scholarly journals Physiological status of high and low metabolism Hevea clones in the difference stage of tapping panel dryness

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
RADITE TISTAMA ◽  
PUTRI ARISMA SIREGAR MAWADDAH ◽  
LUBIS ADE-FIPRIANI ◽  
JUNAIDI JUNAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Bark Tissue ◽  
Inorganic Content ◽  
Thiol Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tapping Panel Dryness ◽  
Physiological Characters

Tistama R, Mawaddah PAS, Ade-Fipriani L, Junaidi. 2019. Physiological status of high and low metabolism Hevea clones in the difference stage of tapping panel dryness. Biodiversitas 20: 267-273. Tapping panel dryness (TPD) caused productivity of rubber trees drop sharply. However, the increase of TPD stage has not been completely elucidated, especially in physiological aspects. TPD incident was higher occurred in high metabolism than low metabolism clones. The incident has been classified based on visual observation. This research aimed to explore the physiological characters to identifying the physiological changes of each TPD stage in the two metabolism types of rubber clones, IRR 42 (low metabolism) and IRR 118 (high metabolism). The physiological parameters such as thiol, Pi content and peroxidase activity were specifically in each clone and the tissue types (bark or laticifer). The physiological pattern of IRR 42 was a difference with that of IRR 118 for the increase of the TPD stages. Phosphate inorganic content in the latex and bark were a decline in the TPD affected trees, whereas the sucrose content was relatively constant. The pattern of changes of thiol content in IRR 42 was reverse with IRR 118, both in the latex or bark tissue. Peroxidases activity in the latex and bark negatively correlated with the TPD stage. The decline of Pi and peroxidase activity can be used to identify the TPD incident in rubber trees.

Efficacy of prayer in inducing immediate physiological changes: a systematic analysis of objective experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Chin ◽  
Ryan Chou ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Kunal Vakharia ◽  
Hamid Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Blood Marker

Abstract Objectives To assess the immediate impact of prayer on physiological state by systematically reviewing objective, controlled experimental studies in the literature. Content Experimental studies measuring objective physiological changes induced by prayer. Studies containing the keyword, “Prayer” anywhere in the title or abstract were curated from the following databases: Public/Publisher Medline (PubMed), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) in May 2019. Titles and abstracts were screened with the remaining 30 articles analyzed for inclusion. Only experimental studies were included. Summary Eight experimental studies were identified of which five investigated neurocognitive changes and three investigated systemic physiological changes during prayer. The five studies focusing on neuroactivity used functional MRI (fMRI), electroencephalography or SPECT imaging to obtain measurements. The remaining three studies analyzed an array of systemic physiological metrics, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, peripheral resistance, baroreceptor sensitivity and/or cardiovascular rhythm variability during prayer. All studies aside from one saw objective changes during prayer. Neurocognitive changes were mainly associated with improved mental functioning, control and pain tolerance. Prayer was found to slow down physiological functions in two of the three vital-based studies, with the third reporting no change in physiological status. None of the studies measured blood marker changes. Outlook Experimental studies show prayer to induce healthy neurocognitive and physiological changes. Additional studies exploring objective measures from prayer are encouraged to provide practitioners with a more nuanced, scientific perspective when it comes to prescribing prayer as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy.

Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy Based Coupling Analysis of Alpha Rhythm Electroencephalogram

2014 ◽  
Vol 574 ◽  
pp. 718-722
Author(s):  
Ning Ji ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
An Shan Pei ◽  
Jia Fei Dai ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Noise Resistance ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Coupling Analysis ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
The Difference

This paper presents the Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy algorithm to quantify the coupling degree between two alpha rhythm EEG time series which are simultaneously acquired. The results show that in the process of scale change, the young and middle-aged differ from each other in terms of the coupling degree of alpha rhythm EEG and the difference grow clear gradually. So the Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy can be used to analyze the coupling information of time series under different physiological status, and it also has good noise resistance. Besides, as an indicator of measuring brain function, in the future it can also come to the aid of clinical evaluation of brain function.

Foetal wastage in food animals slaughtered at Nsukka Municipal abattoir, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
F. O. Abonyi ◽  
O. E. Ikejiofor ◽  
K. I. Idika
Keyword(s):  
Visual Observation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Food Animals ◽  
The Law

This study was conducted to evaluate foetal/pregnancy losses following slaughtering of food animals at Nsukka Municipal Abattoir Enugu State, Nigeria over a period of three months (April to June). The pregnancy status of each animal was determined tentatively by visual observation and by palpation of the exposed uterus after slaughtering. Attempts were made to recover embryos from dams with structures suggestive of pregnancy by flushing. Foetuses were recovered from slaughtered cattle, goats and pigs. The ages of recovered foetuses were determined and grouped according to the stage of gestation. A total of 2711 animals were slaughtered within the study period which comprised 1303 (48.06%) cattle, 756 (27.89%) pigs and 652 (24.05%) goats. The percentages of female animals slaughtered were 19.41, 49.74 and 91.26 for cattle, pigs and goals, respectively. Of these figures, 7.43%, 8.78% and 40.34% of cows, sows and does were pregnant, respectively. Similarly of the 78 uteri flushed, 4, 10 and 7 embryos were recovered from cattle, pigs and goats. The slaughtering of these pregnant animals resulted in loss of 605 foetuses; 417 goats, 174 pigs and 14 cattle, respectively. This amounts to possible economic losses of N5, 946,000.00 or $37,396.23. Reasons advanced for slaughtering of these pregnant animals included financial needs, scarcity and or high cost of feed and ignorance of the physiological status of the animals. It was concluded from the study that to reduce foetal losses in Nsukka area, educating the farmers, provision of portable pregnancy diagnostic facilities and enforcing the law prohibiting slaughtering of pregnant animals are vital.

Numerical Study of Effects of Initial Flow Field on Taylor Vortex Flow

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Furukawa ◽  
M. Hanaki ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Vortex Flow ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Taylor Vortex ◽  
Initial Flow ◽  
Taylor Vortex Flow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mode Formation

In concentrically rotating double cylinders consisting of a stationary outer cylinder and a rotating inner cylinder, Taylor vortex flow appears. Taylor vortex flow occurs in journal bearings, various fluid machineries, containers for chemical reaction, and other rotating components. Therefore, the analysis of the flow structure of Taylor vortex flow is highly effective for its control. The main parameters that determine the modes of Taylor vortex flow of a finite length are the aspect ratio Γ, Reynolds number Re. Γ is defined as the ratio of the cylinder length to the gap length between cylinders, and Re is determined on the basis of the angular speed of the inner cylinder. Γ was set to be 3.2, 4.8 and 6.8, and Re to be values in the range from 100 to 1000 at intervals of 100. Thus far, a large number of studies on Taylor vortex flow have been carried out; however, the effects of the differences in initial conditions have not yet been sufficiently clarified. In this study, we changed the initial flow field between the inner and outer cylinders in a numerical analysis, and examined the resulting changes in the mode formation and bifurcation processes. In this study, the initial speed distribution factor α was defined to be a function of the initial flow field and set to be 1.0, 0.999, 0.9 and 0.8 for the calculation. As a result, a difference was observed in the final mode depending on the difference in α for each Γ. From this finding, non-uniqueness, which is a major characteristic of Taylor vortex flow, was confirmed. However, no regularities regarding the difference in mode formation were found and the tendency of the mode formation process was not specified. Moreover, the processes of developing the vortex resulting in different final modes were monitored over time by visual observation. Similar flow behaviors were initially observed after the start of the calculation. Then, a bifurcation point, at which the flow changed to a mode depending on α, was observed, and finally the flow became steady. In addition, there was also a difference in the time taken for the flow to reach the steady state. These findings are based on only visual observation. Accordingly, a more detailed analysis at each lattice point and a comparison of physical quantities, such as kinetic energy and enstrophy, will be our future tasks.

scholarly journals Changes of urine metabolite profiles are induced by inactivated influenza vaccine inoculations in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eita Sasaki ◽  
Hideki Kusunoki ◽  
Haruka Momose ◽  
Keiko Furuhata ◽  
Kazuo Hosoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urine Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis ◽  
Urine Metabolite

Abstract The safety evaluation of vaccines is critical to avoid the development of side effects in humans. To increase the sensitivity of detection for toxicity tests, it is important to capture not only pathological changes but also physiological changes. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis of biofluids produces profiles that show characteristic responses to changes in physiological status. In this study, mouse urine metabolomics analysis with 1H NMR was performed using different influenza vaccines of varying toxicity to assess the usefulness of 1H NMR in evaluating vaccine toxicity. Two types of influenza vaccines were used as model vaccines: a toxicity reference vaccine (RE) and a hemagglutinin split vaccine. According to the blood biochemical analyses, the plasma alanine transaminase levels were increased in RE-treated mice. Changes in metabolite levels between mice administered different types of influenza vaccines were observed in the 1H NMR spectra of urine, and a tendency toward dosage-dependent responses for some spectra was observed. Hierarchical clustering analyses and principal component analyses showed that the changes in various urine metabolite levels allowed for the classification of different types of vaccines. Among them, two liver-derived metabolites were shown to largely contribute to the formation of the cluster. These results demonstrate the possibility that urine metabolomics analysis could provide information about vaccine-induced toxicity and physiological changes.

QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE HORMONAL INDUCTION OF OESTRUS IN SPAYED EWES

1955 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Endogenous Oestrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Response Line ◽  
Mean Time

SUMMARY Seven trials were conducted with sixty-nine ovariectomized Suffolk cross-bred ewes to determine the requirements of oestradiol benzoate (ODB), given alone or preceded by 75 mg progesterone (6 × 12·5 mg in oil over 3 days, followed 2 days later by oestrogen), for oestrous behaviour and characteristic vaginal changes. Progesterone pretreatment resulted in a marked increase of sensitivity to oestrogen. For oestrus, the respective values of the median effective dose (ED 50) for ODB preceded by progesterone and for ODB alone were 22 and 64 μg, the difference being significant (P<0·001). The 99% fiducial limits associated with these estimates were respectively 19 and 26 μg and 52 and 81 μg. For vaginal changes the corresponding values were 10-14-17 and 20-24-28 (P<0·001). Progesterone pretreatment resulted in an apparently steeper dose-response line for oestrus, and advanced the mean time of onset by about 12 hr. The behaviour pattern following progesterone—ODB appeared to differ from that following ODB alone. Oestrus in the ewe appears to be under dual hormonal control. Endogenous oestrogen production is insufficient to induce the full psychic and physiological changes associated with normal oestrus, unless the animal has been conditioned previously by progesterone.

scholarly journals Variance in Stallion Semen Quality among Equestrian Sporting Disciplines and Competition Levels

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Megan Wilson ◽  
Jess Williams ◽  
V. Tamara Montrose ◽  
Jane Williams
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Controversial Subject ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Difference

Most stallions within breeding programmes are expected to breed and compete concurrently. The exercising of stallions with regards to training regimes during the breeding season is a controversial subject. Daily exercise at low intensities is important for the mental and reproductive well-being of the stallion, however higher intensities of exercise, as seen in competing stallions, may have detrimental effects on seminal quality. To calculate if competition does affect semen quality, this study investigated the effect that equestrian discipline and timing of competition had on a range of stallion semen characteristics. This was a retrospective study that evaluated the seminal data of 1130 stallion semen collections from two UK based stud farms between 2009 and 2016. Competing stallion semen quality was significantly lower with regards to concentration (p < 0.05) and progressive motility (p < 0.05) than non-competing stallions. Semen volume was higher in competing stallions (p < 0.05) than non-competing stallions. There was a significant difference in seminal attributes among disciplines and competition levels (p < 0.05). The difference in semen quality among competing and non-competing stallions, as well as the difference among disciplines suggests endocrinological and physiological changes occur in relation to training intensity and competition.

Coupling Analysis of Beta Rhythm Electroencephalogram Based on the Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy

2014 ◽  
Vol 595 ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Ning Ji ◽  
Jun Tan ◽  
An Shan Pei ◽  
Jia Fei Dai ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Coupling Analysis ◽  
Beta Rhythm ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Difference

This paper presents the Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy algorithm to quantify the coupling degree between two beta rhythm EEG time series which are simultaneously acquired. The results show that in the process of scale change, the young and middle-aged differ from each other in terms of the coupling degree of beta rhythm EEG and the difference grow clear gradually from 4th scale. So the Multiscale Mutual Mode Entropy can be used to analyze the coupling information of time series under different physiological status. Besides, as an indicator of measuring brain function, in the future it can also come to the aid of clinical evaluation of brain function.

Studies on the diet of the grazing animal. II. The effect of physiological status in ewes and pasture availability on herbage intake

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Arnold ◽  
ML Dudzinski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
The Difference

The digestible organic matter intake (DOMI) of ewes grazing Phalaris tuberosa–Trifolium subterraneum pastures was studied under controlled conditions. The variables studied were pasture conditions, breed, and physiological status of the ewe. The DOMI's of dry, pregnant, and lactating ewes were significantly related, in asymptotic form, to pasture conditions. About 40% of the variability in DOMI was accounted for by the total dry matter available per acre. Further variability was taken out by multiple regression in which diet digestibility, green pasture dry matter per acre, and leaf length were used. Regression models were similar for dry, pregnant, and lactating ewes. Dry and pregnant ewes within both breeds (2-year-old Border Leicester x Merino and 5-year-old Corriedale ewes) had similar DOMI's. The DOMI of lactating ewes was significantly higher than that of dry ewes within both breeds. The increase at the mean maximum intake was 50% for Border Leicester x Merino ewes and 25% for Corriedale ewes. The relative increase was greater at lower pasture yields and shorter leaf lengths. Intakes of Border Leicester x Merino ewes were substantially higher than those of Corriedale ewes although the ewes of both breeds were of similar weight. Reasons for this difference and the difference in lactation response on intake are discussed. Differences in grazing time and rate of eating were found between breeds and between ewes of different physiological status within breeds. The need for more detailed knowledge of grazing behaviour before these differences can be correctly interpreted is stressed.

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