scholarly journals A NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE OF IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURIAL IDENTITY: LITERATURE REVIEW AND IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDIES IN THE POST SOCIALIST SOCIETIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Žilvinas Židonis
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Opportunity Discovery ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Research Stream

This article aims to contribute to better understanding of immigrant entrepreneurial identity formation from the perspective of autobiographical narrative analysis. Research on immigrant entrepreneurship identity has been dominated by works of scholars who basically fall into two main steams. The first one deals with such issues as ethnic, female entrepreneurship, and in many cases it reduces immigrant entrepreneurship identity to an ethno-cultural phenomenon, which exists outside or at least in the margins of official economy and mainstream society. The second research stream elaborates on rapidly emerging field of transnationalism studies. From the perspective of identity, transnational entrepreneurs are considered as new “nomads” who migrate from one country to another and maintain linkages with their former country of origin. The article argues that, in spite of extensive and numerous research studies, little has been said about how individuals identify themselves as immigrant entrepreneurs. The article delivers two main propositions. First, instead of “labelling” immigrant entrepreneurs, such as “ethnic”, “female”, or “transnational”, we should approach identity phenomena from the perspective of opportunity discovery and opportunity realisation. Proposition is based on the assumption that opportunity is the generic theme in entrepreneurial discourse. Second, the article proposes autobiographical approach to show how immigrants construct entrepreneurial identity by narrating opportunity, which lies in the centre of any entrepreneurship story.

scholarly journals Serving whom? Immigrant entrepreneurs in a new local context

2019 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Lilius ◽  
Hossam Hewidy
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Visible Part ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In Helsinki, the current number of immigrants is quickly rising. Ethnic retail has emerged as a new, but visible, part of the city landscape. Compared to other European countries, becoming an entrepreneur is typically not very popular in Finland. Therefore, in this paper, we seek to comprehend this phenomenon and more specifically discover: what motivates immigrants to become entrepreneurs; what is the impact of their background and culture on the phenomenon; and finally, is the help provided by the city useful for them? Based on interviews and observations, we conclude that immigrant entrepreneurship facilitates in fluid ways the maintenance of cultural practices, while simultaneously enhancing meaningful encounters between immigrants and mainstream society. In our sample, we identify three types of entrepreneurs: growth-oriented, investors and status builders, as well as freedom and stability seekers. Although the groups are neither mutually exclusive nor collectively exhaustive, they display differences in certain aspects, which include their ways of entering into entrepreneurship, how their business is run, who their main clientele is, as well as in the future prospects for their businesses. We further infer that immigrant entrepreneurs, via their practices, also participate in making immigrant needs visible to politicians and policy-makers, thus also adding a layer to the local context within which they operate. However, we surmise that more effort is needed in addressing the freedom and stability seeker entrepreneurs if the aim of the city is to anchor immigrant retail in the city.

scholarly journals The entrepreneurial financing of the immigrant entrepreneurs: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Malki ◽  
Timur Uman ◽  
Daniel Pittino
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Financing

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in the phenomenon of immigrant entrepreneurship. Despite the growing number of studies, the financing aspect of immigrant entrepreneurship is still an emergent subject. In this paper, we critically and systematically review the field of the entrepreneurial financing of immigrant entrepreneurs. For this purpose, we conduct a two-step analysis of 37 systematically selected articles. In the first step, we provide an overall description of the field, while in the second step we perform a SWOT analysis on different aspects of the field, including the units of analysis, the main questions, and the use of theories and methods in the field. The review identifies gaps and weaknesses in the field, suggests potential opportunities for future research, and highlights some threats that could impede the implementation of future opportunities. Finally, the review suggests further questions to be explored for future advancement of knowledge in the field.

scholarly journals Economic Contributions and Challenges of Immigrant Entrepreneurs to Their Host Country – Case of African Immigrants in Auckland, New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Olufemi Muibi Omisakin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Definition Of

Entrepreneurship is an important concept in both developing and developed societies today. Although there is no consensus on the definition of entrepreneurship, it is believed to be a process of creating value by bringing together a unique package of resources to exploit entrepreneurship opportunities (Morris, 2002). This study aims to discover the economic contributions and challenges of immigrant entrepreneurs to their host country, and focuses on African small business owners in Auckland, New Zealand. Literature on immigrant entrepreneurship was reviewed, resulting in a discussion of the economic contributions of immigrant entrepreneurship as well as its challenges. Data was collected using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, observation and field notes as the sources of inquiry. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 17 participants. All participants were African immigrant small business owners running businesses in Auckland. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data collected (Braun & Clarke, 2006). 

Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-245
Author(s):  
Chibwe Chisala
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Transfer Of Skills ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs

This chapter enriches the knowledge base on immigrant entrepreneurship and outlines the critical role immigrant entrepreneurs play in socio-economic settings of African communities. It particularly investigates the contributions of immigrant entrepreneurship to Zambia's economic development. The chapter is anchored on the embedded mixed theory and an African humanist philosophy of Ubuntu. It tries to change the perception of the native citizens towards immigrants as such, avert the social challenges that immigrants encounter in host countries such as xenophobia or afrophobia. By employing a qualitative methodology approach, the chapter argues that immigrant entrepreneurs have had a positive impact on Zambia's socio-economic development through the creation of jobs, transfer of skills and competences. The chapter recommends that immigrant entrepreneurship should be supported and mainstreamed into national economic development policies of African countries.

scholarly journals To Be or Not to Be an Ethnic Firm: An Analysis of Identity Strategies in Immigrant-owned Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diya Das ◽  
Eileen Kwesiga ◽  
Shruti Sardesmukh ◽  
Norma Juma
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Identity Strategies ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Organizational Mortality ◽  
Contextual Moderators ◽  
Specific Identity

Immigrant groups often pursue entrepreneurial endeavors in their new home country. Even though both immigrant entrepreneurship and organizational identity have received scholarly attention, there has been little systematic exploration of identity strategies pursued by immigrant-owned organizations. In this article, we develop a theoretical framework that draws on the concepts of liability of foreignness and social identity theory in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship. Our framework explores how immigrant entrepreneurs may negotiate identities for their firms through the development of specific identity strategies that confirm or underplay their national/ethnic identities in order to survive in their immediate environment. We develop a model that shows how these confirmations or underplaying strategies work both for firms that have an individualistic entrepreneurial orientation, as well as those with a collective/associative entrepreneurial orientation. We also suggest two contextual moderators to this relationship: (1) the image of the founder's country of origin, and (2) the presence of immigrant networks in the host country, which may alter the effectiveness of identity strategies in terms of organizational mortality outcomes.

scholarly journals Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Sweden: The Liability of Newness

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6478
Author(s):  
Henrik Barth ◽  
Ghazal Zalkat
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Niche Markets ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Experience ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants

Immigrant entrepreneurs face many challenges in the various early phases of their companies’ existence. These challenges are often referred to as “the liability of newness”. While some of these challenges are common to all entrepreneurs, the immigrant entrepreneur has an additional set of challenges. This article describes those challenges in the immigrant entrepreneurial experience in the Swedish agri-food industry. A qualitative research design is used. Interviews were conducted with 25 immigrant entrepreneurs who planned a business, had started a business, or had exited a business. Various websites and tax reports provided secondary data. The research, which covered a two-year time frame, identifies the strategies and actions the immigrant entrepreneurs adopted and used to try to overcome those challenges. The following strategies and actions were identified: use of business support, virtual embeddedness, family and ethnic groups, entrepreneurial experience, and niche markets. The companies in which the entrepreneurs recognized the gravity of those challenges early in their life cycle were more likely to survive beyond the start-up phase. The article, which also reviews much of the current literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, has implications for business support advisory services and policymakers who are involved in the effort to achieve economic (and social-cultural) integration of immigrants into their host countries.

Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Business Survival during Recession: Evidence from a Local Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahikari Irastorza ◽  
Iñaki Peña-Legazkue
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Native People ◽  
Liability Of Foreignness ◽  
New Firms ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Business Survival ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs

Empirical evidence suggests that immigrants appear to be more entrepreneurially active than native people. While the formation of new firms by immigrants has been widely studied, the literature about the performance of these new ventures created by immigrants after their inception remains scarce and anecdotal. This study sheds light on firm-internal and firm-external factors that affect the life expectancy of new firms created by immigrants within a local economy during a period of recession, when the creation of firms is particularly important. The results show that immigrant entrepreneurs are more likely to quit their businesses earlier than their native counterparts. We argue that this may be partially explained by the liability of foreignness faced by immigrants.

scholarly journals Fathers’ experiences of their child’s life-limiting condition: An attachment narrative perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Bailey-Pearce ◽  
Jacqui Stedmon ◽  
Rudi Dallos ◽  
George Davis
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Adult Attachment Interview ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Limiting Condition ◽  
Attachment Strategies

When a child has a life-limiting illness, parental involvement is amplified, having to respond to the increased needs of the child. Both parents are affected by the illness, yet research has largely under-represented fathers’ experiences of their child’s illness. Seven fathers were interviewed about their experiences with their child’s life-limiting illness. In addition, fathers’ attachment strategies were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview. Narrative analysis was implemented to explore the interviews, and indicators of attachment markers employed in the Adult Attachment Interview were also identified. The dominant themes were found to be ‘experience of the diagnosis’, ‘living with the illness’, ‘struggling with emotions’ and ‘relationship with staff’. Within each theme, there were differences which related to the father’s attachment strategies. This was particularly evident in parts of their narratives recounting critical moments of threat and anxiety in the course of discovering and adjusting to their child’s illness. Importantly, the findings also suggested that the experience for the fathers stressed, and in some cases disrupted, their attachment coping strategies. All fathers told stories of trying to get it right for their children and family. Their experiences of, and adjustment to, the illness were related to their attachment strategies. The clinical implications for health professionals are discussed.

Blending: A Response

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret H. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Aesthetic Theory ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Prose Narratives ◽  
Reader Reception ◽  
Human Creativity

This response to the five articles in this special issue on blending focuses on how the power of blending as a basic human cognitive ability not surprisingly extends into all aspects of human creativity, illuminating such literary forms as narrative perspective, character and identity formation, and poetic styles, as well as reader reception and response or cultural development and transmission. In their extension of earlier studies of blending in poetry to drama, film, and prose narratives, these five articles reveal the possibilities of a broader scope for blending theory in literature. However, if blending theory is to succeed in modeling the human mind, it must also account for intentionality and feeling. In the second section of this article, therefore, I explore Susanne K. Langer's idea that literature creates the semblance of felt life, an idea that raises the possibility that form-meaning blending includes the iconic notion of form as feeling. Using Per Aage Brandt's cognitive-semiotic elaboration of Fauconnier and Turner's blending model and Masako Hiraga's model for metaphor-icon links in language, I suggest the possibility of constructing an aesthetic theory of literature that would reveal the central and crucial role that literature (and all the arts) play in human consciousness and feeling.

scholarly journals Understanding Social Identity and Intrateam Moral Behavior in Competitive Youth Ice Hockey: A Narrative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Bruner ◽  
Ian D. Boardley ◽  
Veronica Allan ◽  
Christopher Forrest ◽  
Zachary Root ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Moral Behavior ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Qualitative Understanding ◽  
Hockey Players

Social identity has been found to play a salient role in regulating teammate behavior among youth participating in a range of sports (Bruner, Boardley, & Côté, 2014). This study aimed to better understand social identity by examining how it may influence intrateam moral behavior specifically in competitive youth ice hockey. Thirty-six male and female competitive youth ice hockey players from nine teams participated in narrative interviews. Using a thematic narrative analysis, three distinct narratives were identified: (1) family-oriented team narrative, (2) performance-oriented team narrative, and (3) dominance-oriented team narrative. Within each of the narratives, a reciprocal relationship between social identity and intrateam moral behavior was reported such that young athletes’ social identities developed through team membership may influence and be influenced by their moral behavior toward teammates. Collectively, the results extend previous research by providing an in-depth qualitative understanding of social identity and intrateam moral behavior in youth sport.

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