Vegetative anatomy of three potted Chrysanthemum varieties under various paclobutrazol concentrations

Abstract. Lailaty IQ, Nugroho LH. 2021. Vegetative anatomy of three potted Chrysanthemum varieties under various paclobutrazol concentrations. Biodiversitas 22: 563-570. Chrysanthemum is one ornamental plant with high potential to be developed commercially. It has many varieties such as colors, types, and shapes of flowers. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is one of plant growth regulators used to suppress plant growth. The PBZ action mechanism is to inhibit gibberellin synthesis. The application of PBZ with a certain concentration on Chrysanthemum plants has the potential to form potted Chrysanthemum. The aim of this study was to analyze the anatomical variation of potted mums varieties, i.e. Jaguar Red, Snow White and Fiji White, and also the effect of PBZ with various concentrations on the anatomy of the stems and leaves of three Chrysanthemum varieties. The research was conducted by applying PBZ concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 ppm to the three Chrysanthemum varieties and grown for 8 weeks to form potted Mums. Then, the anatomy of stems and leaves was studied using the paraffin and freehand section methods. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) for anatomical characters in stems and leaves of three Chrysanthemum varieties. The results showed that the length of the epidermal cells of Fiji white variety was longer than those of Snow White and Jaguar Red. Meanwhile, Jaguar Red produced greater stem thickness, stomata, and leaf thickness than those of the other two varieties. PBZ could increase the size of the anatomical parameters of Chrysanthemum stems and leaves for all varieties. The PBZ concentration of 150 ppm increased leaf thickness and stem diameter, as well as tracheal diameter. The PBZ concentration of 100 ppm increased the size of the guard cells, palisade and spongy tissue, also peripheral tissues. Meanwhile, the PBZ concentration of 50 ppm had an effect on the increase in the number of stomata and pith diameter. The optimum PBZ concentration to form potted Chrysanthemum was 150 ppm.

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Efektifitas Jamur Metharhizium anisopliae Menghambat Perkembangan Hama Uret pada Tanaman Cincau Hitam (Mesona palustris BL)

JURNAL AGRI-TEK Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta ◽

10.33319/agtek.v20i1.27 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Wuye Ria Andayanie

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

The Body ◽

Diversity Analysis ◽

Root Volume ◽

Average Growth ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Average Plant ◽

Range Test

Black grass jelly plants can be used as conservation plants. However, uret pests (Leucopholis rorida F.) are often complained that eat the base of the stems, flowers and roots at night. This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of M. anisopliae fungi on uret pests, (2) the level of susceptibility of uret pests, and (3) M. anisopliae fungal effectiveness on uret pests. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Data from the observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5% test carried out when diversity analysis showed a real effect. Uret mortality monitoring will be carried out after the application of fungi. by observing each uret and calculating the amount of uret mortality and average plant growth. The highest percentage of second instar larvae from uret was found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next temperature of 28 oC applied to the field with straw mulch) which was 82, 98% at 12 days after application of fungi. The average growth of plants consisting of: root length, root volume, stem diameter and number of shoots was also found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next 28 oC, applied to the field with straw mulch), respectively amounting to 12.45; 5.70; 1.88; 12,15. Dead larvae emit fluids such as ethanol and their bodies are weak, then the body dries and hardens and stiffens, like mummies and fungi forming green sporulation. Keywords—: black grass jelly plants; Leucopholis rorida F;Metharhizium anisopliae; mortality;effectiveness

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Envirommental and Plant Growth Stage Effects on Composition and Digestibility of Crownvetch Stems and Leaves 1

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1981.00021962007300010027x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 122-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. A. Jung ◽

D. E. Brann ◽

G. W. Fissel

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Stems And Leaves

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The effect of zinc supply and succinate treatment on plant growth and mineral uptake in pea plant

Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1590/s1677-04202002000200005 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 111-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Zlatimira Stoyanova ◽

Snejana Doncheva

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Anion ◽

Mineral Uptake ◽

Stress Indicators ◽

Zn Toxicity ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Ameliorative Effect ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

As Stress

The influence of succinate treatment on Zn toxicity was investigated using plant growth and mineral uptake as stress indicators. Pea plants (Pisum sativum L., cv. Citrine) were treated with various Zn concentrations (0.67 to 700 muM Zn) in the presence and absence of 0.2 mM Na-succinate. Plants pre-treated with succinate and then exposed to Zn exhibited higher dry root, stem and leaf weight than the plants treated with Zn alone. An increase in Zn supply resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of Ca, Mg, P in the roots and an increase of Ca and N levels in the stems and leaves. The amount of Zn in the roots, stems and leaves increased with greater Zn rates. The succinate treatment increased P in the roots but did not affect the Ca, N and Mg contents in Zn-treated plants. Most of the Zn taken up was retained in the roots after succinate treatment. The ameliorative effect of succinate on plant growth could be due to a lower Zn translocation in the leaves and stems and increased Zn accumulation in the roots. Lower Zn translocation in aboveground parts seemed to result from Zn complexing by organic anion in the roots. This probably caused less Zn transport to the stems and leaves and suggested that succinate has potential for complexing with Zn and may play a role in tolerance to high Zn levels.

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Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai Hitam (Glycine max L. Merill) pada Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Kandang dan Konsentrasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria

Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi ◽

10.14710/baf.5.1.2020.52-59 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

Murtinah Murtinah ◽

Eny Fuskhah ◽

Adriani Darmawati

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Range Test

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan jenis pupuk kandang dan berbagai konsentrasi plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai hitam (Glycine max L. Merill). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah jenis pupuk kandang (tanpa pupuk, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk kandang kambing) dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi PGPR (PGPR komersial 5 ml/l air, 0 ml/l air, 5 ml/l air, 12,5 ml/l air, dan 20 ml/l air). Parameter pertumbuhan yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Parameter produksi yang diamati yaitu jumlah polong, berat polong dan bobot 100 biji. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis pupuk kandang mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah polong, berat polong dan bobot 100 biji. Peningkatan konsentrasi PGPR hanya meningkatkan tinggi tanaman. Tidak menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara jenis pupuk kandang dan konsentrasi PGPR dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai hitam. Kata kunci : pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang kambing, PGPR, kedelai hitam

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MEDIA ROOT TRAINER MENGANDUNG COCOPEAT DAN GAMBUT MENDUKUNG PERTUMBUHAN DAN KUALITAS AKAR BATANG BAWAH KARET / Root Trainer Media Containing Cocopeat and Peat to Support Growth and Quality of Rubber Rootstock Roots

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v26n1.2020.23-31 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Nur Eko Prasetyo ◽

Budi Setyawan ◽

Samijan Samijan ◽

Nofitri Dewi Rinojati ◽

Sumarmadji Sumarmadji

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Organic Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Range Test

The physical and chemical properties of the growing medium for root trainer of rubber are critical to support plant growth. This study aimed to obtain the best medium for growing rootstock rubber seedlings in the root trainer. Rubber clone PR 300 seeds were germinated for 21 days, then raised in root trainer pots for five months. The treatments evaluated were a mixture of cocopeat, Rawapening peat, and manure at different ratios. The experiment was designed in a Randomized Block Design, three replications, 30 plants per replicate, totaling 720 plants. The observed variables were N, P, K, Mg, C-organic content, pH, and cation exchange capacity of cocopeat, peat, and manure, as well as plant growth (height, stem diameter, wet weight, and dry weight). ANOVA used for analyzing data, followed with the Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. The results showed that there were three best root trainer media for PR 300 rubber rootstock seedlings were a mixture of cocopeat + peat (1:1), cocopeat + peat + manure (1:2:1), and cocopeat + peat + manure (2:1:1). The growth and compactness of the roots are outstanding, so the seedlings are easily removed from the root trainer pots without significant damage. Based on the initiation and cost, the best root trainer medium is a mixture of cocopeat + peat + manure (1: 2:1). It is necessary to study the use of other types of peat soils apart from Rawapening. Also, it needs to be observed further plant growth after inoculation with the stem and after planting in the field.Keywords : Planting medium, Rawapening peat, rubber clone PR 300. Abstrak Sifat fisik dan kimia media tanam di dalam wadah root trainer bibit karet sangat penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan bibit batang bawah karet di dalam root trainer. Benih klon karet PR 300 dikecambahkan selama 21 hari pada bedeng pengecambahan kemudian dipindah-tanam dan dibesarkan selama 5 bulan dalam pot root trainer. Perlakuannya yaitu campuran cocopeat, gambut Rawapening, dan pupuk kandang (pukan) pada berbagai ratio, dan kontrol. Penelitian dirancang secara Acak Kelompok, tiga ulangan, masing-masing 30 tanaman, sehingga totalnya 720 tanaman. Variabel yang diamati yaitu kandungan N, P, K, Mg, C-organik, pH, dan kapasitas tukar kation dari cocopeat, gambut, dan pupuk kandang, serta pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi, diameter batang, bobot segar, dan bobot kering). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, kemudian Duncan Multiple Range Test pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga macam media root trainer terbaik untuk bibit batang bawah karet klon PR 300 yaitu campuran cocopeat + gambut (1:1), cocopeat + gambut + pukan (1:2:1), dan cocopeat + gambut + pukan (2:1:1). Pertumbuhan dan kekompakan akar sangat baik sehingga bibit mudah dilepas dari root tainer tanpa kerusakan berarti. Berdasarkan kepraktisan dan biaya maka media root trainer terbaik adalah campuran media cocopeat + gambut + pukan (1:2:1). Perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai pemanfaatan tanah gambut jenis lainnya selain dari Rawapening. Selain itu, juga perlu diamati lebih lanjut pertumbuhan tanaman setelah diokulasi dengan batang atas maupun setelah ditanam di lapangan.Kata kunci : Gambut Rawapening, klon karet PR 300, media tanam.

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Alternating Red/Blue Light Increases Leaf Thickness and Mesophyll Cell Density in the Early Growth Stage, Improving Photosynthesis and Plant Growth in Lettuce

Environment Control in Biology ◽

10.2525/ecb.59.59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 59-67

Author(s):

Noriko OHTAKE ◽

Yao JU ◽

Masaharu ISHIKURA ◽

Hiroshi SUZUKI ◽

Shunsuke ADACHI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Cell Density ◽

Blue Light ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Mesophyll Cell ◽

Early Growth ◽

Leaf Thickness ◽

Early Growth Stage

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Metals uptake behaviour in Miscanthus x giganteus plant during growth at the contaminated soil from the military site in Sliač, Slovakia

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology ◽

10.2478/pjct-2018-0016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Valentina V. Pidlisnyuk ◽

Larry E. Erickson ◽

Josef Trögl ◽

Pavlo Y. Shapoval ◽

Jan Popelka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Bioconcentration Factor ◽

Plant Roots ◽

Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽

Biofuel Crop ◽

Accumulation Of Metals ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

Metals Accumulation ◽

The Military

Abstract Peculiarities of metals uptake by the biofuel crop Miscanthus x giganteus were explored during plant growth at soil from the military site (Sliač, Slovakia). The experiment was carried out in greenhouse during two vegetation seasons. Research soil was predominantly elevated in Fe and Ti, while other metals (As, Cu, Mn, Sr, Zn and Zr) were presented at order of magnitude lower concentrations. No inhibition of plant growth was observed. The calculated Bioconcentration Factor showed that levels of metals’ accumulation by plant roots, stems and leaves were independent of metals’ concentrations in the soil. The accumulation of metals by stems and leaves was much lower than by roots. As, Zr, Ti were almost not accumulated by stems and leaves during both seasons; accumulation of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Sr was not essential which confirmed that biomass of M. x giganteus might be processed for the energy purpose.

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Pengaruh Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Terhadap Bibit dan Pertumbuhan Awal Pepaya

Buletin Agrohorti ◽

10.29244/agrob.4.1.63-69 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samson Bin Nasib ◽

Ketty Suketi ◽

Winarso Drajad Widodo

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Range Test

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh PGPR pada bibit dan pertumbuhan awal pepaya. Percobaan dilakukan dari bulan Februari sampai Mei 2015 di Kebun Percobaan Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika IPB Pasirkuda Ciomas, Bogor, dengan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak 2 faktor dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah konsentrasi larutan PGPR (5 ml L-1, 10 ml L-1 dan 15 ml L-1) dan lama perendaman PGPR (30 menit, 60 menit,90 menit dan 120 menit). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji F dan perlakuan berpengaruh dianalisis dengan DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf selang kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian di polybag menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi larutan PGPR, lama perendaman PGPR dan interaksi antara konsentrasi PGPR dengan lama perendaman PGPR mempengaruhi jumlah daun dan diameter batang di fase pembibitan. Hasil penelitian di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi larutan PGPR, lama perendaman PGPR dan interaksi antara konsentrasi PGPR dengan lama perendaman PGPR tidak mempengaruhi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang petiol, lebar daun, panjang daun, waktu bunga pertama muncul, tinggi kedudukkan bunga, jumlah pohon betina, jumlah pohon hermaprodit, jumlah bunga betina dan jumlah bunga hermaprodit. Konsentrasi PGPR mempengaruhi panjang petiol pada 5 minggu setelah tanam.

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Potensi Bakteri Endofit dari Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon spp.) sebagai Agens Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi

JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN ◽

10.30598/jbdp.2018.14.2.75 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 75-80

Author(s):

Yatni Yatni ◽

Gratiana N C Tuhumury ◽

Christoffol Leiwakabessy

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Test Results ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

The People ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Stems And Leaves

Sago is a staple plant of the people of Maluku and Papua, which have many benefits and advantages to continue to be developed. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissues and colonize the intercellular and vascular systems. This study aims to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates from parts of the roots, stems, and leaves of sago plants which have the potential as agents for plant growth promoting bacteria. Endophytic bacteria are isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves. Based on the results of isolation, 21 isolates of endophytic bacteria were found. Then, the selection is done by hypersensitivity test and gram reaction test. The results of the selection obtained 20 isolates of endophytic bacteria that were not pathogenic. After that, it was followed by plant growth promoting test for endophytic bacterial isolates. The test results were obtained three isolates potentially as plant growth promoter that is STA1, STA6, and STA11. Keywords: endophytic bacteria, plant growth promoting, sago ABSTRAK Tanaman sagu merupakan tanaman pokok masyarakat Maluku dan Papua, yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan keunggulan untuk terus dikembangkan. Bakteri endofit adalah bakteri yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman dan berkoloni pada daerah ruang interseluler dan sistem vascular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri endofit dari bagian akar,batang dan daun tanaman sagu yang berpotensi sebagai agens pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari bagian akar, batang, dan daun. Berdasarkan hasil isolasi yang telah dilakukan didapati 21 isolat bakteri endofit. Kemudian seleksi dilakukan dengan uji hipersensitif dan uji reaksi gram. Hasil seleksi diperoleh 20 isolat bakteri endofit yang bukan patogen. Setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan uji pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman terhadap isolat bakteri endofit. Hasil pengujian tersebut diperoleh tiga isolat bakteri yang berpotensi sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu STA1, STA6, dan STA11. Kata kunci: bakteri endofit, pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, sagu

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Culturable endophytic bacteria from stems and leaves of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Ecological genetics ◽

10.17816/ecogen17915 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ekaterina N. Vasileva ◽

Gulnar A. Akhtemova ◽

Alexey M. Afonin ◽

Alexey Borisov ◽

Igor A. Tikhonovich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Garden Pea ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Stems And Leaves

Background. Endophytic microorganisms inhabit internal tissues of most plants. However, little is known about endophytic community of the garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), an agriculturally important crop. Materials and methods. Culturable endophytic bacteria were isolated from sterilized stems and leaves of three pea genotypes: K-8274 (cv. Vendevil), K-3358 (unnamed cultivar), and cv.Triumph. The taxonomic position of isolates was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The plant growth-promoting capabilityof identified bacteria was tested on the roots of watercress (Lepidium sativum L.). Results. In total, out of 118 morphotypes of culturable endophytic bacteria identified, for 80 the taxonomic position was determined. Proteobacteria and Firmicuteswere dominant phyla, and Actinobacteria were present in minority. Eight bacterial isolates demonstrated the plant growth-promoting capability, and one of them KV17 (Rahnella sp.) maintained this capability after several passages and prolonged storage. Conclusion.The plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from pea stems and leaves can become a component of microbiological preparations.

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