scholarly journals Spontanschreibung im Chat

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Burri
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Spontaneous Writing

In this article spontaneous writing in chat communication is analyzed in two aspects. On one hand, the spelling forms found here show some language change tendencies in the German spoken language. On the other hand, the article tries to describe on which writing conventions these spontaneous spellings are based.

Isoglosses and language change: Evidence of the rise and loss of isoglosses from a comparison of early Greek and early English

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-575
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Lavidas
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Causative Constructions ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Structural Ambiguity ◽  
Early English ◽  
Aspectual Verbs

Abstract We analyze the rise and loss of isoglosses in two Indo-European languages, early Greek and early English, which, however, show considerable distance between their structures in many other domains. We follow Keidan’s approach (2013), that has drawn the attention on the fact that the study of isoglosses (i.e., linguistic features common to two or more languages) is connected with common innovations of particular languages after the split into sub-groups of Indo-European: this type of approach aims at collecting isoglosses that appear across the branches of Indo-European. We examine the rise of the isogloss of labile verbs and the loss of the isogloss of the two classes of aspectual verbs in early Greek and early English. Our study shows that the rise of labile verbs in both languages is related to the innovative use of intransitives in causative constructions. On the other hand, the innovations in voice morphology follow different directions in Greek and English and are unrelated to the rise of labile verbs. In contrast to labile verbs, which are still predominant for causative-anticausative constructions in both languages, the two classes of aspectual verbs are lost in the later stages of Greek but are predominant even in Present-day English. Again, a “prerequisite” change for the isogloss can be easily located in a structural ambiguity that is relevant for aspectual verbs in early Greek and early English. However, another independent development, the changes in verbal complementation (the development of infinitival and participial complements) in Greek and English, determined the loss of this isogloss.

scholarly journals Sprachgeographische Aspekte der Morphologie und Verschriftung in schweizerdeutschen Chats

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Siebenhaar
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Chat Rooms ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Identical Distribution ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Traditional Structure ◽  
Spontaneous Writing ◽  
German Speaking

The regional chat-rooms in Switzerland show an extremely high portion of dialectal contributions (up to 90%). This non-standardized spontaneous writing of a dialectal language still reflects the geolinguistic distribution described in the linguistic atlas of German speaking Switzerland SDS (1962-1997) based on recordings of the 1940s and 1950s. This paper shows some reflexes of this geolinguistic distribution in four chat-rooms. The graphemic representation of the ending vowel of infinitives clearly confirms the traditional structure. Deviating e-graphemes in chat-rooms of alpine regions can be rated as common Swiss German variants for centralized vowels. On the other hand ä-graphemes in chat-rooms of the Swiss midlands are to be rated as marking of the phonetic deviation from the standard German pronunciation. This variation is not only found in inherited words, but also in neologisms with an almost identical distribution. The SDS illustrates a distribution for the use of t-endings in the 2nd and 3rd singular of sein 'to be'. These t-flexives cannot be found anymore in midland chat-rooms. They appear only in alpine chat-rooms, and there they become morphologized in a new way. The dialectal writing of neologisms confirms the validity of the principles for the Standard German writing.

scholarly journals Pronominale demonstrativer: nye perspektiver fra norsk og svensk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-224
Author(s):  
Kari Kinn ◽  
Ida Larsson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
The Way

This paper is concerned with pronominal demonstatives (referred to as psychologically distal demonstratives by Johannessen 2008a, b) in older Norwegian spoken language, and written Swedish from the 19th century and the present-day. We show that pronominal demonstratives can be attested in speakers born in different parts of Norway in the 19th century, and in Swedish texts from the same period. However, the pronominal forms do not seem to be used in precisely the same way in the two languages. In Swedish, han/hon ‘he/she’ do not seem to behave formally like demonstratives. Instead, we propose that they are syntactically reduced pronouns at the edge of the DP, above the position for demonstratives, and that they double features lower down in the noun phrase. In Norwegian, on the other hand, han/hun are used as demonstratives already in the 19th century, in the way described for present-day Norwegian by Johannessen (2008a, b).

Składniowa „mówioność” w powieści Doroty Masłowskiej „Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 153-167
Author(s):  
Magdalena Nowakowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Literary Characters ◽  
The One ◽  
Colloquial Style

Syntactic treatments, which imitate spoken language, are crucial determinants of the colloquial style, alongside lexis. Responsible for the impression of interacting or communing with the spontaneously created text, which is a record of the living language of the narrator and characters, they are concerned with numerous simplifications and schemes. Among many diversified linguistic phenomena found in the novel by D. Masłowska, entitled “Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty” (English title: “Honey, I killed our cats”, seemingly contradictory syntactic tendencies are used; the elliptical nature of syntax on the one hand, and, on the other hand, numerous repetitions both with regards to lexis and the construction of sentences. The segmentation or breaking up of utterances, as well as their excessive expansions, is similarly contradictory. Drawing from the spoken language aims to connect the at times unreal word depicted in the novel with the reality of the recipient, and to present the literary characters in a reliable way, more often than not associated with ordinariness.

scholarly journals DUNSO ŠKOTO MINČIŲ ATGARSIAI WITTGENSTEINO ETIKOJE

Problemos ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Albinas Plėšnys
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Duns Scotus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Will ◽  
Good And Evil

Straipsnyje analizuojamos Wittgensteino etinės pažiūros, pateiktos jo veikale „Tractatus Lo­gico-Philosophicus“ ir „Lecture on Ethics“. Juose Wittgensteinas tvirtina, kad etikos dalykai nepriklauso faktų sričiai. Todėl negali būti jokių etikos teiginių ir etika negali būti išreikšta. Wittgensteinas buvo vie­nas iš analitinės filosofijos kūrėjų ir etikos problemas svarsto būdu, kuris vėliau tapo įprastas šios filoso­fijos atstovams. Jis analizuoja, kaip kalboje funkcionuoja etikai būdingos sąvokos, ir tuo grindžia savo išvadas. Klasikinėje tradicijoje etinių sąvokų funkcionavimo ypatumai buvo aiškinami remiantis proto ir valios santykiu. Wittgensteinas etiką irgi sieja su valios subjektu, laikydamasis tam tikros proto ir valios santykio sampratos. Mūsų nuomone, ji labiausiai artima Dunso Škoto pasiūlytai proto ir valios santykio interpretacijai. Tačiau ne ja Wittgensteinas grindžia savo išvadą apie tai, kad etika neišreiškiama.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: absoliučios vertybės, etika, faktai, valios subjektas, santykinės vertybės.Ripples of Duns Scotus’ Thinking in Wittgenstein’s EthicsAlbinas Plėšnys   Abstract The paper deals with Wittgenstein’s interpretation of ethics which was given in his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and in his Lecture on Ethics. He asserts that there are no propositions which we would call ethical propositions and that statements of facts can express nothing ethical. It is clear for him that ethics cannot be expressed. Wittgenstein was a pioneer in the field of analytic philosophy and he considered ethical questions in the manner of thought typical for its protagonists. He analyses the working of ethical conceptions in spoken language and draws the conclusions on this basis. On the other hand, in the classical tradition the peculiarity of ethical concepts had been founded on the relations of subject’s mind and volition. Wittgenstein linked ethics with the willing subject too. What is good and evil is essentially the I, not the world, says he. We think Wittgenstein’s opinion is closest to Duns Scotus’ understanding of the relation of mind and will. On the other hand, Wittgenstein argues the conclusion that ethics is inexpressible without appealing on mind and will relation.Keywords: absolute values, ethics, facts, subject of the will, relative values.

Subjectivity, intersubjectivity and non-subjectivity across spoken language genres

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara De Cock
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Language ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Various authors have pointed out a relationship between (inter)subjectivity and spoken language. This article looks into the relationship between subjectivity, intersubjectivity, non-subjectivity and spoken discourse genres in a more detailed way. On the basis of a quantitative and qualitative corpus analysis of informal conversation, TV-debates and parliamentary debates, this article offers a detailed operationalization of the concepts of subjectivity, intersubjectivity and non-subjectivity, and shows that they may be expressed not only in person deixis (which is typically associated with these phenomena) but also in impersonal strategies. On the other hand, the analysis of three spoken discourse genres shows that these concepts contribute to establishing a more detailed genre typology. Moreover, they allow for describing more accurately the usage pattern of specific deictic and impersonal strategies.

scholarly journals Das Präteritum im Alemannischen Südwestdeutschlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Leonhard
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Language Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terminal Point ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Semantic Value

Zusammenfassung This paper analyses the increase in the use of the preterite in spoken Alemannic in south-western Germany. There are almost no recent studies that explore the preterite in Upper German because of the widespread hypothesis that there is no preterite in Upper German (except for the verb sein ‘to be’) due to the loss of the preterite in Upper German (Oberdeutscher Präteritumschwund). In contrast to this, I account for a language change in the timespan from 1974 to 2013 in which the preterite becomes more frequent in relation to the perfect and is now part of the spoken Alemannic in south-western Germany. To account for this, I use a combination of a real time and an apparent time analysis. Additionally, all verbs forming a preterite have a specific semantic value, i. e. an inherent meaning of state. This means they are durative (=the situation lasts for a certain period of time), atelic (=the situation has no terminal point at which the situation is complete) and non-dynamic (=the situation involves no change). Perfect forms on the other hand do not have this specific semantic value.

Julius Meier-Graefe und die plurale Logik der Bilder

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Marchal
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Body Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Modern Experience ◽  
The One

Für den Kunstkritiker Julius Meier-Graefe (1867-1935) haben Bilder eine ganz eigene Logik, die sich nicht in Sprache übersetzen lässt. Ausgehend von dieser Prämisse denkt Meier-Graefe die Kunstgeschichte als interpiktoriales, sich selbst regulierendes Geflecht und bedient sich zur Vermittlung von Bildern selbst auf gleich zweifache Weise einer bemerkenswerten Bildlichkeit – sei es qua Plädoyer für oder Einsatz von Reproduktionen, sei es qua einer der ikonischen entsprechen- den somatischen Deixis: Indem er sich selbst in seiner physischen Reaktion auf ein Werk(erlebnis) Tableauartig in Szene setzt, kehrt er die Wirksamkeit von Bildgefügen hervor, macht sie visuell nachvollziehbar und aktualisiert deren Potential. Diesen Vorstellungen und Vorgehensweisen liegt, so die These des Beitrags, die Erfahrung musealer Präsentation und Rezeption zugrunde. Entwickelt wird eine »praktische Ästhetik«, die auch für aktuelle Interpiktorialitätsdebatten diskussionswürdige Ansätze bereithält. <br><br>In the opinion of the art critic Julius Meier-Graefe (1867-1935), pictures have a specific logic which is impossible to translate into spoken language. Given this premise, Meier-Graefe develops a specific theory of how art history constructs itself as an interpictorial, self-regulated reference system. Furthermore, in order to convey works of art, he operates with pictures and images in a remarkable way: on the one hand, he makes specific use of reproductions, on the other hand, he communicates via body language that parallels the iconic deixis: By describing and presenting himself in his texts in the physical act of perception and/or reception, he turns himself into a tableau and makes the effect as well as the potential of the artwork visible. The basis of these ideas and methods seems to be the modern experience of museum presentation and reception. Meier-Graefe develops a kind of “practical aesthetic” which can enrich the current debates on interpictoriality.

Die ursprünglichen fragestellungen hinter August schleichers Stammbaum-Theorie und Johannes Schmidts Wellen-Metapher

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen van Pottelberge
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hierarchical Classes ◽  
Genealogical Tree ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
Wave Image ◽  
The One

Summary August Schleicher’s genealogical tree (Stammbaum) and Johannes Schmidt’s wave metaphor (Welle) are very well known linguistic concepts. At the same time there has been a widespread misunderstanding about their original meaning and the questions they were intended to deal with. Both were originally classificatory concepts, not models of language change. Schleicher, on the one hand, introduced the Stammbaum by transforming hierarchical classes of Indo-European languages into successive historical stages. Schmidt, on the other hand, rejected the idea of subgrouping Indo-European languages as required by Schleicher’s Stammbaum. Instead, he assumed an original continuum of languages. He described this continuum metaphorically in terms of concentric ‘waves’. The interpretation of the wave image as a metaphor for the geographical spread of linguistic innovations (as has become common) is the result of later adaptations in dialectology.

On contact-induced grammaticalization

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Heine ◽  
Tania Kuteva
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Conceptual Transfer ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
Exclusive Processes

Grammaticalization is based on universal strategies of conceptual transfer. Contact-induced language change on the other hand is an areally confined process resulting from specific historical events. What this suggests is that the two constitute quite divergent phenomena and, in fact, in the relevant literature they tend to be described as mutually exclusive processes. Accordingly, this literature abounds with discussions on whether some specific grammatical change is due to the former or the latter. The position taken in this paper is that the two are in no way mutually exclusive; rather, perhaps more often than not, they jointly conspire in triggering grammatical change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document