ACCUMULATION AND MOBILE FORMS OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN ROADSIDE URBAN SOILS

The accumulation of heavy metals and toxic elements in the topsoil horizon of urban areas is a big environmental problem as they could have long-term implications not only for the soils themselves but also on the human health and well-being. Many studies have shown that there is a clear relationship between the level of urbanization, volume of traffic, intensity of anthropogenic activities and heavy metal load. We aimed to analyze the accumulation of heavy metals at urban roadside soils and to assess the proportion of their mobile forms. The total content and mobile forms of Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in soils samples collected along the main boulevards of Plovdiv (Bulgaria) was determined by two instrumental methods - ICP-OES and ICP-MS. The maximal concentrations were found in the Central and Eastern administrative regions of the city of Plovdiv. This finding well correlated with the wind rose characteristics and urban gradient theory. Our results revealed that the mobile forms of Mn represented 1.38-2.21% of total content and the mobile forms of Zn represented 8.48-11.81% of total content in studied urban soils. Mobile forms of Cu and Pb varied significantly and were in the range of 7.04-14.2% and 7.3-18.67% of the total content, respectively.

Download Full-text

Assessment of anthropogenic contamination in an urban territory by the example of Blagoveshchensk city

Геоэкология Инженерная геология Гидрогеология Геокриология ◽

10.31857/s0869-78092019679-93 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 79-93

Author(s):

V. I. Radomskaya ◽

N. A. Borodina

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Urban Soils ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Total Content ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Biogenic Elements ◽

Average Risk ◽

Mobile Forms

The distribution of heavy metals (HM) was analyzed in soils of Blagoveshchensk. The main physicochemical features (pH, the content of organic substance, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, the exchangeable cations of calcium and magnesium, as well as the total content of Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn) were studied in soil samples. The anthropogenic influence on the urban environment transforms the physicochemical properties of soils: alkalizes the soil cover, increases the organic matter content, exchangeable bases, and mobile forms of biogenic elements. The total content of studied HM in the soils of Blagoveshchensk exceeds their concentrations in soils of the Mukhinka background territory and shows the spatial heterogeneity of pollutants distribution in the upper soil layer. As proceeds from the comparison of the studied elements concentrations with their MPC/APC, the most polluted territories are confined to industrial zones. Four elements, i.e., Mn, Pb, Cd and Zn, are accumulated in urban soils. However, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr accumulation is not so important. The calculation results of total contamination index in the upper soil cover layer in Blagoveshchensk taking into account the HM toxicity coefficient prove that Blagoveshchensk soils are mainly classified as moderately hazardous and nonhazardous. The evidence on the total content of HM do not allow making conclusion about their geochemical behavior in soils and about possible transition to neighbor environment. That is why the most mobile and easily mobilized forms of heavy metals, i.e., water-soluble and specifically adsorbed forms, were extracted using the method of successive extractions. The mobility of metals was established to be higher in the urban soils as compared to the background soils. Among the studied elements, Cd, Pb and Zn proved to be the most hazardous, with their mobility being close to the average risk of being included in the nutrition chains. This may lead to the contamination of Amur cross-boundary river ecosystems with heavy metals in case the groundwater level rises in the Blagoveshchensk territory due to its waterlogging by the Zeya River water.

Download Full-text

Content of heavy metals in Haplic Chernozem under conditions of agrogenesis

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016901024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 169 ◽

pp. 01024

Author(s):

Anna Medvedeva ◽

Olga Buryukova ◽

Alexey Kucherenko ◽

Yaroslav Ilchenko ◽

Victor Chaplygin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Total Content ◽

Background Level ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Agricultural Technologies ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Zn And Cu In ◽

The Impact

The paper presents the results of a long-term study on the content and distribution of heavy metals in Haplic Chernozem of agrocenoses in southern zone of Rostov Region. The impact of various agricultural technologies traditional (using moldboard ploughing) and resource-saving (minimum and No-till) on accumulation and mobility of Pb, Zn, Cu in Haplic Chernozem in winter wheat cultivation is considered. The total content of Pb, Zn, Cu in the winter wheat areas corresponds to the background level and does not exceed permissible concentrations. Low mobility of elements (Pb 2.0-3.0%; Zn and Cu up to 1.0% as a percentage of their total forms) is a regional soil feature. In addition, the low availability of Zn and Cu in soils is due to their removal with the crops in the absence of micronutrient fertilizer replenishment. The significant role of soil organic matter in the accumulation of both total and mobile forms of heavy metals in soil has been confirmed. The intensity of the cultivation methods used has a significant effect on the total content of Zn, Cu and on the mobility of Pb, Zn, Cu in Haplic Chernozem.

Download Full-text

Ecological and Hygienic Assessment of Ivanovo Region’s Soils Quality

Safety in Technosphere ◽

10.12737/article_5901972b9ab545.73573107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Румянцев ◽

I. Rumyancev ◽

Дунаев ◽

A. Dunaev ◽

Сивухин ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Analytical Control ◽

The Public ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Integrated Environmental Assessment ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Soil Status ◽

Instrumental Methods

This paper is dedicated to an integrated environmental assessment of soil cover in the Ivanovo Region’s territory. Using modern instrumental methods of analytical control has been determined a content of gross and mobile forms for Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe in the soil. The analysis of the soils ecological state in the period from 2010 to 2014 has been performed. It has been found that the region soils are generally characterized by relatively low levels of heavy metals contamination. Areas with high concentrations of heavy metals’ mainly mobile forms are local ones. For the first time in Ivanovo region has been performed an assessment related to potential risk of soil contamination for the public health. Comparison of experimental results with statistical materials on morbidity and mortality, as well as the subsequent analysis of the obtained data together with the results of sanitary-hygienic research allow highlight the most contaminated areas, and identify potential sources of negative impacts, as well as to conduct ecological and hygienic assessment for investigated region’s soil status. Using of vivid cartographical techniques allows visually assess the scale of contamination for Ivanovo region’s soil cover, and reveal this information to the public in a timely manner.

Download Full-text

Heavy metal load and effects on biochemical properties in urban soils of a medium-sized city, Ancona, Italy

Environmental Geochemistry and Health ◽

10.1007/s10653-021-01105-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dominique Serrani ◽

Franco Ajmone-Marsan ◽

Giuseppe Corti ◽

Stefania Cocco ◽

Valeria Cardelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Soils ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Total Content ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Basal Respiration ◽

Particle Size Fractions

AbstractUrban soils are often mixed with extraneous materials and show a high spatial variability that determine great differences from their agricultural or natural counterparts. The soils of 18 localities of a medium-sized city (Ancona, Italy) were analysed for their main physicochemical and biological properties, and for chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) total content, distribution among particle-size fractions, and extractability. Because of the absence of thresholds defining a hot spot for heavy metal pollution in urban soils, we defined a “threshold of attention” (ToA) for each heavy metal aiming to bring out hot spot soils where it is more impellent to intervene to mitigate or avoid potential environmental concerns. In several city locations, the soil displayed sub-alkaline pH, large contents of clay-size particles, and higher TOC, total N, and available P with respect to the surrounding rural areas, joined with high contents of total heavy metals, but low availability. The C biomass, basal respiration, qCO2, and enzyme activities were compared to that detected in the near rural soils, and results suggested that heavy metals content has not substantially compromised the soil ecological services. We conclude that ToA can be considered as a valuable tool to highlight soil hot spots especially for cities with a long material history and, for a proper risk assessment in urban soils, we suggest considering the content of available heavy metals (rather than the total content) and soil functions.

Download Full-text

HEAVY METALS IN FOOD CROPS: IDEAL SOURCES AND ROLES OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN FACILITATING THEIR CONSUMPTION- A REVIEW

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 34-45

Author(s):

N. Abdullahi ◽

E. C Igwe ◽

M. A. Dandago ◽

N. B. Umar

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Soil ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Wastewater Irrigation ◽

Food Crops ◽

Urban Food Production ◽

Soil And Water

The qualities of agricultural soil and water are diminishing continuously due to the rigorous anthropogenic activities currently stocking the soil with a lot of toxic chemicals including heavy metals. Heavy metals are highly persistent and non-biodegradable, control of their contamination is very tricky to handle. Their presence in soil and water is detrimental to food crops and humans. Various sources of heavy metals contaminants and the role of urban food production on human heavy metal contamination were discussed.Heavy metals have their way into the soil and food crops through wastewater irrigation and production in contaminated soil. The habitual heavy metals contamination sources for food crops are wastewater irrigation, abuse of agrochemicals, production in the contaminated field, atmospheric deposit when foods are exposed to contaminated air, and unethical mining activities. Agricultural soil in urban and peri-urban areas are heavily contaminated with heavy metal due to various anthropogenic activities. Wastewater irrigation intensify the contamination by supplying the soil with more heavy metals. The heavy metals are passed to food during production and subsequently to humans after consumption.

Download Full-text

SCREENING OF THE CONTENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS AT THE HUMUS SOIL HORIZON OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION

Ukrainian Chemistry Journal ◽

10.33609/2708-129x.87.02.2021.107-116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 107-116

Author(s):

Sergii Sukharev ◽

Larysa Bugyna ◽

Oleksandra Pallah ◽

Oksana Sukhareva ◽

Volodymyr Drobnych ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Total Content ◽

Soil Horizon ◽

Potential Danger ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Mountainous Regions ◽

Geological Features ◽

Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Humus Soil

Based on the screening of some heavy metals (HMs) content in the humus soil horizon of the Transcarpathian region, the regularities of the distribution of HMs in the soils of different landscape zones have been established. It is shown that increasing of the terrain height, the content of HMs in soils decreases (except for Mn and Hg) and for the total HMs content the values of the Spearman correlation coefficient are: Cu – (-0.84); Zn – (-0.83); Mn 0.77; Mo – (-0.91); Co – (-0.82); Pb – (-0.83); Hg – absent; for the content of acid-soluble forms: Cu – absent; Zn – (-0.72); Mn 0.75; Mo – (-0.89); Co – (-0.86); Pb – (-0.77); Hg is absent. This pattern is associated with the tectonic and geological features of the different landscape zones. The calculation of the migration coefficient (the ratio of the content of acid-soluble forms to the gross content) has been shown that in mountainous regions this indicator has the highest value for Zn, Pb, and Cu. That means the potential danger of migration of these heavy metals and their bioavailability. This is probably connected to the type of soil in the mountainous areas of the region. A pronounced inter-element correlation of the HMs content in soils (except for Hg) has been established and the corresponding values of Pearson’s coefficients for the gross content are: Cu:Zn – 0,96; Cu:Mn – (-0,84); Cu:Mo – 0,89; Cu:Co – 0,99; Cu:Pb – 0,87; Zn:Mn – (-0,79); Zn:Mo – 0,91; Zn:Co – 0,96; Zn:Pb – 0,86; Mn:Mo – (-0,86); Mn:Co – (-0,84); Mn:Pb – (-0,75); Mo:Co – 0,87; Mo:Pb – 0,81; Co:Pb – 0,87. This makes it possible to predict the content of several HMs in the soils of the Transcarpathian region based on the results of determining one of them. In general, the content of HMs in the humus soil horizon (total content and content of mobile forms) is lower than the corresponding values of maximum permissible concentrations.

Download Full-text

Heavy Metal Loading in Surface Sediments along the Kawere Stream, Tarkwa, Ghana

Ghana Mining Journal ◽

10.4314/gm.v20i2.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 77-85

Author(s):

S. A. Ndur ◽

S. Y. Nyarko ◽

I. Quaicoe ◽

L. B. Osei

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Risk Index ◽

Sediment Quality ◽

Ecological Integrity ◽

Pollution Assessment ◽

Well Being ◽

Potential Ecological Risk

Sediment contamination by heavy metals resulting from anthropogenic activities is increasingly becoming a global concern due to the risk it poses to human well-being and ecological integrity at large. The purpose of this study was to assess the heavy metals loading in sediment along the Kawere stream. Ten sediment samples were collected, acid digested and analysed for copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) using a Varian AA240FS Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC) guidelines for freshwater sediment quality was used as the benchmark against which the measured metal concentrations were compared. Nemerow’s pollution and potential ecological risk indices were used to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk levels of the heavy metals in the stream. The results obtained indicated that, except Cu which exceeded the ANZECC trigger value of 65 mg/kg at three sampling sites (K01=171.29 mg/kg, K05=170.83 mg/kg and K07=113.31 mg/kg), all other measured heavy metals concentrations were below their corresponding ANZECC values. Heavy metal pollution assessment showed that three samples (K01, K05 and K07) were slightly polluted, suggesting the likelihood of posing a health threat to the aquatic organisms and humans. Calculated Ecological Risk Index (RI) ranged from 3.229 to 19.750 (RI < 150), representing a low ecological risk. As such, the metals, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Zn pose a low ecological risk to the aquatic ecosystem. Although the ecological risk is low based on the current results, constant monitoring of the stream quality is recommended due to the increasing human activities along the stream as well as the sediments ability to accumulate and remobilise heavy metals back into the water column and possibly transferring them through the food chain. Keywords: Heavy Metals, Sediment, Ecological Risk Assessment, Pollution, Stream

Download Full-text

Monitoring of heavy metal contamination of soil and plants (for example, Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.) of natural ecosystems in Chita urban areas

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201871121 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 110-115

Author(s):

Galina Yurievna Samoilenko ◽

Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Bondarevich ◽

Natalia Nikolaevna Kotsyurzhinskaya ◽

Igor Anatolyevich Boriskin

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

High Concentration ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Zinc Cadmium ◽

Cadmium Lead

The paper presents data on the content of gross and mobile forms of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in the soils of Chita and its surroundings. The paper contains a comparative analysis of the accumulation (Kn) and movement (KP) coefficients of these microelements in organs ( Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.), relative to their gross content and mobile forms in soils. The authors have revealed that soil samples of the studied sites contain unequal gross amount of heavy metals. In some points (6 and 3) the content of cadmium and zinc exceeded the Mac, that is why such soils have been attributed to heavily polluted. The index of biological activity on mobile forms of heavy metals in all sites significantly exceeded the same index on gross forms. It was found that Potentilla tanacetifolia are accumulators of heavy metal ions. Aboveground bodies accumulate and absorb cadmium and copper especially intensively, thus the content of mobile forms of these metals in the soil is insignificant. Excessive adsorption of trace elements in the phytomass of plants can be connected with surface contamination. According to the content of zinc and lead, the accumulation values in the organs of P. tanacetifolia were characterized by small coefficient values, against the background of their high concentration in the soil.

Download Full-text

Heavy metals concentration in soils from parks and green areas in Belgrade

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0906697m ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 697-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Mirjana Marjanovic ◽

Marija Vukcevic ◽

Dusan Antonovic ◽

Suzana Dimitrijevic ◽

Djordje Jovanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Urban Soils ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

The Past ◽

Ph Values ◽

Green Areas ◽

The City ◽

Very High ◽

Pb Concentration

The current study included the investigation of several metals and their distribution in urban soils from parks and green areas in the city of Belgrade. The soils were sampled in January and February 2008. The concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn and Zn were measured, as well as the pH values and organic matter contents. The obtained results showed that there was a significant level of contamination in some samples, especially with lead, and that it was most probably caused by anthropogenic activities, mostly from traffic. The results were compared with the National legislation and Netherlands standards. Also, the recent results were compared with the data from previous work and it was concluded that there has been a certain increase of the Pb concentration in the past three years. The level of pollution in playground soil was very high and each analyzed sample exceeded the Dutch target value for Cd, Co and Pb.

Download Full-text

Sustainable urban development: the impact of an asphalt plant on the quality of atmospheric air

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202125808012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 258 ◽

pp. 08012

Author(s):

Olga Mezenina ◽

Svetlana Maslennikova

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Well Being ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Wind Rose ◽

Hazard Class ◽

Atmospheric Air ◽

Industrial Enterprises ◽

The Impact

The development of industry, the use of various chemicals in technological processes, the large emissions of industrial enterprises, the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture have caused environmental pollution with harmful substances. Environmental protection is now becoming one of the economic problems and is an extremely urgent task of humanity. The purpose of this article is to present the main results of the study and analysis of atmospheric air pollution by the asphalt plant, which is located almost in the center of Yekaterinburg; to investigate the compliance of the existing hazard class of the enterprise, which increases its production volumes, to correct the size and location of the sanitary protection zone of the plant, taking into account the wind rose, and to try to propose a number of measures to reduce the negative impact of the plants in this industry. In considering the impact of anthropogenic activities on nature, attention should be paid to the concept of sustainable development, which carries principles based on the satisfaction of human needs, with a focus on caring for the well-being of future generations. If we consider the issue from the perspective of this concept, then the asphalt plant, in order to prevent possible environmental damage, should invest material and money to further minimize the amount of pollutants.

Download Full-text