Active warming after caesarean section to prevent neonatal hypothermia: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 829-837
Author(s):  
Aliona Vilinsky-Redmond ◽  
Maria Brenner ◽  
Linda Nugent ◽  
Margaret McCann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
Neonatal Hypothermia

There is a lack of evidence on the effects of perioperative warming on maternal and neonatal outcomes in women undergoing elective caesarean section who are performing at-birth skin-to-skin contact. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the current evidence base on the effects of perioperative warming versus no warming. Inclusion criteria included randomised controlled trials involving pregnant women ≥18 years old undergoing an elective caesarean section at term under regional anaesthesia and who initiated at-birth neonatal skin-to-skin contact. Studies investigated active warming versus no active warming interventions. Three studies were included, with a total of 286 participants. Active warming of women resulted in significantly less occurrence of neonatal hypothermia, with no difference in maternal hypothermia. Perioperative active warming of mothers and newborns who had skin-to-skin contact may be beneficial. The quality of the included studies was low, so the review findings should be interpreted with caution. High quality studies with larger sample sizes need to be undertaken.

Body-worn video: A systematic review of literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy IC Cubitt ◽  
Rebecca Lesic ◽  
Gemma L Myers ◽  
Robert Corry
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Public Response ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Law enforcement use of video-based technology has substantially increased over the past decade. This systematic review examines the current evidence base for efficacy of body-worn video and the current case for implementation. Five articles were identified as pertinent to this review from a search of five electronic databases, with a further six articles of grey literature included. Inter-rater reliability was high amongst three independent screeners of literature. Articles were short listed for review if they explicitly identified police and recording devices as topic areas. Articles were then excluded if they did not involve an operational trial of body-worn video. Eleven articles were included for review; of the five peer-reviewed studies, two were randomised controlled trials. An abundance of evidence was provided; however, the majority of articles were methodologically weak. Body-worn video was shown to reduce use of force incidents, crime rates for certain crime types and court costs. Public response to body-worn video was varied, as was police officer and public opinion. Due to methodological limitations evident in most studies and the general lack of peer-reviewed material, further research is required; however, there are some considerable benefits reported in the current literature.

scholarly journals Facilitated group work for people with long-term conditions: a systematic review of benefits from studies of group-work interventions

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (682) ◽  
pp. e363-e372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Jackson ◽  
Daniel Jones ◽  
Judith Dyson ◽  
Una Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Group Work ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundAbout 15.4 million people in the UK live with a long-term condition. Of the health and social care spend, 70% is invested in caring for this population. Evidence suggests that group-work interventions offer patient support, improved outcomes, and reduce the costs of care.AimTo review the current evidence base examining the effectiveness of group work in long-term physical disease where such groups are facilitated by healthcare professionals.Design and settingSystematic review and narrative synthesis of studies of group-work interventions led by health professionals for adults with specified long-term illnesses.MethodMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched using terms relating to group work and long-term conditions. Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a control group that did not include group work.ResultsThe 14 included studies demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of participant characteristics, interventions, and outcome measures and were of varying quality. The studies demonstrated some statistically significant improvements in pain, psychological outcomes, self-efficacy, self-care, and quality of life resulting from intervention.ConclusionThis review demonstrates significant benefits resulting from group participation, in adults with long-term disease. Results were mixed and some benefits were short-lived. Nevertheless, these results suggest that group work should be more widely used in the management and support of adults with long-term illness. There is a need for larger and better-quality studies to explore this potentially important area further.

scholarly journals Physical Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Tierney ◽  
Alexander Fraser ◽  
Norelee Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Background:Physical activity is associated with improved health outcomes in many populations. It is assumed that physical activity levels in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population may be reduced as a result of symptoms of the disease. The objective of this review is to establish the current evidence base for levels of physical activity in the RA population.Methods:A systematic review was performed of 7 databases (Ema-base, MEDLINE, AMED, Biomedical Reference Collection Expanded, CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health Collection, and SportsDiscus) up to February 2011 to examine the evidence in the area.Results:One hundred and thirty-six studies were identified through electronic searching. One hundred and six were excluded based on title and/or abstract analysis and a further 14 were excluded based on full text analysis. Sixteen studies meeting the criteria were deemed suitable for inclusion. The results of the included studies indicate that the level of physical activity may be lower among individuals with RA when compared with healthy controls or normative data.Conclusions:There are a number of methodological considerations at play within the studies reviewed which prohibits definitive conclusion on the physical activity levels of this population group. Given the known health benefits of physical activity, further research in this area appears indicated.

Skin-to-skin contact following caesarean section: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 754-760
Author(s):  
Aliona Vilinsky-Redmond ◽  
Maria Brenner ◽  
Conan McCaul ◽  
Margaret McCann
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
Neonatal Hypothermia

Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is commonly performed after normal vaginal delivery and there is an increased demand by mothers to perform SSC after caesarean section (CS). However, there are still many obstacles that inhibit the initiation of SSC after CS, especially the risk of neonatal hypothermia. Although the evidence suggests that SSC promotes neonatal normothermia, this evidence is based on studies after vaginal birth and not after CS. Current literature suggests that both mothers and newborns may become hypothermic during or after a CS in the absence of active preventative measures. Suboptimal neonatal and maternal temperatures could have adverse physiological effects in both newborns and mothers. This narrative review predominantly focuses on the available evidence for SSC after CS. It also synopsises the adverse effects of hypothermia in neonates and mothers, and explains the physiology of peripartum thermoregulation, the mechanisms of heat loss and their prevention.

A Systematic Review of the Qualitative Evidence for the Use of Lifestyle Planning in People with Learning Disabilities

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rowe ◽  
A. Rudkin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Lifestyle planning (LP) for people with learning disabilities is largely supported by qualitative rather than quantitative research. LP is a time-consuming and potentially resource-intensive area of practice which is becoming more prevalent in the UK. We present the first systematic review of the qualitative evidence base for the use of LP in people with learning disabilities. Such evidence concerns the special characteristics of LP and its outcomes in descriptive rather than quantitative terms. Qualitative research is usually aimed at enhancing validity by grounding theory in data collected. Twenty-one studies passed eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review, but only ten provided any outcome data, the others being concerned with process only. A replicable search strategy was employed and the resulting original data sources were critically reviewed with respect to major concepts and categories in the areas of: planning process, choices and preferences, ethics and outcomes. Explicitly person-centred approaches such as essential lifestyle planning are contrasted with more service-led methods such as individual programme planning. There are major methodological limitations in much of the available literature and suggestions for future research to clarify matters are made. The current evidence base suggests that no form of LP has significantly better outcomes than any other form and that it is not clear if LP in general enhances outcomes. Ongoing use of person centred planning in particular is informed by ethical considerations and is evolving in its structure and function.

scholarly journals What Are the Peer Interaction Strengths and Difficulties in Children with Developmental Language Disorder? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3140
Author(s):  
Vanessa Lloyd-Esenkaya ◽  
Ailsa J. Russell ◽  
Michelle C. St Clair
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peer Interaction ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Pretend Play ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

The current review gathers together research investigating peer interaction skills in children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) to give an overview of the strengths and challenges experienced by these children when interacting with other children. A systematic review was conducted to summarise the literature on peer interaction strengths and difficulties in children with DLD. No restrictions on time-period were made and the selection criteria accounted for many of the diagnostic labels previously used to refer to DLD. Studies included in this review involve English-speaking children of UK primary school age (4–11 years). A systematic search of databases identified 28 papers that met the inclusion criteria. Children with DLD are found to experience many challenges when interacting with peers. Difficulties have been found in studies exploring discourse characteristics such as turn-taking and in behaviours during play, such as access behaviours. Heterogeneity was however notable and peer interaction strengths are found in terms of the children’s abilities to make friends, use verbal and non-verbal behaviour to make joint decisions with peers, and abilities to engage with peers in social pretend play. While it is encouraging to find research exploring many different areas of peer interaction competence in children with DLD, the research is highly disparate and there are many research findings awaiting replication. The current evidence base is unable to comprehensively define the characteristics of peer interactions of children with DLD.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of universal programmes for the prevention of suicidal ideation, behaviour and mental ill health in medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Witt ◽  
Alexandra Boland ◽  
Michelle Lamblin ◽  
Patrick D McGorry ◽  
Benjamin Veness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Medical Education And Training ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Anxiety Depression

QuestionA growing body of work suggests that medical students may be particularly at risk of mental ill health, suicidal ideation and behaviour, resulting in recent calls to develop interventions to prevent these outcomes. However, few reviews have synthesised the current evidence base regarding the effectiveness of these interventions and provided guidance to improve future intervention efforts.Study selection and analysisThe authors conducted a systematic review to identify studies of any design reporting the effectiveness of any universal intervention to address these outcomes in medical students. Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched from their respective start dates until 1 December 2017.FindingsData from 39 studies were included. Most investigated the effectiveness of relatively brief interventions designed to reduce stress; most commonly using mindfulness-based or guided meditation approaches. Only one implemented an intervention specifically designed to address suicidal ideation; none investigated the effectiveness of an intervention specifically designed to address suicidal behaviour. Five investigated the effects of curriculum-level changes. Overall, there was limited evidence of an effect for these programmes at both the postintervention and longest follow-up assessment on depression, anxiety and stress.ConclusionsRelatively brief, individually focused, mindfulness-based interventions may be effective in reducing levels of anxiety, depression and stress in medical students in the short term. Effects on suicidal ideation and behaviour, however, remain to be determined. There has been a significant lack of attention on organisational-level stressors associated with medical education and training.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document