scholarly journals A Study of Availability and Utilization of Water Resources in Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-559
Author(s):  
B S Sidhu ◽  
Rakesh Sharda ◽  
Sandeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Resource Estimation ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Impact

While water is renewable, only a finite amount of it is available. Rapid urbanization, industrial development, and growth in food demand contribute to the shortage of freshwater in many countries. The limited availability of surface water and its uneven distribution in time and space has increased the dependence on groundwater (GW) in Punjab. Its irrigation development is characterized by excessive extraction of GW to meet the crop water requirements for ensuring the country’s self-reliance in food. GW development guided by populist political pronouncements has contributed to serious environmental and ecological concerns. The paper, using the GW resource estimation methodology-2015, assesses the net annual replenish able GW availability (21.58 billion cubic meters) and GW extraction (35.78 billion cubic meters), and thus a stage of GW extraction of 166%. It analyses the impact of continuous GW mining on the long-term behaviour of water table. Considering the declining availability of surface water under climate change, it is a high time to study the emerging GW scenario more scientifically and prescribe a policy framework for the future.

scholarly journals The Impact of Urbanization on Water Quality: Case Study on the Alto Atoyac Basin in Puebla, Mexico

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Andrés Estrada-Rivera ◽  
Alfonso Díaz Fonseca ◽  
Samuel Treviño Mora ◽  
Wendy Argelia García Suastegui ◽  
Edith Chávez Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Population growth, poorly planned industrial development and uncontrolled production processes have left a significant footprint of environmental deterioration in the Alto Atoyac watershed. In this study, we propose using the integrated pollution index (PI) to characterize the temporary variations in surface water quality during the rapid urbanization process in the municipalities of San Martín Texmelucán (SMT) and Tepetitla de Lardizabal (TL), in the states of Puebla and Tlaxcala, between 1985 and 2020. We assessed the correlation between the population growth rate and the water quality parameters according to the Water Quality Index (ICA). The contribution of each polluting substance to the PI was determined. The industry database was created and the increase in population and industry, and their densities, were estimated. The results indicated that the temporal pattern of surface water quality is determined by the level of urbanization. The water integrated pollution index (WPI) increased with the passage of time in all the localities: SLG 0.0 to 25.0; SMTL 25.0 to 29.0; SRT 4.0 to 29.0; VA 6.0 to 30.0; T 3.5 to 24.0 and SMA 4.0 to 27.0 from 2010 to 2020, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the five parameters (BOD5, COD, CF, TU and TSS) in the six localities were positive with the population. The values that showed a higher correlation with the population were: SLG (FC 0.86), SMTL (BOD5 0.61, COD 0.89, TSS 0.64) and SRT (TU 0.83), corresponding to highly polluted localities, which generates complex and severe environmental implications due to the unsustainable management of water resources. Achieving the sustainability of water in the watershed is a challenge that should be shared between society and state. This type of research can be a useful tool in making environmental management decisions.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Building Energy Consumption: A Review of the Impact of Weather Parameters Influenced by Climate Change on Household Heating and Cooling Demands of Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hassan Bazazzadeh ◽  
Adam Nadolny ◽  
Seyedeh Sara Hashemi Safaei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The Impact

The growth of urban population as the result of economic and industrial development has changed our place of living from a prosperous place to where the resources are carelessly consumed. On the other hand, long-term climate change, i.e. global warming, has had adverse impact on our resources. Certain resources are on the verge of depletion as the consequence of climate change and inconsiderate consumption of resources, unless serious measures are implemented immediately. The building sector, whose share in the municipal energy consumption is considerably high, is a key player that may successfully solve the problem. This paper aims to study the effects of climate change on the energy consumption of buildings and analyze its magnitude to increase the awareness of how construction can reduce the overall global energy consumption. A descriptive-analytical method has been applied to analyze valid models of energy consumption according to different scenarios and to interpret the conditions underlying current and future energy consumption of buildings. The results clearly show that the energy consumption in the building sector increasingly depends on the cooling demand. With that being said, we can expect the reduction of overall energy consumption of buildings in regions with high heating demands, whereas rising the energy consumption in buildings is expected in regions with high cooling demand. To conclude, the long-term climate change (e.g. global warming) underlies the increased energy consumption for the cooling demand whose share in total energy consumption of buildings much outweighs the heating demand. Therefore, to conserve our resources, urban energy planning and management should focus on working up a proper framework of guidelines on how to mitigate the cooling loads in the energy consumption patterns of buildings.

scholarly journals The Basel III net stable funding ratio and a risk-return tradeoff: Bank-level evidence from Vietnam.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-274
Author(s):  
Van Dan Dang
Keyword(s):  
Policy Framework ◽  
Basel Iii ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Risk Return ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Bank Funding ◽  
The Impact

The Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) liquidity rule under Basel III guidelines is designed to handle long-term liquidity risk, promoting the sustainable structures of bank funding. This study estimates the NSFR and analyses the impact of this liquidity ratio on banks according to a risk-return trade-off in Vietnam prior to the Basel III implementation. Using yearly data for commercial banks from 2007 to 2018, I find that banks with higher NSFR gain more potential benefits than banks with lower NSFR. Concretely, a rise in NSFR increases bank profitability and decreases bank funding costs, credit risks and liquidity creation, as evidenced by a comprehensive set of alternative measures. The findings of this study offer insightful implications on the bank policy framework advocating the Basel III liquidity regulation in Vietnam as well as other emerging markets.

scholarly journals The impact of environmental conditions on water salinity in the area of the city of Inowrocław (north-central Poland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Hulisz ◽  
Arkadiusz Krawiec ◽  
Sylwia Pindral ◽  
Łukasz Mendyk ◽  
Kamila Pawlikowska
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Zechstein Salt ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

AbstractThe article presents the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the chemical and physical properties of surface water and groundwater in the area of the city of Inowrocław. It has been shown that the properties of the waters were most strongly affected by the specific geological structure (the city is located within the Zechstein salt dome) as well as the long-term influence of a salt mine and soda plant. The composition of most analysed samples was dominated by Ca2+, Na+and Cl−ions. In places of heavy industrial activity, some water parameters were several time higher than permissible limit values according to Polish standards. It is concluded that, due to the threat to the city’s drinking groundwater resources and fertile soils, the surface water and groundwater in the area in question require permanent monitoring.

scholarly journals An emergency strategy framework for managing COVID-19 in long-term care facilities in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lloyd-Sherlock ◽  
João Bastos Freire ◽  
Meirelayne Duarte ◽  
Monica Frank ◽  
Karla Giacomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Local Implementation ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a novel policy framework to support government responses to COVID-19 in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in low and middle-income countries. It focuses on issues that are of specific relevance to Brazilian policy-settings, including examples of its local implementation. The CIAT Framework combines and summarizes broad elements for an emergency strategy to address the potential effects of COVID-19. The 4 steps of the Framework entail policies to coordinate, identify, assess, and target support. Those policies can be applied immediately to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTCFs. It is, however, essential to situate these responses within a more comprehensive and permanent strategy. Intersectoral collaboration must evolve into a fully institutionalized system.

The Victorians, Islam and the Idea of Progress

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-136
Author(s):  
Martin Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
National Character ◽  
Term Trend ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend

This chapter assesses Victorian progress, and considers a marked shift in British thinking during the nineteenth century. After the comparative tolerance of the eighteenth century, the Victorian era saw a distinct deterioration in British attitudes towards Islam, culminating in an almost fanatical view of Muslims by the later nineteenth century. While there is a variety of explanations for the long-term trend, the fundamental one lay in the impact of the process of industrialisation that had set in during the late eighteenth century and that had left Britain apparently the world's leading power by the 1850s. Many Victorians convinced themselves that their success was underpinned by something distinctive in the English national character or experience. Even when confronted with the evidence produced by mid-century investigations into widespread poverty, many Victorians retained their self-confidence, arguing that if industrial development continued for another generation it would inevitably generate employment and spread prosperity for all who were able and willing to work.

scholarly journals From Pilot to Scale - A Framework for Development Practitioners for Market Driven Vocational Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-674
Author(s):  
Jaime Moll de Alba ◽  
Virpi Stucki
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
System Development ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

Partnerships bringing together both the private and the public sector, as well as development actors might play an important role in facilitating the acquisition of skills and thereby support sustainable socio-economic development, notably in the manufacturing sector. The participation of the private sector in such partnerships contributes to enhance the adequacy between skills supply and demand and thereby spurs employability and economic activity. This paper makes use of the case study method to analyse the role of this kind of partnership in skills acquisition in five industrial development projects in Africa. We hypothesize that the Market System Development (MSD) approach offers potential to enhance the impact of skills acquisition partnerships. We conclude by proposing an innovative framework to support policymakers and development practitioners to conceptualise new skills development partnerships through the application of the MSD approach contributing to systemic change and long-term sustainability.

A Study on the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Indian Economy

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Suresh Babu ◽  
C. Sreeramulu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Fund Flow ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is fund flow between the countries in the form of inflow or outflow by which one can able to gain some benefit from their investment whereas another can exploit the opportunity to enhance the productivity and find out better position through performance. The effectiveness and efficiency depends upon the investors perception, if investment with the purpose of long term then it is contributes positively towards economy on the other hand if it is for short term for the purpose of making profit then it may be less significant. Depending on the industry sector and type of business, a foreign direct investment may be an attractive and viable option. Any decision on investing is thus a combination of an assessment of internal resources, competitiveness, and market analysis and market expectations. The FDI may also affect due to the Government trade barriers and policies for the foreign investments and leads to less or more effective towards contribution in economy as well as GDP of the economy Foreign direct investment (FDI) as a strategic component of investment is needed by India for achieving the economic reforms and maintains the pace of growth and development of the economy. The paces of FDI inflows in India initially were low due to regulatory policy framework but there is a sharp rise in investment flows from 2005 towards because of the new policy has broadened. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been viewed as a power affecting economic growth (EG) directly and indirectly. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the impact of FDI on economic growth in India.

scholarly journals The impact of the proposed rubber dam facilitated surface water irrigation on adjacent groundwater at Chapai Nawabganj district, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondipon Paul ◽  
Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Groundwater Resource ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
Irrigation Practice ◽  
Groundwater Condition ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Groundwater Lowering

AbstractThe dry season irrigation primarily depends on groundwater in Bangladesh. The over-abstraction, along with decreasing recharge, is depleting the groundwater resource across the country. Consequently, the government of Bangladesh is planning to switch from groundwater to surface water irrigation. In line with this, Bangladesh Water Development Board has proposed to construct a rubber dam on the Mohananda river at the Chapai Nawabganj district. This work investigated the impact of the proposed reservoir facilitated surface water irrigation on the adjacent groundwater in the study area. A coupled river–groundwater modeling technique was used to predict the long-term groundwater condition. Results showed that the groundwater lowering rate reduced to 50 mm/year inside the irrigation zone compared to 87 mm/year outside the zone. Also, the augmented surface water irrigation raised the groundwater over an area of 141 km2 and 242 km2 in 2029 relative to the base condition of 2013 and existing irrigation practice if continued, respectively. Besides, the raised groundwater resulted in a higher discharge from the aquifer to the river. The study concludes that increased surface water irrigation successfully lowered the groundwater declination rate, especially in the surface water irrigation zone.

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