scholarly journals A Study of Polypharmacy in Patients with Co-Existing Diabetes Mellitus Type II and Hypertension in a Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1831-1839
Author(s):  
Shaima Zafer Khan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
H2 Blockers ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Prescribing Cascade

Introduction Polypharmacy is most commonly defined as the use of five or more medications daily by an individual. In India, the prevalence of polypharmacy varies from 5.82 % to 93.14% in different states. Concerns about polypharmacy include increased adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, prescribing cascade, and higher costs. Methods It is a non-interventional, observational, descriptive study carried out in 240 patients attending the medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital, over a one-and-a-half-year duration. Results The study was carried out in 240 patients whose mean age was 53.97 ± 7.62 years, out of which 52.5% were male and 47.5% were female. 62% of the study population were from low socioeconomic status and 38 % were from the middle class. The mean duration in years for hypertension and diabetes was 7.1± 4.3years and 7.94+ 4.66 years respectively. Apart from various antihypertensive and antidiabetic medicines prescribed the study population was also prescribed Vitamins (51.6%), Hypolipidemics (42.5%), Miscellaneous (41.6%), Antiplatelets (40%), H2 blockers/PPI (35.8%), and Antibiotics (22.5%). Polypharmacy (5 or more than 5 drugs) was seen in 33.75% of the study population. Conclusion Polypharmacy has been found to be integral in patients suffering from hypertension with coexisting diabetes mellitus and other comorbidities. It is essential to practice judicious prescribing especially in patients with multiple conditions.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Retinopathy in Type-II Diabetics along with Microalbuminuria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1749-1751
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Haroon Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Type Ii Diabetics ◽  
Study Population

Objective: To assessment of retinopathy in type-II diabetics along with microalbuminuria at tertiary care hospital. Material and methods: This study was done at Department of Medicine, D.G Khan Hospital, D.G Khan from April 2020 to October 2020 over the period 6 months. Total 295 patients of type-II diabetes mellitus along with microalbuminuria having age between 45-80 years either male or female were selected. Diabetic retinopathy was evaluated in selected patients. Results: Total 295 patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 58.13 ± 9.412 years. Out of 295 patients, retinopathy was noted in 67 (23%) patients. Out of 147 (49.83%) male patients, retinopathy was noted in 39 (26.5%) patients. Out of 148 (50.17%) female patients, retinopathy was noted in 28 (18.9%) patients. Statistically insignificant association of retinopathy with gender was noted with p value 0.119. Conclusion: Findings of this study showed a higher percentage of retinopathy in patients of type-II diabeties along with microalbuminuria. Most of the victims were males as compared to females and no association of development of retinopathy with gender was detected. Higher number of patients belonged to 4th and 5th decade of life. Four to five years of duration was noted among the half of the study population. Keywords: Retinopathy, Diabetes mellitus type II, Microalbuminauria

A STUDY ON TINEA CORPORIS INFECTION IN PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, TIRUPATI

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
V. Pavani Sai Mounika ◽  
B. Mahalakshmi ◽  
CH. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
C. Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Male Predominance

Purpose: Tinea corporis (Ringworm) is a form of Dermatophytosis, which is a supercial fungal infection involving the trunk, legs, arms, commonly seen in countries like India. Although it is non-invasive and curable, its widespread nature and recurrence rates impose an economic burden on society in developing countries like India. This study aims at isolating different species causing this infection and studying their clinical patterns. Method: The study included the samples from the outpatients attending the Dermatology department of SVRRGGH, Tirupati, who were suspected of having Tinea corporis based on the clinical details, during the period from August 2018 to August 2019. The scrapings are examined by KOH mount and inoculated on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar and Dermatophyte test medium. The species are identied by colony morphology, Lactophenol cotton blue mount, biochemical reactions and standard procedures. Results: Out of 110 samples, overall positivity on direct microscopy is 78.2% (82), for Culture is 38.2%(42) and positive for both KOH and Culture are 38(34%). Out of 7 species isolated, the commonest isolate is Trichophyton mentagrophytes 19(45%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum 12(28%). Conclusion: Tinea corporis infections are more common in the 16-30 years age group, most of the patients belonging to low socioeconomic status with male predominance. Trichophyton species are commonly isolated from lesions in the waist and lower limbs, while Microsporum species from lesions on lower limbs. T. mentagrophytes was found to be the most common isolate and T. rubrum in case of extensive lesions.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of stillbirth at a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4012
Author(s):  
Sarika Gautam ◽  
Vandana Rani ◽  
Monika Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Foetal Death ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Supportive Counselling ◽  
Mental Trauma

Background: Stillbirth is a matter of concern for mother and family as it leads to mental trauma and requires a supportive counselling about the cause of death, management of current pregnancy and future of next pregnancy.Methods: Present retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 3 years which include 1765 females who had foetal death. Pregnancy of ≥28 week or fetal weight ≥1000 gram were taken as inclusion criteria.Results: Total number of births in above said period were 32085 and number of total stillbirth reported were 1765 that is 5.5% of total birth. Maximum cases had their first pregnancy (45.3%) and of were of 20 to 25-year age group (61.02%), and most of them were illiterate (63.96%) and belong to low socioeconomic status (95.8%). The causes for stillbirth were divided into four groups - medical, obstetrical, placental and unexplained causes which were 6.96%, 31.38%, 14.10%, and 47.53% respectively. Management of stillbirth was done as per standard protocol for the department and 90.9% cases had vaginal deliveries, 8.8% cases had caesarean section, and 0.16% had operative vaginal delivery.Conclusions: Stillbirth is a hidden component of new born health status which is often neglected when we talk about perinatal mortality and infant mortality. Majority of case had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy followed by antepartum haemorrhage, infection and congenital malformations. 

scholarly journals Association between sociodemographic status and pulmonary tuberculosis: a case control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur Ratta ◽  
Sanjay S. Kubde ◽  
Rupali Patle
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
Control Study

Background: The case control study, an analytical approach of epidemiology is a very important tool to detect the strength of association of risk factors with a disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate association between sociodemographic profile and pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This was case control study carried out in tertiary care hospital and urban field practice area from July 2010 to November 2012. Total 150 cases, 150 hospital control and 150 community controls were included in the study according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were interviewed and examined according to the preformed and pretested proforma in the respective OPDs.Results: Mean age of cases was found to be 35.94 years and those of hospital controls and community controls were 36.12 and 36.08 years respectively. Maximum cases and controls were Hindu, married, from urban area and belongs to upper lower socioeconomic class. Low socioeconomic status was found to be associated with risk of pulmonary tuberculosis and this association was statistically significant (OR=4.45, 95% CI 2.53–7.82, p<0.0001).Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status showed significant association with pulmonary TB with both the control groups.

Prevalence of Stunting in Syrian Refugee Children With Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate in Time of Crisis: A Call for Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1166-1170
Author(s):  
Bachar F. Chaya ◽  
Rawad Chalhoub ◽  
Rola Jaafar ◽  
Nour Nahhas ◽  
Ghassan Abu-Sittah
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Medical Chart Review

Objective: Our study aims to compare the prevalence of stunted growth in Syrian refugee children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL±CP) to other children with CL±CP of similar socioeconomic status. Design: A retrospective medical chart review. Setting: Center for Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery at a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon in the period between January 2013 and May 2019. Patients, Participants: One hundred three Syrian refugee children and 70 Lebanese children <18 years of low socioeconomic status who have CL, CP, or both. Interventions: These patients underwent cleft repair surgeries at our center. Main Outcome Measure(s): Stunted growth measured by calculating the height-for-age z-score (HAZ). Results: Using a confidence interval of 95%, the prevalence of stunting is significantly higher among Syrian refugees ( P < .003). The prevalence of stunting and age of presentation were positively correlated ( P < .02). There was no difference in stunting between patients with CP and CL ( P < .746). There was no difference in stunting between genders. Conclusions: The majority of Syrian refugee patients with CL±CP fall on the malnourished side of the nutritional spectrum as reflected by the high percentage of stunting as well as a mean of −1 for the HAZ.

scholarly journals STUDY OF HAEMATOLOGICALABNORMALITIES AMONG PAEDIATRIC LUPUS CASES ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Md Rakibul Hassan ◽  
Ashik Hossain ◽  
Tamana Parvin ◽  
Supratim Datta ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Paediatric Medicine ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Patient Department

Systemic lupus erythematosus or SLE is a chronic autoimmune disorder of multiple systems that affects blood vessels and connective tissues. Children with SLE generally have a more severe and aggressive disease course than patients with adult-onset disease. Assess the hematological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), amely leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, anaemia-with special reference to autoimmune haemolytic naemia (AIHA). Co-relation among different antibodies and clinical and hematological findings In-patients and Out-patients Department (OPD) of Paediatric Medicine, and out-patient Department (OPD) of Dept. of Rheumatology IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, a tertiary care center in West Bengal. Period of study-1.5 years (February 2018-July 2019). Inpatient Department and Out patient Department(OPD) of Department of Paediatric Medicine, IPGMER& SSKM Hospital. Depending upon the previous records, available patients eligible for the study , 30 patients were taken as study population. Definition of population- Children upto 12 years of age, attending the Department of Paediatric Medicine of IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, who were diagnosed cases of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria for this study. Lupus nephritis was seen in more than half of the pediatric SLE cases. Larger number of study population needed to find statistically significant association between different parameters in this study

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