scholarly journals Augmenting the Stability of OB Dump by Using Fly Ash: A Geo Technical Approach to Sustainably Manage OB Dump at Jharia Coalfield, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Gupta ◽  
Biswajit Paul
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Fly Ash Utilization ◽  
The Stability

This paper is mainly focused over the possible utilization of fly ash along with OB dump to enhance the stability of OB dump and thus provide a sustainable approach for better waste management of both these materials simultaneously. Instability of coal mine overburden (OB) dumps is an important problem in most of the coal mines like Jharia coalfields in India. This is mainly occurring due to sliding nature of the rock material, lack of vegetation etc. Numbers of Environmental and health issues are associated with these unstable OB dumps. As it may easily flow with running water can contaminate the nearby water resource as well as carbonaceous content of the dump causes air pollution due to simultaneous combustion. On the other hand management of coal ash that is produced from thermal plants is also an important task. Dumping of fly ash in open may cause number of environmental problems.Various geotechnical and physical parameters such as particle size analysis, specific gravity, density, and friction angle/cohesion test have been performed to check the stability of OB dump and to analyze impacts of fly ash utilization to stabilize the OB dump.

scholarly journals Recycling of Waste Solution after Hydrothermal Conversion of Fly Ash on a Semi-Technical Scale for Zeolite Synthesis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1413
Author(s):  
Rafał Panek ◽  
Jarosław Madej ◽  
Lidia Bandura ◽  
Grzegorz Słowik
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Al2o3 Content ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Zeolite Synthesis ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Waste Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Zeolites

Nowadays, using fly ash for zeolites production has become a well-known strategy aimed on sustainable development. During zeolite synthesis in a hydrothermal conversion large amount of post-reaction solution is generated. In this work, the solution was used as a substrate for Na-A and Na-X zeolites synthesis at laboratory and technical scale. Obtained materials were characterized using particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm. Produced zeolites revealed high purity (>98%) and monomineral zeolitic phase composition. The SiO2 content was in the range 39–42% and 40–38%, whereas Al2O3 content was 23–22% and 25–26% for Na-X and Na-A, respectively. TEM and BET analyses revealed Na-X zeolite pores were almost identical to commercial 13X with SBET in the range 671–734 m2/g. FTIR indicated slight differences between materials obtained at laboratory and technical scale in Si-O-(Si/Al) bridges of the zeolitic skeleton. The results showed good replicability of the laboratory process in the larger scale. The proposed method allows for waste solution reusability with a view to highly pure zeolites production in line with circular economy assumptions.

Micro-Treatment Mechanism Study on Ionic Soil Stabilizer Improving Clay

2015 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hua Luo ◽  
Xin Qiu ◽  
Yu Jie Wang ◽  
Jin Hong Wu ◽  
Shang Lin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Typical Soil

In order to study the treatment mechanism of the ionic liquid soil stabilizer, a series tests were performed for a typical soil, the red-brown clay. The basic physical parameters of typical soil were conducted by variety of tests, including particle size analysis, crucial water content coefficient, loss on ignition, organic matter content, etc. Furthermore, the treatment mechanism of the ionic soil stabilizer was analyzed, involving PH, conductivity, plasma emission spectra, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and BET test. The results indicate: Firstly, the ionic soil stabilizer is a sulfonated oleoresin with the features of water soluble, high conductivity and strongly acidic, which exchanged with cations adsorbed on the surface of clay particles to reduce the thickness of hydrated film and the electric double layer thickness. Secondly, it reduced the mutual repulsion energy between soil particles and made the flaky particles of clay minerals contact closely. Finally, it made the particles of clay be close to each other and gradually formed larger particles. Hence, the clay became denser. Therefore, the research provided a theoretical foundation and practical basis for the wide application of the ionic soil stabilizer in China's highway construction.

scholarly journals Complexes of some 3d-metals with a Schiff base derived from 5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulphonamide and their biological activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1387-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Malik ◽  
Suparna Ghosh ◽  
Liviu Mitu
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Bidentate Ligand ◽  
Octahedral Geometry ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
3D Metals ◽  
Complexes Of Transition Metals ◽  
The Stability

Using a bidentate ligand, a Schiff base of 5-acetamido-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2-sulphonamide, complexes of transition metals having the general formula ML2, where M = Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II), were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, electronic, ESR and IR spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. The conductivity data of the complexes suggests their non-electrolytic nature. The stability constants and free energy change for the complexes were calculated. Spectral studies and magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed an octahedral geometry for all the complexes. The ligand and its complexes were screened for their fungicidal activity against Aspergillus niger and A. flavus.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND STABILITY TEST OF RESVERATROL-CONJUGATED GOLD NANOPARTICLE WITH POLYVINYL ALCOHOL STABILIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
SUTRIYO SUTRIYO ◽  
RADITYA ISWANDANA ◽  
MARINA DWI HAFSHARI
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Chloroauric Acid ◽  
Stability Tests ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Effective Site

Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been developed as a promising effective site-specific drug to increase drug efficacy and reduce potentialside effects. However, AuNPs are unstable because they easily aggregate. This study aims to produce stable resveratrol (RSV)-conjugated AuNPs usingpolyvinyl alcohol (PVA).Methods: AuNPs were synthesized using the Turkevich method, which involves the reduction of chloroauric acid with sodium citrate as a reductor.AuNPs were then modified with PVA as a stabilizing agent and conjugated with RSV as a drug model in the carrier system. The formed conjugates werecharacterized using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size analysis, and high-performanceliquid chromatography. Furthermore, stability tests were performed in various media (2% bovine serum albumin [BSA], 1% cysteine, phosphatebufferedsaline [PBS] pH 4, PBS pH 7.4, and 0.9% NaCl) for 28 days.Results: RSV–AuNPs–PVA had a particle size of 78.75 nm, with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.356, zeta potential of −36.1 mV, and highest entrapmentefficiency of 78.1%±0.7. RSV–AuNPs without PVA stabilization had a particle size of 51.97 nm, with PDI of 0.694 and zeta potential of −24.6 mV. Theresults of the stability tests demonstrated that RSV–AuNPs–PVA was stable in 2% BSA, PBS pH 7.4, PBS pH 4, and NaCl 0.9% and were unstable in 1%cysteine. RSV–AuNPs without PVA were stable in 2% BSA and PBS pH 7.4 and unstable in 1% cysteine, PBS pH 4, and 0.9% NaCl.Conclusion: PVA can improve the physical stability of RSV-AuNPs conjugates.

scholarly journals Research on brightening modification of molecular sieves coated fly ash based on alkaline melting hydrothermal method

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangtian Gao ◽  
Jianan Liu ◽  
Helong Song ◽  
Jingkun Yang ◽  
Hongyan Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Binding Effect ◽  
Hydrothermal Modification

Abstract Improving the utilization rate of fly ash (FA) and realizing its resource utilization has always been a popular research topic in the application field of solid waste recycling. This paper aims to improve the basic brightness of fly ash (FA) before calcium carbonate coating, and realize the filling application of fly ash in medium and high-end paper. Taking advantage of the high brightness of molecular sieves (MS) (brightness ≥ 90 %ISO), the alkali melting hydrothermal synthesis (AM-HS) method was used to generate high brightness MS on the surface of fly ash. The results showed that the optimum conditions of alkali melting hydrothermal synthesis (AM-HS) modification were as follows: the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to fly ash was 1:1, the time of hydrothermal modification was 6 h, the temperature of hydrothermal modification was 80 °C, and the brightness reached to 64.54 %ISO; The results of SEM, particle size analysis and ultrasonic vibration showed that the surface of fly ash is covered by MS and has strong binding effect.

scholarly journals Impact of Fly Ash Fractionation on the Zeolitization Process

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Czarna-Juszkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Kunecki ◽  
Rafał Panek ◽  
Jarosław Madej ◽  
Magdalena Wdowin
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zeolite X ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Given

Coal combustion product in the form of fly ash has been sieved and successfully utilised as a main substrate and a carrier of silicon and aluminium in a set of hydrothermal syntheses of zeolites. The final product was abundant in zeolite X phase (Faujasite framework). Raw fly ash as well as its derivatives, after being sieved (fractions: ≤ 63, 63–125, 125–180 and ≥ 180 µm), and the obtained zeolite materials were subjected to mineralogical characterisation using powder X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, laser diffraction-based particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The influence of fraction separation on the zeolitization process under hydrothermal synthesis was investigated. Analyses performed on the derived zeolite X samples revealed a meaningful impact of the given fly ash fraction on synthesis efficiency, chemistry, quality as well as physicochemical properties, while favouring a given morphological form of zeolite crystals. The obtained zeolites possess great potential for use in many areas of industry and environmental protection or engineering.

CNTs Mixed into W and B by Ball-Milling Method and their Application in Delay Composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 924 ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Yi Wang ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Qing Jie Jiao ◽  
Bao Liang Han
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Milling Method ◽  
Delay Composition ◽  
The Stability

With the progress in science and technology, the dynamic security, the reliability, the accuracy and the stability of delay composition in complicated condition attracts more and more attentions. Traditional delay composition can not meet our requirements of the reliability and security. Its the first time carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with high heat conductivity and high intensity are added into the system of Tungsten type delay composition and boron type delay composition. CNTs were mixed into W and B by ball-milling method. Particle size analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are utilized to analyse the size structure and dispersity of W/ CNTs and B/ CNTs. Optimum conditions of preparing W/CNTs and B/CNTs were found to apply to fuel agent of delay composition. In addition, burning rate and delay precision of the four delay charges (BaCrO4/W, BaCrO4/W/CNTs,BaCrO4/B and BaCrO4/B/CNTs delay compositions) were reseached. Results show that delay compositions added to CNTs had higher burning rate and better delay precision than original delay charges (burning rate of BaCrO4/W/CNTs was as much as 3-4 times higher than that of BaCrO4/W under the same constraints. Meanwhile, burning rate of BaCrO4/B/CNTs is 2 times higher than that of BaCrO4/B). Especially, the ignition reliability of charges added to CNTs were improved while charge density exceeds about 6000 Kg/m3. So the addition of certain amount of CNTs in the delay compositions can obviously increase the burning rate and the ignition reliability of delay compositions.

Suitability of Malaysian Fly Ash for Geopolymer Synthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmer Ali Siyal ◽  
Khairun Azizi Azizli ◽  
Lukman Ismail ◽  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Muhammad Irfan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Amorphous Form ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Silica Alumina

Fly ash is a pozzolanic material which is produced during coal combustion in thermal power plants. This paper investigates the suitability of Malaysian fly ash for geopolymer synthesis. Chemical composition analysis, particle size analysis, amorphous and crystalline phases present, bonding nature, and microstructural behavior are used to determine the suitability of fly ash for geopolymer synthesis. The results showed that fly ash contains silica, alumina, ferrous oxide, and calcium oxide in major proportions which are the main ingredients required for geopolymer synthesis. Higher portion of particles having size in the range of 1-15 µm. Fly ash contains quartz, mullite, and ferrite as the crystalline compounds while the major portion of fly ash is in amorphous form. The band due to asymmetric stretching vibration mode of Si-O-T appears at 1095 cm-1 which is the main band used to follow geopolymer formation. Microstructure of fly ash shows that the higher portion of fly ash is in amorphous form while it contains cenospheres, magnetic spheres, carbon, and a large number of small particles. Malaysian fly ash is a suitable material for geopolymer and it can be used for geopolymer synthesis.

scholarly journals Stabilization to prevent soil erosion using vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.) in slopes: a field case study of selected grounds at Guatemala

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
E. Garzón ◽  
Flor M. González-Miranda ◽  
J. Reca ◽  
P.J. Sánchez-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Internal Friction Angle ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Field Case ◽  
Chrysopogon Zizanioides

The effects of Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) on the hydrophysical properties of soils and infiltration rate have been determined. Thus, it has been examined the stabilization to prevent soil erosion using vetiver in slopes, studying a field case of selected grounds at Guatemala. The particle size analysis of the soil samples showed a predominant sand fraction and a plasticity index of 7.9 %. The results indicated that these soils were fairly acid with worthless salinity and non-swelling. The specific surface area, determined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, ranged from 11.7 - 15.5 m2 /g and the pore sizes between 17-160 µm, which changed to 20-100 µm, with predominant pore size around 40 µm after cultivation. The characteristics of the soils showed the presence of cohesion (2.05 t/m2) and an internal friction angle Ф = 31.69º. After the plantation, it has been found a decrease in the cohesion and an increase of the internal friction angle. The sowing of vetiver affected the infiltration characteristics of the soil. An analysis using the Kostiakov-Lewis classical model, with a mathematical fitting, has been performed. From these results, it has been deduced that the slope protected using this plant diminished its infiltration rate, being associated to the compaction caused by the plant roots. The present results demonstrated that the plantation of vetiver is effective to stabilize and prevent slopes from the soil erosion caused by severe rainfall events.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document