scholarly journals Hepatobiliary cystadenomas

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
JML Williamson ◽  
JR Rees ◽  
I Pope ◽  
A Strickland
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Early Referral ◽  
Hepatobiliary Cystadenoma ◽  
Preoperative Ultrasonography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Parenchyma Sparing ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Ct And Mri

Introduction Hepatobiliary cystadenomas are rare cystic tumours that can arise from any portion of the biliary tract but most commonly develop intrahepatically. They typically cause non-specific symptoms and are often detected incidentally. Cystadenomas can be mistaken for simple hepatic cysts on radiological imaging, which leads to inadequate treatment. Hepatobiliary cystadenomas have a malignant predisposition and a high recurrence rate. Complete excision including hepatic resection is therefore generally recommended. Methods Three cases of hepatobiliary cystadenoma were identified at one unit over a six-month period. Their clinical details and management are reported. Results Three female patients are described aged 25, 37 and 73 years. One patient presented because of recurrent infection, one presented because of pressure related symptoms and one lesion was identified incidentally. All patients were investigated by ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT), two additionally had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and one had a liver biopsy. The tumours were 4–16cm in size and all lesions were excised by non-anatomical, parenchyma sparing resections. Histology revealed mixed epithelium with underlying ovarian-like stroma. Conclusions The management of hepatic cystadenomas as well as operative and pathological findings are discussed. Preoperative ultrasonography, CT and MRI is recommended, and early referral for specialist hepatobiliary review is advised. Operative resection is also recommended and complete excision was achieved in these cases. This strategy is supported by the current literature and recurrence has been shown to be unlikely.

CT and MRI imaging of glomus tumors of the temporal bone

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
E. A. Stepanova ◽  
М. V. Vishnyakova ◽  
V. I. Sambulov ◽  
I. Т. Mukhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Tomography ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Glomus Tumors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Temporal Bone Tumor ◽  
Ct And Mri

Glomus tumor is one of the most common temporal bone tumors. Most of them are benign and locally invasive, some are occasionally able to metastasize and have signs of malignancy. Diagnostic imaging is necessary before treatment. Computer tomography (CT) is traditionally used as a primary method of diagnosis, to recognize changes in the temporal bone. Role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporal bone tumor diagnosis is not definitively determined.Purpose. To assess the possibilities of computer and magnetic resonance tomography, to develop an algorithm for the application of diagnostic imaging methods in the diagnosis of glomus tumors of the temporal bone.Material and methods. The article presents the experience of diagnosing 30 patients with glomus tumors.Results. The tympanic form of the glomus tumor was observed in 11 cases (37%), tympano-yugular in 19 cases (63%). CT and MRI data totally coincided in cases of small tumors (type A and B). In the presence of extended forms CT ability of assessing bone invasion, involvement of the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and dural sinuses was lower than the MRI.

scholarly journals A deep learning method for automatic segmentation of the bony orbit in MRI and CT images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Hamwood ◽  
Beat Schmutz ◽  
Michael J. Collins ◽  
Mark C. Allenby ◽  
David Alonso-Caneiro
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Human Observer ◽  
In Series ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Orbital Region ◽  
Ct And Mri

AbstractThis paper proposes a fully automatic method to segment the inner boundary of the bony orbit in two different image modalities: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). The method, based on a deep learning architecture, uses two fully convolutional neural networks in series followed by a graph-search method to generate a boundary for the orbit. When compared to human performance for segmentation of both CT and MRI data, the proposed method achieves high Dice coefficients on both orbit and background, with scores of 0.813 and 0.975 in CT images and 0.930 and 0.995 in MRI images, showing a high degree of agreement with a manual segmentation by a human expert. Given the volumetric characteristics of these imaging modalities and the complexity and time-consuming nature of the segmentation of the orbital region in the human skull, it is often impractical to manually segment these images. Thus, the proposed method provides a valid clinical and research tool that performs similarly to the human observer.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional analysis of follow-up chest MRI and chest CT scans in patients previously affected by COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Pecoraro ◽  
Stefano Cipollari ◽  
Livia Marchitelli ◽  
Emanuele Messina ◽  
Maurizio Del Monte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Interlobular Septal Thickening

Abstract Purpose The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the agreement between chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) and to assess the diagnostic performance of chest MRI relative to that of CT during the follow-up of patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019. Materials and methods Fifty-two patients underwent both follow-up chest CT and MRI scans, evaluated for ground-glass opacities (GGOs), consolidation, interlobular septal thickening, fibrosis, pleural indentation, vessel enlargement, bronchiolar ectasia, and changes compared to prior CT scans. DWI/ADC was evaluated for signal abnormalities suspicious for inflammation. Agreement between CT and MRI was assessed with Cohen’s k and weighted k. Measures of diagnostic accuracy of MRI were calculated. Results The agreement between CT and MRI was almost perfect for consolidation (k = 1.00) and change from prior CT (k = 0.857); substantial for predominant pattern (k = 0.764) and interlobular septal thickening (k = 0.734); and poor for GGOs (k = 0.339), fibrosis (k = 0.224), pleural indentation (k = 0.231), and vessel enlargement (k = 0.339). Meanwhile, the sensitivity of MRI was high for GGOs (1.00), interlobular septal thickening (1.00), and consolidation (1.00) but poor for fibrotic changes (0.18), pleural indentation (0.23), and vessel enlargement (0.50) and the specificity was overall high. DWI was positive in 46.0% of cases. Conclusions The agreement between MRI and CT was overall good. MRI was very sensitive for GGOs, consolidation and interlobular septal thickening and overall specific for most findings. DWI could be a reputable imaging biomarker of inflammatory activity.

Branchial cleft and pouch anomalies

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Ford ◽  
A. Balakrishnan ◽  
J. N. G. Evans ◽  
C. M. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Branchial Cleft Anomalies ◽  
Branchial Cleft ◽  
Sick Children

AbstractWe present a retrospective study of 106 patients with branchial cleft and pouch anomalies who presented to the Hospital for Sick Children between 1948 and 1990. The relevant embryology of the branchial apparatus is summarized and a theoretical description of individual anomalies given.Second branchial cleft sinuses were the most common anomalies, and the majority were managed simply, with adequate excision and a low recurrence rate. Five cases of first branchial cleft anomalies are presented, emphasizing the delay in diagnosis, the need for complete excision to prevent recurrence, and for a parotidectomy incision to protect the facial nerve from damage. The two third branchial pouch anomalies presented with a cystic neck swelling, one with recurrent infection and discharge, and the other with stridor. In both, the diagnosis was made at operation. The single fourth branchial pouch cyst was an unexpected finding in a patient with stridor.

Bone-related disorders of the jaw: A clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092199896
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Lesion Extension ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ct And Mri

Bone-related disorders of the jaw (BRDJ) include a spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the maxillofacial region that have been recently classified into fibro-osseous lesions, giant cell lesions and osseous tumours. The histopathological features of BRDJ can be similar and overlie each other. Imaging is important in order to reach a specific diagnosis. However, the appearance of BRDJ on imaging is non-specific in some cases. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used for accurate localisation, characterisation of the tumour matrix, delineation of the lesion extension and establishment of the relation of BRDJ to the surrounding structures. Imaging is usually done to detect the relationship with the adjacent surrounding vital structures and to diagnose aggressive forms, malignant transformation and associated syndromes. The correlation of the demographic findings, the location and the clinical presentations with the imaging features are important for the diagnosis of BRDJ. The proposed clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm with CT and MRI helps a specific diagnosis to be reached in some cases.

Can Medial Temporal Impairment Be an Imaging Red Flag for Neurodegeneration in Disproportionately Enlarged Subarachnoid Space Hydrocephalus?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Keita Sakurai ◽  
Daita Kaneda ◽  
Yuto Uchida ◽  
Shohei Inui ◽  
Masahiko Bundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Temporal Horn ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Argyrophilic Grain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Cerebral Infarctions

Background: The differentiation of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) from neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is often challenging because of their non-specific symptoms. Therefore, various neuroradiological markers other than ventriculomegaly have been proposed. Despite the utility of disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH) for the appropriate selection of shunt surgery candidates, the specificity and neuropathology of this finding have not been sufficiently evaluated. Objective: Investigation of the clinicopathological features and comparison of the neuroradiological findings between DESH with postmortem neuropathological diagnoses (pDESH) and clinically-diagnosed iNPH (ciNPH) patients are the main purposes of this study. Method: In addition to the retrospective evaluation of clinicopathological information, quantitative, semiquantitative, and qualitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices were compared between pathologically-investigated 10 patients with pDESH and 10 patients with ciNPH Results: Excluding one patient with multiple cerebral infarctions, the postmortem neuropathological diagnoses of the pathologically-investigated patients were mainly neurodegenerative diseases (five AD, one DLB with AD pathologies, one DLB, one argyrophilic grain disease, and one Huntington’s disease). In addition to the common neuroradiological features Conclusion: Hippocampal atrophy and deformation with temporal horn enlargement seem to be characteristic neuroradiological findings of long-standing severely demented patients with DESH and neurodegenerative diseases, mainly advanced-stage AD.

scholarly journals Nonconventional Options for Tumor Localization in Breast and Axillary Lymph Nodes: A Pictorial How-To

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naziya Samreen ◽  
Christine U Lee ◽  
Asha A Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Breast Lesion ◽  
Preoperative Localization ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Node Localization ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lesion Localization ◽  
Ct And Mri ◽  
Breast Malignancies

Preoperative localization of breast malignancies using traditional ultrasound and digital techniques can be challenging, particularly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy when the target is not conspicuous. The purpose of this paper is to pictorially present nontraditional techniques that have been helpful in preoperative localization before surgery. We will discuss techniques for breast lesion localization using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as axillary lymph node localization using tomosynthesis, CT, and MRI.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Monitoring of Descending Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Sawada ◽  
Michael K. Franklin ◽  
Jessica J. Moorleghen ◽  
Deborah A. Howatt ◽  
Masayoshi Kukida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Diseases ◽  
Dorsal Approach ◽  
In Vivo Monitoring ◽  
Ultrasound Monitoring ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasonography ◽  
Ct And Mri

Several modalities, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound, are available to visualize mouse aortas.1-3 CT and MRI enable us to obtain reliable images of the aorta and its branches. However, CT requires vascular contrast and MRI is procedurally complex. Thus, these modalities are used only occasionally for in vivo monitoring of mouse studies. High frequency ultrasonography is a common approach for aortic monitoring in mice.4 The standard ultrasound approach using a para-sternal view can visualize the aortic root, ascending aorta, and aortic arch, while this approach cannot visualize the descending region due to the presence of lungs and ribs. Therefore, the ability to perform in vivo monitoring of descending aortic diseases in mice has been an impediment. This study reports a para-spinal dorsal approach for ultrasound imaging of mouse descending aortas.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Embolism Originating from a Hepatic Hydatid Cyst Ruptured into the Inferior Vena Cava: CT and MRI Findings

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necdet Poyraz ◽  
Soner Demirbaş ◽  
Celalettin Korkmaz ◽  
Kürşat Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Liver Cyst ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct And Mri

Pulmonary embolism due to hydatid cysts is a very rare clinical entity. Hydatid pulmonary embolism can be distinguished from other causes of pulmonary embolism with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI especially displays the cystic nature of lesions better than CECT. Here we report a 45-year-old male patient with the pulmonary embolism due to ruptured hydatid liver cyst into the inferior vena cava.

The Reliability of Measuring Early Brain Edema with Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Fan ◽  
Mi Shen ◽  
Xin-Xin Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yuan Liu ◽  
Yu-Ming Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ct And Mri

Background: Postoperative brain edema is a common complication in patients with high-grade glioma after craniotomy. Both computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are applied to diagnose brain edema. Usually, MRI is considered to be better than CT for identifying brain edema. However, MRI is not generally applied in diagnosing acute cerebral edema in the early postoperative stage. Whether CT is reliable in detecting postoperative brain edema in the early stage is unknown. Objective: To investigate the agreement and correlation between CT and MRI for measuring early postoperative brain edema. Methods: Patients with high-grade glioma who underwent craniotomy in Beijing Tiantan hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The region of interest and operative cavity were manually outlined, and the volume of postoperative brain edema was measured on CT and MRI. Pearson correlation testing and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the association and agreement between CT and MRI for detecting the volume of postoperative brain edema. Results: Twenty patients were included in this study. The interrater agreement was perfect for detecting brain edema (CT: κ=1, ICC=0.977, P<0.001; MRI: κ=0.866, ICC=0.963, P<0.001). A significant positive correlation and excellent consistency between CT and MRI were found for measuring the volume of brain edema (rater 1: r=0.97, ICC=0.934, P<0.001; rater 2: r=0.97, ICC=0.957, P<0.001). Conclusion: Substantial comparability between CT and MRI is demonstrated for detecting postoperative brain edema. It is reliable to use CT for measuring brain edema volume in the early stage after surgery.

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