scholarly journals Agronomic characters, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, and heritability of 12 genotypes of rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaenudin Kartahadimaja ◽  
SETYO DWI UTOMO ◽  
ERWIN YULIADI ◽  
ABDUL KADIR SALAM ◽  
WARSONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Grain Width

Abstract. Kartahadimaja J, Utomo SD, Yuliadi E, Salam AK, Warsono, Wahyudi A. 2021. Agronomic characters, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, and heritability of 12 genotypes of rice. Biodiversitas 22: 1091-1097. The achievement of national rice production is always below the target. One of the causes is the low productivity of the varieties grown due to the stagnant genetic capacity of these varieties. The assembly of new lines through breeding is one solution that can increase the genetic capacity of new varieties. Genetic diversity is one of the factors that influence the success of plant breeding. Ten new F9 rice lines were successfully assembled showing various phenotypes. The identification of the specific advantages of each of these new rice lines was based largely on the phenotypic response. The research objective was to identify the genetic advantages of each line through the analysis approach of genetic diversity coefficient (GDC), Phenotific Diversity Coefficient (PDC), and broad-sense heritability. The research was designed on a randomized completely block design (RCBD) with ten new F9 rice lines and two comparison varieties as treatments, repeated three times. The variables observed were plant height, maximum number of tillers, number of productive tillers, flowering time, harvesting time, panicle length, number of grain per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of empty grain per panicle, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, and grain yield per hectare. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there was a difference between the mean values, it was continued with a 5% LSD test. The results showed that (i) the genotypes tested showed wide genetic and phenotypic diversity, (ii) based on the analysis of GDC, PDC, and broad sense heritability, the appearance of phenotypes of several agronomic characters was controlled by genetic factors.

Performance, heterosis and heritability in selected tropical maize single, double and three-way cross hybrids

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. SALEH ◽  
D. ABDULLAH ◽  
A. R. ANUAR
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Parental Inbred ◽  
Ear Number

A series of tropical maize hybrids, involving 10 single, four double and four three-way crosses were evaluated with their parental inbred lines and three control varieties, at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. The objectives were to identify hybrids superior for yield, yield components and other agronomic traits, to estimate heterosis revealed by the hybrids, and to estimate broad-sense heritability for important characters in the populations. The hybrids were found to vary highly for grain yield and most other traits measured. High estimates of heterosis were shown by grain yield, ear weight and grain weight per ear, moderate for plant and ear heights, shelling percentage, ear diameter, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per ear row and 100-grain weight. The hybrids flowered and matured earlier than their respective inbred parents. Estimates of broad-sense heritability also varied with characters. Moderate heritability was shown for grain yield indicating a substantial amount of genetic variation in this population of hybrids. Low and negligible heritability for days to silking and 100-grain weight indicate that these traits were very much influenced by environmental factors. Based on the overall performance of the hybrids, the single cross, SC-2, the double cross, DC-11 and the three-way cross, TWC-15, were found to have high potential. No obvious differences were observed in performance among the three categories of hybrids, the single, double and three-way crosses.

scholarly journals Segregation pattern and inbreeding depression in F2 generation of some hybrid okra varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-335
Author(s):  
Sonia Akter Laboni ◽  
SM Ahsan ◽  
Shepon Chandra Ghosh ◽  
Eftekhar Mahmud ◽  
Mostafizur Rahman Talukder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Segregation Pattern ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Agriculture Research Institute ◽  
F2 Generation

An experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the experimental field of Regional Horticulture Research Station (RHRS), Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI), Lebukhali, Patuakhali during April, 2014 to October, 2014 for assessing the inbreeding depression, genetic parameters, gene action and segregation pattern of Okra [Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench]. The experiment was comprised of five commercial hybrid Okra genotypes such as Tara sonali, Bimala, Juboraj, Suvo 1and Noor, their respective F2 progenies along with a check variety named as BARI Dherosh 1. Results of the experiment indicated that there were considerable variability among the F1 and their F2. The yield were in-between 14.81 to 7.92 Kg plot-1in case of F1 generation, which deteriorate to 10.32 to 5.32 Kg plot-1 in F2 generation. Broad sense heritability computed through variance component method showed that all the quantitative traits were moderate to highly heritable. The trait yield per plot exhibited 68.83% broad sense heritability coupled with 50.96% genetic advance suggesting the existence of sufficient amount of genetic variability for improvement of this trait and also indicates that the trait is more amenable to selection and could be improved easily. In case of segregation pattern, plant height and pod pubescence content exhibit as polygenic trait. Leaf shape, fruit base shape and branching pattern showed complete dominance and fruit color displayed incomplete dominance. The present investigation thus provide information about the nature and magnitude of genetic variation, segregation pattern and inbreeding depression for yield and its components in okra so as to formulate suitable breeding strategy and isolate potential parents and promising crosses for further breeding program.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 316-335

scholarly journals Keragaman genetik, fenotip dan heritabilitas beberapa genotip sorghum pada kondisi tumpangsari dan monokultur

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/4568 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Kukuh Setiawan ◽  
Rafika Restiningtias ◽  
Setyo Dwi Utomo ◽  
Ardian Ardian ◽  
M S Hadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Brix Value

Selain sebagai bahan pangan dan pakan, sorgum berpotensi menghasilkan nira untuk bioethanol. Beragamnya potensi hasil nira, mendorong perlunya evaluasi keragaan berbagai genotip sorgum untuk digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produksi nira, membandingkan keragaman genetik dan fenotip pada beberapa genotip sorgum, serta menghitung heritabilitas arti luas. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sukanegara, Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan dari April 2017 sampai Februari 2018.  Rancangan perlakuan disusun secara strip plot dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan tiga ulangan yang digunakan sebagai kelompok.  Kondisi tumpangsari dan monokultur yang digunakan sebagai pembanding disusun secara strip plot. Sebanyak 15 genotip digunakan, yaitu GH 3, GH 4, GH 5, GH 6, GH 7, GH 13, Super 1, Super 2, Samurai 1, UPCA, Numbu, Mandau, Talaga Bodas, P/IWHP, dan P/F 5-193-C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotip Talaga Bodas mempunyai kandungan nira yang cukup tinggi baik pada kondisi tumpangsari maupun monokultur yang masing-masing sebesar 144,0 ml dan 166,0 ml.  Sementara genotip Super 1 menunjukkan kandungan nira paling tinggi pada kondisi tumpangsari (163,0 ml) dan genotip GH13 menghasilkan volume nira paling tinggi pada sistem monokultur (183,0 ml). Nilai heritabilitas arti luas pada tinggi tanaman, nilai brix, kandungan nira, dan jumlah ruas pada sistem tanam tumpangsari dan monokultur termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi (0,6-0,9). Nilai heritabilitas yang tinggi pada karakter tersebut menunjukkan bahwa faktor genetik lebih berpengaruh sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi.ABSTRACT In addition to foodstuffs and feed, sorghum potentially produces “nira” for bioethanol. The varying potency of the nira results, prompting the need to evaluate the performance of various sorghum genotypes for use as selection criteria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate nira production, to compare genetics and phenotype variances of sorghum genotypes, also to calculate broad sense heritability of some sorghum genotypes.  This study was conducted at Desa Sukanegara, Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan from April 2017 to February 2018.  The experiment was designed by stripe plot in completely randomized block design with three replications used as block. The conditions of monoculture and intercropping used as comparison were arranged in stripe plot.  As many as 15 genotypes used in this study i.e. GH 3, GH 4, GH 5, GH 6, GH 7, GH 13, Super 1, Super 2, Samurai 1, UPCA, Numbu, Mandau, Talaga Bodas, P/IWHP, and P/F 5-193-C. The result showed that Talaga Bodas genotype had high volume of nira content under monoculture and intercropping conditions as 144.0 ml and 166.0 ml, respectively. However, Super 1 genotype had high nira content (163.0 ml) under intercropping condition and GH13 genotype had high nira content under monoculture (183.0 ml). Broad sense heritability of plant height, brix value, nira content, and internode number in both intercropping and monoculture conditions was high (0.60 – 0.90).  These high heritability values mean that these characters are influenced by genetics factor and could be used as selection criteria.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity for Yield and Its Component Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Sanganamoni Srinivas ◽  
Lakmalla Vinay ◽  
Gaibriyal M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The present experiment was carried out to study the 40 chickpea genotypes to evaluate the Genetic diversity among the chickpea genotypes for yield and yield contributing traits and to identify genetically divergent parents for future hybridization. The present experiment was carried out during rabi 2019-2020 in Randomized complete block design with three replications at Sam Higginbottom university of agriculture technology and sciences, Prayagraj, Allahabad, U.P. The data was analyzed for 13 quantitative traits to study genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, genetic advance as percent of the mean. The magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic co-efficient recorded highest for a number of seeds for plant (33.31 and 34.24), high heritability associated with high genetic advance was recorded for a number of secondary branches for plant (97.11 and 59.98) suggesting that there was greater role of additive gene action in inheritance. The distribution of 40 genotypes into six clusters was by Tocher’s method at a random with the Maximum number of genotypes were grouped into cluster I which includes 29 genotypes. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for cluster I (59.53) which comprised of 29 genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance (407.97) was found between clusters II and VI. Genotypes (IPC-71, IPC 04-52, JG-31416, L-550, IPCK 09-165, ICC-244263, IPC 94-94 and IPC 06-11 to these clusters may be used as parents to create transgressive segregants. Cluster VI recorded maximum mean values for the number of primary branches per plant (3.67), number of secondary branches per plant (6.47), number of pods per plant (117.13), number of seeds per plant (155.53), and seed yield per plant (g) (25.94).

scholarly journals Karakter Agronomi Galur Padi Dihaploid Asal Kultur Antera Hasil Persilangan Three Way Cross

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Syafii ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Dan Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
High Genetic Variability ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Agronomic Character

<p><em></em><em>Anther culture is useful tool in rice breeding. The technique shortens the time to obtain full homozygous plant in just one generation. Information related to genetic variability among the regenerants is important for further analysis including selection activities. The objective of this study was to analyze agronomic character variability and yield potential among doubled-haploid lines (DH0) derived from anther culture. This study was carried out in Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (BB Biogen) from October 2016 to February 2017. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Forty eight doubled haploid lines derived from anther culture and three check varieties were evaluated. The results showed high genetic variability as well as broad sense heritability (more than 90%) for all variables tested. Several lines showed superior agronomic characters compared to check (Ciherang, Inpari 18, Inpago 10). Anther culture could generate high genetic variability for further selection.<br /><br />Keywords: anther culture, broad sense heritability, haploid technology</em></p>

scholarly journals Heritability and variance components of grain morphometric traits of bread wheat and durum wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-261
Author(s):  
Gordana Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Nenad Djuric ◽  
Vesna Kandic
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Grain Width ◽  
Very High

The aim of this work was to examine variability and broad-sense heritability of grain morphometric traits of 30 selected genotypes of bread wheat and durum wheat, in regard to their significant impact on yield and traits of milling, baking and processing quality. Trials with selected wheat assortment were set during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 years at the three locations: Rimski Sancevi, Zemun Polje and Padinska Skela. Results of this investigation showed that the genotype was the most significant source of variation of grain length for bread and durum wheat with 91.1% and 46.3% of explained sum of squares, while the environment was the most important source of variation of grain width and grain thickness for bread wheat (44% and 41.2% of sum of squares) and durum wheat (42% and 44% of sum of squares). Broad-sense heritability was very high (> 90%) for grain length of bread and durum wheat, grain width of durum wheat and grain thickness of durum wheat. Broad-sense heritability was high for grain width and grain thickness of bread wheat, with the values of 83% and 88.8%, respectively. Considering the high obtained values of broad-sense heritability and dominance of the genetic component of variance of grain length, grain width and grain thickness of bread and durum wheat, the success of selection for increased values of these traits can be predicted.

Host status and phenotypic diversity of rice cultivars resistant to Meloidogyne species under glasshouse conditions

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 991-999
Author(s):  
Andressa C.Z. Machado ◽  
Jerônimo V. de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Reproductive Factor ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Host Status

Five pot trials were carried out under glasshouse conditions to assess the host response of some selected rice cultivars to Meloidogyne javanica, M. paranaensis and M. enterolobii, based on nematode reproductive factor (RF) and number of nematodes (g root)−1. We also determined the broad-sense heritability and variance component estimations associated with M. paranaensis and M. incognita resistance. In addition, cluster analysis of cultivars was conducted. All cultivars were rated as susceptible or highly susceptible to M. javanica and highly resistant to M. enterolobii. To M. paranaensis, only cvs IAPAR 177 and BRS Caravela were resistant. From the principal component analysis and Ward’s cluster analysis, we obtained four conspicuous clusters of cultivars according to Meloidogyne species resistance, which demonstrates the variability of the genetic material studied. Higher broad-sense heritability values for RF and nematodes (g root)−1 were obtained. Taken together, our findings suggest that improvement of resistance of rice to Meloidogyne species resistance is possible. The implications for management programmes are also discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence Studies for Morphological Traits in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] over the Environments

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vikas Khandelwal ◽  
A. Keerthika ◽  
Meenakshi Dhoot
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Genetic diversity is an essential prerequisite for improving the genetic makeup of any crop. Inclusion of genetically diverse parents in hybridization programme helps in isolation of superior recombinants. So, an experiment was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity among 150 genotypes of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Rajasthan during Kharif - 2013, 2014 and 2015 in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Present study reveals that the clustering pattern based on D2 statistics grouped 150 genotypes into 6 clusters, out of which cluster 1 shows the highest intra cluster value (142.62) followed by cluster 2 (119.47). While maximum inter cluster distance (i.e.652.68) was observed between cluster 5 and cluster 6, indicating there is presence of wide range of genetic diversity among the sorghum genotypes. Such genotypes with wide genetic diversity based on their mean values can either be utilized for breeding programmes for genetic improvement in sorghum or directly adopted as a variety.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis in Exotic Hybrid Rice Genotypes Grown During Wet Season in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
A Ahmed ◽  
S G Shaon ◽  
M S Islam ◽  
P S Saha ◽  
M A Momin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Almost All

Two experiments were conducted with 43 IRRI developed F1 hybrid rice genotypes  (HRDC) for ten agronomic characters in a randomized complete block design to study the genetic diversity through multivariate analysis in Gazipur and Pabna districts, respectively during wet season 2013. On the basis of D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. During wet season, cluster III comprised maximum number of genotypes (15). The data obtained across locations showed that there are significant differences among HRDC genotypes for all growth parameters, yield and yield components. The highest yield (5.65 t ha-1) was observed in HRDC 1341 because of produced heaviest panicle (4.28 g) and the lowest (2.48 t ha-1) in HRDC 1311 because of obtained lowest fertility (49.9 %) and 1000-grain wt. (12.9 g), respectively. The maximum inter-cluster distances were observed between cluster I and V (11.63) and the minimum between cluster III and IV (2.35). The highest intra-cluster distance (1.73) was observed in cluster III and minimum in cluster I (0.00), since it consisted with one genotype. Difference in cluster means existed for almost all the characters studied. Among the characters, growth duration, spikelet panicle-1, fertility (%) and 1000-grain wt contributed the most for divergence in the genotypes. The highest mean values for fertility percentage, panicle weight and 1000 grain wt. but early flowering and short maturing genotypes were grouped into Cluster II followed by Cluster III and IV indicating that the genotypes have genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 89-96

scholarly journals Broad-sense Heritability Estimates of Turfgrass Performance Characteristics in Native Prairie Junegrass Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Clark ◽  
Eric Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Lateral Spread ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Crown Density ◽  
Koeleria Macrantha ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Positive Correlations

Prairie junegrass [Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Shultes] is a perennial, short-grass prairie species distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere that is being evaluated for use as a low-input turf. In June 2007, 300 genotypes representing collection locations derived from Colorado, Nebraska, and Minnesota germplasm were grown and evaluated 3 years for turfgrass performance characteristics in a randomized complete block design with five clonal replications at two locations (St. Paul, MN, and Becker, MN). After establishment, plots received no supplemental irrigation or fertility and were mowed weekly to a height of 6.4 cm. Broad-sense heritability estimates were calculated on a clonal mean (Hc) and single-plant (Hsp) basis for turf quality (Hc = 0.62, Hsp = 0.13), crown density (Hc = 0.55, Hsp = 0.09), mowing quality (Hc = 0.59, Hsp = 0.09), and genetic color (Hc = 0.45, Hsp = 0.06). The heritability estimates indicate that selection for these traits should result in significant gains in germplasm improvement. Differences were observed in the means and variances among clones, collection locations, and/or collection regions for many of the traits evaluated including rust severity (Puccinia spp.), spring green-up, plant height, lateral spread, vertical regrowth, and flowering traits. The positive correlations among some of these traits and those with moderate heritability estimates should allow for multi-trait selection in cultivar development.

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