scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN DURUM WHEAT AND SORGHUM GRAINS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Galia Panayotova ◽  
Svetla Kostadinova ◽  
Ivan Velinov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Sorghum Grains

The objective of this study was to assess the energy efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in durum wheat and sorghum grains in the period 2017-2019. Bulgarian durum wheat variety Predel was studied at a stationary fertilizer trial on soil type Pellic vertisols at the Institute of Field Crops in Chirpan, Bulgaria. Grain sorghum hybrid EC Alize was investigated on the experimental field of the Agricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, on soil type Mollic Fluvisols. The crops were grown under non-irrigated conditions. The studied nitrogen rates were 0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg N.ha-1. In durum wheat, nitrogen was applied two times: one third at sowing, and the rest - as top dressing in the tillering stage.  In sorghum, the total nitrogen was applied as pre-sowing fertilization before sowing. The nitrogen fertilizer was applied as NH4NO3. The experimental design was a randomized, complete block design with four replications with a size of experimental plots of 20 m2 for both crops. The energy efficiency of nitrogen fertilization (h) was calculated as the ratio between the received energy from additional grain yield of wheat and sorghum, respectively, and the invested energy from fertilization. It was established that energy efficiency of nitrogen fertilization depended on the nitrogen rate and hydro-thermal conditions during the vegetation period of durum wheat and sorghum. The bioenergy coefficient of durum wheat widely varied from 0.79 (N240 in 2018) to 4.44 (N60 in 2017). The average for the period, the highest value of energy efficiency of nitrogen fertilization was obtained at the low rate N60 The higher nitrogen rate of 240 kg N.ha-1 was slightly effective. Under drought conditions during the vegetation period of sorghum, most effective was the application of rates N120 with the highest energy coefficient ​​of 1.23. The application of 180 kg N.ha-1 to sorghum was the most energy efficient under the favorable hydro-thermal conditions in 2018 and 2019, and the average for the period 2017-2019. A low N60 rate in grain sorghum was inefficient from an energy point of view. Durum wheat showed higher energy efficiency of nitrogen fertilization compared to grain sorghum.

Cadmium concentration in durum wheat grain (Triticum turgidum ) as influenced by nitrogen rate, seeding date and soil type

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Perilli ◽  
Les G Mitchell ◽  
Cynthia A Grant ◽  
Michele Pisante
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Seeding Date

PERÍODOS DE INTERFERÊNCIA DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NO CULTIVO DE SORGO GRANÍFERO, COM E SEM ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA DE COBERTURA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
JIVAGO OLIVEIRA ROSA ◽  
MICHELI SATOMI YAMAUTI ◽  
JORGE LUIS TEJADA SORALUZ ◽  
PEDRO LUÍS DA COSTA AGUIAR ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Sorghum Grains ◽  
And Control

 RESUMO - O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura sobre a comunidade infestante e sobre os períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura do sorgo granífero ‘882’, em sistema convencional. Foram estudados os períodos de convivência e controle de 0, 7, 14, 32, 42, 57, 72 e 118 dias após a emergência (DAE), totalizando dezesseis tratamentos, dispostos em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em dois níveis de adubação, 0 e 70 kg ha-1 de N. A adubação não alterou a composição da comunidade infestante, destacando-se Raphanus raphanistrum, Cyperus rotundus, Alternanthera tenella e Amaranthus ssp. como as espécies de maior importância relativa. Os períodos críticos de prevenção da interferência (PCPI) do sorgo ‘822’ com e sem adubação foi de 4 aos 72 e 7 aos 90 DAE, respectivamente. A interferência das plantas daninhas reduziu em 31 e 26% a produtividade estimada de 6859,5 e 6417,1 kg ha-1 de grãos do sorgo na presença e na ausência da adubação nitrogenada, respectivamente, sendo que adubação nitrogenada realizada aos 45 dias após a emergência da cultura aumentou em 7% a sua produtividade.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, competição, nitrogênio. WEED INTERFERENCE PERIODS ON GRAIN SORGHUM CROP WITH AND WITHOUT NITROGEN FERTILIZATION  ABSTRACT - The aim of this work was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the weed community and on the periods of interference of weeds in the ‘882’ grain sorghum in a conventional system. The periods of coexistence and control were 0, 7, 14, 32, 42, 57, 72 and 118 days after emergence (DAE), totaling sixteen treatments, arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications, at two levels of fertilization, 0 and 70 kg ha-1 of N. Fertilization did not change the composition of the weed community, with the species Raphanus raphanistrum, Cyperus rotundus, Alternanthera tenella and Amaranthus ssp. being the most important at all levels of fertilization. The critical periods of interference prevention (CPIP) of sorghum ‘822’ with and without fertilization were 4 at 72 and 7 at 90 DAE, respectively. Weed interference reduced the estimated yield of 6859.5 and 6417.1 kg ha-1 of sorghum grains by 31 and 26% in the presence and absence of nitrogen fertilization, respectively, and nitrogen fertilization done at 45 days after the emergence of the crop increased its productivity by 7%.Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, competition, nitrogen.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON THE ACCUMULATION AND REUTILIZATION OF DRY MASS IN GRAIN SORGHUM

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetla KOSTADINOVA ◽  
Zivko TODOROV ◽  
Ivan VELINOV
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Translocation Efficiency ◽  
Mass Accumulation

Accumulation and reutilization of dry mass until anthesis and during a grain fillingperiod of sorghum in response to nitrogen fertilization in rates 0, 60, 120, 180, 240and 300 kg N.ha-1 was studied in a field experiment. Grain sorghum hybrid ECAlize was grown under not- irrigated conditions in the experimental field ofAgricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The experimental design was arandomized, complete block design with four replications with a size ofexperimental plots of 20 m2 after wheat as predecessor. Standard farming practicesfor the region of Southern Bulgaria were applied. It was established that nitrogenfertilization significantly increased the amount of accumulated dry mass at anthesisand total above ground dry mass at maturity compared to N0. Not significant effectof higher rates (180, 240 and 300 kg N.ha-1) on the dry mass accumulation ofsorghum was found. Average post anthesis net dry mass accumulation was 3291kg.ha-1 and its amount increased in parallel with the nitrogen rate up to N180. Thehighest dry mass translocation, translocation efficiency, and contribution of preanthesisassimilations of the grain was established at nitrogen rate N120 with values2073 kg.ha-1, 25.0 % and 41,8 %, respectively. Growth of sorghum at highernitrogen rates N180, N240, N300 significantly decreased efficiency of dry masstranslocation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain. Nitrogenfertilization had very strong negative correlation with dry mass translocationefficiency (-0.860*) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain (-0.863*). Very strong positive correlation (0.988**) was found between dry masstranslocation efficiency and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilations of the grain.

scholarly journals Energy Assessment of Sorghum Cultivation in Southern Ukraine

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Oleg Bazaluk ◽  
Valerii Havrysh ◽  
Mykhailo Fedorchuk ◽  
Vitalii Nitsenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Global climate changes and fossil fuel reserve depletion are drivers for the search for environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. In Europe, biomass represents the main alternative to fossil fuels. Among energy crops, sorghum is a promising crop for arid regions. The biomass yield and energy efficiency of sorghum (both silage and grain) were studied based on field experiments conducted in Southern Ukraine. The following climate changes were identified: an increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation. The total energy inputs for sweet sorghum were estimated at 11.256 GJ/ha. The main contributors to the energy inputs are mineral fertilizers (56.99%). The experiment showed that a yield of 40.6 t/ha could be achieved with annual precipitation of 350 mm. The energy efficiency ratio was determined to be 11.18. The total energy inputs for grain sorghum was 16.081 GJ/ha. Its yield (grain) varied from 1.92 to 7.05 t/ha. The energy efficiency ratio of grain sorghum ranged from 2.8 to 16.7.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Physiology of the Cotton Boll–Leaf System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Liantao Liu ◽  
Zhanbiao Wang ◽  
Hongchun Sun ◽  
Yongjiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
The Yellow River Basin ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Subtending Leaves

The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of nitrogen on the physiological characteristics of the source–sink system of upper fruiting branches under various amounts of nitrogen fertilization. A two-year field experiment was conducted with a Bt cotton cultivar in the Yellow River Basin of China. The growth and yield of cotton of the upper fruiting branches were compared under four nitrogen levels: Control (N0, 0 kg ha−1), low nitrogen (N1, 120 kg ha−1), moderate nitrogen (N2, 240 kg ha−1), and high nitrogen (N3, 480 kg ha−1). The results indicated that in the subtending leaves in upper fruiting branches, chlorophyll content, protein content, and peroxidase (POD) activity dramatically increased with nitrogen application, reaching the highest under the moderate nitrogen treatment. The physiological characters in the seeds had the same trends as in the subtending leaves. Furthermore, the moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) had a favorable yield and quality. Our results supported that a moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) could coordinate the source–sink growth of cotton in the late stage, enhance the yield and fiber quality, and decrease the cost of fertilizer in the Yellow River Basin of China and other similar ecological areas.

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield, storage losses and chemical composition of winter cabbage

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 943-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Freyman ◽  
P. M. Toivonen ◽  
W. C. Lin ◽  
P. W. Perrin ◽  
J. W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
N Application ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Increasing rates of field nitrogen (N) application (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 kg N ha−1) resulted in markedly higher yields of winter white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata 'Bartolo') due to larger head size. Glucose and fructose contents increased with increased nitrogen. In contrast, ascorbic acid and sucrose contents declined slightly with increased nitrogen. Nitrogen rate had little effect on storage losses. The results indicated that increased N fertilization provided overall benefit to cabbage production. Key words: Cabbage, nitrogen fertilization, storage losses, yield

scholarly journals Grain sorghum nitrogen use as affected by planting practice and nitrogen rate

2017 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Akwasi A Abunyewa ◽  
Richard B Ferguson ◽  
Charles S Wortmann ◽  
Stephen C Mason
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Use

Nitrate Leaching and Nitrogen Budget as Affected by Maize Nitrogen Rate and Soil Type

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Sogbedji ◽  
Harold M. Es ◽  
Charissa L. Yang ◽  
Larry D. Geohring ◽  
Fred R. Magdoff
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Nitrogen Budget ◽  
Nitrogen Rate
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document