in bengal gram brown usal. RS in bengal gram flour based traditional recipes like zunka, dhirda and pithle was 1.23 g%, 1.48 g% and 0.09 g% respectively. When mean RS content of one portion of different categories of legume preparations was compared, there was no significant difference p≥0.05 found among any of the categories. The results of the study generated useful data with respect to RS content in 100 g as well as RS in one portion of legume preparations and identified preparations with red gram dhal, bengal gram kabuli and brown variety and lentil as relatively higher in RS content.

scholarly journals Safe Pedestrian Behaviours among Children Aged 7 to 9 in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Low Fin ◽  
Nurfatin Suhaimi ◽  
Nur Nor ◽  
Amelia Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Large N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The present study examined safe pedestrian behaviours according to the Malaysian Road Safety Education module among 7-year-old to 9-year-old children in Malaysia. A survey was conducted with a relatively large (n = 1206) random sample of children aged 7 to 9 years old, drawn from 24 selected schools in six states in Malaysia based on the highest numbers of crash cases. Analysis of one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference in safe pedestrian behaviours between different ages. Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test indicated that the mean score of safe pedestrian behaviours for 7-year-old children was significantly higher than that of 8-year-old children (p = .004) and 9-year-old children (p = .021). No statistically significant difference was revealed between the 8-year-olds and 9-year-olds (p = .859) at the 0.05 level. Although many children reported safe pedestrian behaviours, low levels of certain safe pedestrian behaviours were also reported – less than 30% of the children aged 7 to 9 reported to ‘always’ wear bright clothes, walk against the traffic, and wave at the drivers to cross the road. In addition, a small percentage (9.9-13.6%) of children aged 7 to 9 also reported to ‘always’ wear dark clothes at night, cross the street between parked cars, and run to cross the road. These findings may inform programs to improve children’s safe pedestrian behaviours.

scholarly journals Estimation of Total Fluoride Concentration, Total Soluble Fluoride Concentration and pH among Various Brands of Toothpastes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha D Rani ◽  
Vijaya Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Group Analysis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc

Introduction: Fluoride toothpastes are a major reason for the decline in dental caries globally. For fluoride toothpaste to be effective, an adequate amount of Total Soluble Fluoride (TSF) must be available in the toothpastes. Aim: To determine and compare the Total Fluoride (TF), TSF and pH among various toothpaste brands. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted during October 2019 on 20 toothpaste samples, which belonged to four groups namely, herbal toothpastes group, nonherbal toothpastes group, medicated toothpastes group and kids toothpastes group. Analysis of the samples was done at the Department of Environmental Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Surathkal, Karnataka, India. The TF and the TSF concentration was determined using fluoride ion electrode. The pH was determined using pH meter. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 19.0). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used by Tukey’s post-hoc test to determine the difference between groups. The level of significance was kept at 0.05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the toothpaste types for mean TF concentration (p=0.004). The post-hoc test showed that there was a significant difference between herbal and nonherbal toothpastes (p=0.041) where the mean TF concentration for nonherbal toothpastes was 1095.20 ppm when compared to herbal toothpastes was 704.40 ppm. The results showed that there was a siginificant difference between the toothpaste types for Mean TSF concentration (p<0.003). There was a significant difference between medicated and kids toothpastes (p=0.024) where the mean total soluble fluoride concentration for medicated toothpastes was 938.60 ppm when compared to the kids toothpastes was 521.20 ppm. Conclusion: The present study showed that pH of all the toothpastes were either neutral or alkaline and the TSF concentration was less when compared to TF concentrations.

scholarly journals Fracture resistance of veneers in premolars

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmilla Azevedo Linhares ◽  
Larissa Fernanda Pottmaier ◽  
Guilherme Carpena Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the fracture resistance of ceramic veneers and composite resin veneers with and without dental preparation. Materials and Methods: Forty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were selected and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10): Group NPR = no dental preparation and direct veneer with 0.2 mm thick composite resin (Amelogen Plus, Ultradent); Group NPC = no dental preparation and 0.2 mm thick lithium disilicate ceramic veneer (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent); Group P2C = Tooth preparation of 0.2 mm and 0.2 mm thick ceramic veneer (IPS e.max Press); and Group P5C = Tooth preparation of 0.5 mm and 0.5 mm-thick ceramic veneer (IPS e.max Press). In all groups, the restorations covered 1 mm of the occlusal surface of the buccal cusp, and the thickness of this area was the same of the buccal area (0.2 mm or 0.5 mm). After the luting procedure, all groups were thermocycled (10,000 cycles, 5°C–55°C) and subjected to fracture resistance test under compression (Instron 4444 with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min). The mode of failure analysis was performed under a ×10 magnification. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: The mean fracture resistance (men ± standard deviation) was NPR = 690.33 ± 233, NPC = 790.52 ± 408, P2C = 1131.34 ± 341, and P5C = 983.56 ± 202. There were significant differences of the fracture resistance values between all groups (P = 0.013). NPR and NPC groups showed mean values of fracture resistance significantly lower than P2C. However, P5C presented intermediate values without a significant difference from the other groups. The mode of failure for all groups was mixed (60%), cohesive failures (20%), root failures (15%), and adhesive failures (5%). Conclusion: Minimally invasive tooth preparation (0.2-mm) allowed to achieve higher fracture resistance in premolars restored with lithium disilicate ceramic veneers. Attention should be given to the 0.5 mm preparation since catastrophic fractures only happened when this preparation depth was performed.

scholarly journals Profile of relative strength among various weight categories of senior national women weightlifters

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
V. F. Peter ◽  
Suhel Raza
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this study was purposively selected from the “Senior National Championship for the year 2018. Only women weightlifters participated in various weight categories, acted as the subjects. The age of the subjects ranged from 18-34 years. The total subjects were N=54, which were divided into three (3) groups of eighteen (18) subjects for each group. The first groups were low weight categories (48 kg. & 53 kg.), Second groups were middleweight categories (63 kg, 69 kg.) and third groups were upper group weight categories (90 kg, +90 kg.). In order to measure the relative strength of various lifters of different groups, the data was collected from the results of “Senior National Championship” Mangalore, Karnataka 21st to 25 January 2018. Descriptive Statistic (Mean, Standard Deviation), One-way, ANOVA (Analysis of variance) with post hoc test (LSD) was applied to analyze and compare the relative strength among the different body weight categories. The level of significance was set at 0.05. 3 indicate that there were significant differences in the entire three groups. However, group Lower had higher relative strength. After applying the post Hoc Test (LSD) it was found that there was a significant difference in all three groups in their relative strength.

Influence of moderate cigarette-smoking on the peri-implant clinicoradiographic inflammatory parameters around cement- and screw-retained dental implants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Retention ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Soft Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Adjustment Test

The aim was to assess the influence of moderate cigarette-smoking on the clinical (bleeding on probing [BoP] and probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (crestal bone resorption [CBR]) around cement- and screw-retained dental implants at 5 years’ follow-up. A questionnaire was used to collect information about age, gender, smoking history, duration of implants in function, jaw location of the implant, and daily toothbrushing and flossing. Peri-implant BoP, PD and CBR were measured in all groups. Group comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance and for multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni Post hoc adjustment test was performed. Level of significance was set at P&lt;0.05. Forty-eight patients (25 smokers and 23 non-smokers) had cement-retained dental implants; and 48 (24 smokers and 24 non-smokers) had screw-retained dental implants. Among patients with cement and screw-retained dental implants, PD (P&lt;0.05) and CBR (P&lt;0.05) were significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers. The peri-implant sites that demonstrated BoP were statistically significantly higher among non-smokers (P&lt;0.05) than smokers among patients with cement- and screw-retained dental implants. There was no statistically significant difference in peri-implant PD and CBR among smokers with cement- and screw-retained dental implants. Among non-smokers with cement and screw-retained dental implants, there was no statistically significant difference in BoP, PD and CBR. Cigarette-smoking is associated with an increased PD and CBR around cement- and screw-retained dental implants. Cigarette-smoking increases peri-implant soft tissue inflammation as well as loss of crestal bone and this relationship is independent of the type of implant retention protocol used.The author recommends that cement- and screw-retained dental implants are suitable for prosthesis restoration in non-smokers. Further studies on dual-smokers (individuals smoking cigarettes and other forms of tobacco products) are needed related to the clinicoradiographic inflammatory parameters around cement- and screw-retained dental implants

scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic ketamine and pethidine to control postanesthetic shivering: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Ali Rosom Jalali ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Shivering is an undesirable complication following general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, whose early control can reduce postoperative metabolic and respiratory complications. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of prophylactic injection of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 105 patients with short-term orthopedic and ENT surgery. The patients were randomly divided into three groups; 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, 0.4 mg/kg of pethidine was injected to the first group, 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine was injected to the second group, and normal saline was injected to the third group. After the surgery, the tympanic membrane temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The shivering was also measured by a four-point grading from zero (no shivering) to four (severe shivering). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.8+/-11.45 years in the ketamine group, 34.8+/-11.64 years in the normal saline group, and 33.11+/-10.5 years in the pethidine group. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in the mean age between the three groups (P=0.645). The incidence and intensity of shivering were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in the ketamine and pethidine groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence and the intensity of shivering between the ketamine and the pethidine groups (p=0.936). Conclusion: The results showed that the 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine could control the post-anesthetic shivering.  

scholarly journals Comparison of electrocardiographic parameters of racing and non-racing horses in Sokoto Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
B. Saidu ◽  
A.J. Ishaq ◽  
H.M. Ibrahim ◽  
A. Dahiru ◽  
A.M. Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standing Position ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Electrical Activities ◽  
One Way Anova

The study was conducted due to the economic importance of horses and shortage of information on electrocardiographic parameters of horses in Sokoto, Nigeria. This study established the normal electrocardiographic parameters of racing and non-racing horses in Sokoto and statistically compared the values. The study used forty horses comprising of 20 racing and 20 non-racing horses with mean age of 8 ± 0.5 years and average weight of 200 ± 2.0 kg. ECG was recorded using the base apex system with the animals in standing position using single lead channel ECG recorder (EDAN VE-100 manufactured by Edan instruments China). The paper speed was set at 25mm/s while the sensitivity of the machine was adjusted to 10 mm/mV. The durations and amplitudes of P, R and T, the durations of Q and S and the durations of PR, QRS and QT intervals were all determined. These parameters were determined for the three standard limb leads (I, II and III) as well as the augmented limb leads (aVR, aVL and aVF). Descriptive statistics using SPSS version 16 was used to calculate the means and standard error of mean at 95 % confidence interval. One-way ANOVA was used to compare between the values of the racing and non-racing horses. The highest values of P amplitude, R amplitude, Q amplitude, QRS complex and P-R interval were recorded in racing horses, while highest T wave amplitude was recorded in non-racing horses. Highest duration of P wave, T wave and QRS was recorded in racing horses while highest duration of Q wave was recorded in non-racing horses. Significant difference was found in the T amplitude in racing horses in lead aVF. The mean heart rate for the racing and non-racing horses was 80.3 ± 8.4 and 63.1 ± 9.2 beats/minute respectively. Higher values recorded in racing horses indicates that exercise has influence on electrical activities in horses. Keywords: Electrocardiograph, Non-racing horses, Parameters, Racing horses, Sokoto

Are Internal Medicine Residents Meeting the Bar? Comparing Resident Knowledge and Self-Efficacy to Published Palliative Care Competencies

2020 ◽  
pp. 104990912095480
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Moyer ◽  
Matthew S. Ellman ◽  
John Encandela ◽  
Laura J. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Rank Analysis ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Internal Medicine Residents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: There is a need for improved primary palliative care (PC) education and resident comfort with providing end-of-life care. Objective: Utilize a new instrument derived from published PC competencies to assess baseline Internal Medicine (IM) resident knowledge and self-efficacy in PC to identify educational gaps and create new PC curricula. Design: We created a 2-part instrument including a Knowledge Test (KT) and a Self-Efficacy Inventory (SEI) addressing 18 PC resident competencies across 5 domains: Pain and Symptom Management (PSM), Communication (COMM), Psychosocial, Spiritual, and Cultural Aspects of Care (PSC), Terminal Care and Bereavement (TCB), and Palliative Care Principles and Practice (PCPP). Setting/Subjects: The instrument was emailed to IM residents at our institution during academic years 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Measurements: Basic descriptive statistics were performed for the KT and SEI. Mean Rank Analysis and One-way ANOVA were utilized for the KT and SEI, respectively. Congruence was calculated between knowledge and self-efficacy. Results: The mean score on the KT was 73% (range 33-80%). There was no significant difference in knowledge among post-graduate year cohorts. Self-efficacy scores were lower for interns overall and in PCPP, TCB, and COMM domains. Knowledge was concordant with self-efficacy in 42% of participants, higher than self-efficacy in 10% of participants, and lower than self-efficacy in 48% of participants. Conclusions: For approximately half of respondents, high self-efficacy in PC did not correlate with high PC knowledge. A more focused curriculum is needed to help IM residents facilitate mastery of PC competencies by graduation.

scholarly journals Examining the Associations between Oases Soundscape Components and Walking Speed: Correlation or Causation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4619
Author(s):  
Djihed Berkouk ◽  
Tallal Abdel Karim Bouzir ◽  
Luigi Maffei ◽  
Massimiliano Masullo
Keyword(s):  
Walking Speed ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The feeling of calm and tranquillity provided by the oases of Algeria can disappear because of the outdated urbanization strategy which is based on the vehicle as a mode of transport. Walkability is one of the most adoptable sustainable strategies to reduce the negative mechanical transportation effects on the quality of life. This paper aimed to examine the correlation and the causation between oases soundscape components and walking speed. The methodology of this field study was based on an empirical approach at the urban settlements in three oases in Algeria. The correlation between walking speed and soundscape components was obtained through the use of the Spearman correlation test. A one-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to assess the effect of the soundscape components on walking speed. A post hoc Tukey test was adopted to explore the sound component that causes increased walking speed. In this study, no significant correlation was explored between the walking speed and the anthrophonical sounds. In contrast, the statistical analysis of the sound walks experience suggests a moderate and significant negative correlation between geophonical and biophonical sounds, with mean walking speed. The results showed that, the cause of the increase in the mean walking speed of the pedestrians is human sound. The findings suggest that further research is needed to focus on the long-term subjective investigation to explore the correlations and the effects between soundscape, walkability and walking speed.

The Effect of Thermoforming on Tear Strength of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Mouthguard Material in Various Thicknesses

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 657-662
Author(s):  
Phakphum Srinuan ◽  
Jeerapatr O. Baiyokvichit ◽  
Rasana Boonpeng ◽  
Tanapol Wongwisatekit ◽  
Pacharaporn Pattanasukwasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermoforming Process ◽  
One Way Anova

The effect of thermoforming on the tear strength of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguard material (Bioplast®) has not been widely investigated. The present study compared the tear strengths of non-processed and processed EVA specimens in various thicknesses. Two groups of EVA sheet (non-processed and processed) in three different thicknesses of 3, 4 and 5 mm were used in specimen fabrication. The processed EVA sheets were achieved by forming the EVA sheet on the cylindrical stone model with the pressure-molding device (Biostar®). Twelve of tear strength specimens of non-processed and processed group in each thickness were prepared following the modified ASTM D 624-00 guideline. The tear strength test was conducted using universal testing machine (Lloyd® 1K series) with the speed of 500 mm/min. The mean thickness and tear strength of the non-processed and processed specimens in each thickness were compared using independent T-test. The differences in the mean tear strength for each thickness of non-processed and process specimens were determined using one-way ANOVA. The mean tear strength and mean thickness of processed EVA specimens was significantly lower than the non-processed EVA specimens for every thickness (P ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean tear strength of EVA specimens among each thickness in both non-processed and processed groups. It can be concluded that the thermoforming process has the significant effect on the tear strength of the EVA mouthguard material formed by pressure molding device in every thicknesses. The tear strength of processed specimens were significant lower than the non-processed. Thus, it is more relevant for testing properties of the processed mouthguard material that the mouthguard material before processing.

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