scholarly journals Attitudes towards refugees and Muslim immigrants in Iceland: The perceived link to terrorism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-242
Author(s):  
Margrét Valdimarsdóttir ◽  
Guðbjörg Andrea Jónsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Muslim Immigrants ◽  
Muslim Majority

In the past few years, millions have been forced to leave their homes seeking refuge in other countries, most displaced from Muslim majority countries. The inflow of refugees and recent terrorist attacks in Europe may have reinforced prejudice against Muslim immigrants in Europe. Research on these issues is almost non-existent in Iceland. Using a random sample of 3.360 individuals in late 2019 and a survey-based experimental design, we address several questions related to attitudes towards Muslim immigrants and refugees in Iceland. Our results indicate that just over half of the population is willing to accept more refugees than is currently done and does not want to limit the proportion of Muslims among them. Notwithstanding, about 44% of the public believe that the risk of terrorism will increase if Iceland accepts more immigrants from Muslim majority countries. Political orientation and education are associated with attitudes toward refugees, an association that is partly mediated through stereotypes of Muslims as a security threat. The findings also show that people who are informed that research finds no link between the number of Muslim immigrants and the risk of terrorism are less likely to stereotype Muslim immigrants as a security threat than people who get no such information. This type of information has similar effects on people irrespective of their political orientation. Consequently, the current study does not support the proposition that right-leaning individuals in Iceland are more distrustful of scientific information than those on the left. The effects are, however, significantly contingent on education.

scholarly journals Teaching Science in Today’s Society: The Case of Particle Physics for Primary Schools

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Cristina Lazzeroni ◽  
Sandra Malvezzi ◽  
Andrea Quadri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ongoing Project

The rapid changes in science and technology witnessed in recent decades have significantly contributed to the arousal of the awareness by decision-makers and the public as a whole of the need to strengthen the connection between outreach activities of universities and research institutes and the activities of educational institutions, with a central role played by schools. While the relevance of the problem is nowadays unquestioned, no unique and fully satisfactory solution has been identified. In the present paper we would like to contribute to the discussion on the subject by reporting on an ongoing project aimed to teach Particle Physics in primary schools. We will start from the past and currently planned activities in this project in order to establish a broader framework to describe the conditions for the fruitful interplay between researchers and teachers. We will also emphasize some aspects related to the dissemination of outreach materials by research institutions, in order to promote the access and distribution of scientific information in a way suited to the different age of the target students.

scholarly journals Decolonising Terrorism Journals

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ilyas Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
University Curricula ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
The University ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Decolonisation of knowledge over the past few years has gained much traction among scholars and students in many countries. This situation has led to calls for the decolonisation of knowledge, academia, the university, and university curricula. That said, the knowledge production side of the terrorism industry, which sits inside academia, so far has escaped calls to decolonise. This situation is somewhat surprising because the terrorism industry has had a tremendous impact on many countries, especially Muslim majority ones. The 9/11 terrorist attacks have resulted in a tremendous amount of knowledge being produced and published on terrorism and counterterrorism. However, little is known about “who is publishing on terrorism and where they are based”. To this end, this paper adopts a decolonial approach and addresses the questions of “who is publishing on terrorism and where they are based” by analysing seven terrorism journals. It argues that most of the publications and knowledge on terrorism in the seven terrorism journals are produced by scholars with Western heritage and are based at Western institutions, which is connected to the coloniality of knowledge.

Terrorist threat in Poland – the assessment of the phenomenon and the measures of counteracting attacks in 2010–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (34) ◽  
pp. 9-46
Author(s):  
Jerzy Gąsiorowski
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Substantive Law

Modern terrorism is often associated with Middle East Islamic fundamentalists. This association is a result of violent terrorist attacks that have been carried out in the past few years, in various forms and according to diverse methods. As a consequence, terrorism started to be perceived as a serious problem by the public. It is also the case in Poland, where real terrorist threats occur. The paper presents a multi-faceted assessment, with respect to substantive law and statistics, of the level of terrorist threats in Poland in the years 2010–2016, regarding specific threats as well as the response of special services. The results show that the level of terrorist threat in Poland is not high, even though terrorism encompasses a whole range of crimes penalised in many legal statutes. The high efficiency of Polish special services and the Polish police in this field results from them using in an effective way legally allowed measures of counteracting terrorism.

`MegaLab UK': participatory science and the mass media

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Scientific Enterprise ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Participatory Science ◽  
The Press ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Scientific Value

For the past two years, the `MegaLab UK' initiative has carried out huge participatory science demonstrations on national television, radio and in newspapers. This paper outlines the methods and results of two MegaLab experiments. The first of these examined whether the public were better able to detect lies on television, on the radio or in the press. A second experiment examined whether first or last impressions were more important in an interview broadcast on television and printed in a national newspaper. These demonstrations helped to communicate the basic building blocks of experimental design and conveyed the feeling of excitement associated with the scientific enterprise. In addition, scientists can rarely carry out experiments with such large cross-sections of the populations and actual media, so the results have real scientific value.

scholarly journals Refugees as scapegoat for terrorism

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimet Özbek
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Status ◽  
Muslim Majority

In the last five years, there has been a growing concern about the fact that there might be some terrorist mix in the surge of refugees fleeing war-torn Muslim-majority countries. The concern resulted in people rethinking about refugees are granted asylums. Some Europeans call for their governments to quit bringing to their countries any more refugees at all. This however goes against what these countries agreed and signed in the 1951 Convention and the 1967 United Nations Protocol concerning the status of refugees. In this article, it will be examined if it is true that migrants bring terrorists with them, how this proposition itself came to be, and whether or not there are rock solid data to support it. As it will be discovered in the following paragraphs, there is no direct correlation between refugees and terrorist activities that take place in different places which happen to be hosting refugees. Instead, the idea security threat in refugee host countries and migrants they accommodate roots from attitude the people in those countries have towards migrants, demographic differences as well as real world issues. The solution to this misconception requires both refugees and receiving nations to collaborate; such as the refugees helping authorities to identify any terrorist recruiter who may be lurking among them and on the other hand the authorities should devise a seamless system of border control in order to know who enters their countries and who leaves. They can also engage in activities helping the public to distinguish between terrorists and migrants by raising awareness.

PRIMUM NON NOCERE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-515
Author(s):  
NORMAN KRETCHMER
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past

IN THE PAST few months many words have been written concerning the hazard of indiscriminate administration of drugs to pregnant women and infants. This concern has simmered in the minds of pediatricians and obstetricians for some time. It is tragic that the impulse to do something constructive emerged only after an international disaster. This Commentary is not directed solely to the specific problem of thalidomide, for Taussig, elsewhere and in this issue, and other authors have ably reviewed the tragedy in light of scientific information. I wish to stress some of the biologic aspects of administering drugs during pregnancy and infancy, and more particularly the responsibility of the physician to be informed so that he will be able to protect the health of the public.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Image-Based Sexual Abuse Among the American Public

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Call
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Parental Status ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Image Based Sexual Abuse

Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) involves the sharing or distribution of erotic material without the consent of the subject in the material. A common scenario of IBSA revolves around an individual sharing erotic material of their former intimate partner following the dissolution of the relationship in order to humiliate or harass that former partner for a perceived wrongdoing. This scenario has caused IBSA to be referred to as “revenge porn” in the past, but that phrase does not capture the full breadth of IBSA behaviors and motivations. IBSA is a relatively new phenomenon, having emerged in the last decade, and few studies have examined public perceptions of the activity. In the present study, the attitudes of a national sample (_n_ = 1,023) of Americans were examined on IBSA-related issues. Results of this study showed that the general public largely disapproves of IBSA and supports its criminalization; however, the public also attributes blame to the victims of IBSA. Several factors influence these perceptions including sex, race, age, parental status, political orientation, and sexting history.

scholarly journals Satisfaction, quality and loyalty of public services

Yotantsipanko ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Nilza Borda Luna
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Pareto Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Entity

The objective of the research was to determine the incidence of satisfaction and quality in the loyalty of external users. The loyalty of users or customers are fundamental elements for the growth and development of organizations and that is influenced by various factors. After a focus group and through Pareto analysis, it was determined that the indicated variables are those with the greatest implication. For the research, a quantitative approach of non-experimental design was used, of explanatory scope with a random sample made up of 384 users of the public entity and whose results showed that the variables satisfaction and quality affect 72.9% on loyalty, through of the Cox and Snell model.

Citra Islam Moderat: Aksi Cyber PR dari PWNU Jawa Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-232
Author(s):  
Sam Abede Pareno ◽  
M Rif’an Arif
Keyword(s):  
Text Structure ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Religious traditions in Indonesia are known to be very moderate and tolerant abroad is a reflection of the character of a great noble nation. Between religion, tradition and culture are able to perform compounds so as to create a genuine religious harmony. Because of this reality Indonesia is regarded as the largest Muslim majority country in the world that almost without conflict, in the midst of reality Muslim countries in the Middle East that impressed the dispute into the daily menu. However, the reality of Indonesia as a moderate nation is injured by the act of a group that is fond of terrorism and radicalism by riding Islamic religious teachings. Thus, this reversed religion is assumed as a source of cruelty.   It is through that phenomenon researcher, feel the need to examine the strategy of disseminating moderate Islam by Nahdlatul Ulama. The selection of this Islamic organization according to the authors due to its success in moderating Islam in Indonesia. In this study, the study using a qualitative approach or method as well as adopting the theory of Van Dijk discourse analysis as a scalpel to peel the discourse of moderate Islam published by PWNU East Java through the website. As for this research, the findings are important, among others are: 1) moderate Islamic discourse campaigned by Nahdlatul Ulama East Java is categorized into three segments, namely social, religious and nationality. 2) the text structure that builds moderate Islamic discourse NU East Java in Van Dijk perspective constructed in three domains, namely text, social cognition and social context. 3) the principles of Public Relationship implemented by NU through cyber (online media), among others; News publications and expert opinions, production of image and video-based information, and updating official NU information to the public about their attitudes and views on the phenomena that occur by promoting the values of Islamic moderatism. Key Word : Islamic Moderatism, Nahdlatul Ulama, Cyber Public Relationship

The Suffering of the Perpetrators: The Ethics of Traumatic German Historicity in Karen Bass's Young Adult World War II Novels

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Doris Wolf
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adult World ◽  
The Public Sphere

This paper examines two young adult novels, Run Like Jäger (2008) and Summer of Fire (2009), by Canadian writer Karen Bass, which centre on the experiences of so-called ordinary German teenagers in World War II. Although guilt and perpetration are themes addressed in these books, their focus is primarily on the ways in which Germans suffered at the hands of the Allied forces. These books thus participate in the increasingly widespread but still controversial subject of the suffering of the perpetrators. Bringing work in childhood studies to bear on contemporary representations of German wartime suffering in the public sphere, I explore how Bass's novels, through the liminal figure of the adolescent, participate in a culture of self-victimisation that downplays guilt rather than more ethically contextualises suffering within guilt. These historical narratives are framed by contemporary narratives which centre on troubled teen protagonists who need the stories of the past for their own individualisation in the present. In their evacuation of crucial historical contexts, both Run Like Jäger and Summer of Fire support optimistic and gendered narratives of individualism that ultimately refuse complicated understandings of adolescent agency in the past or present.

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