The development and early operation of Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Anna Coleman ◽  
Imelda McDermott ◽  
Lynsey Warwick-Giles ◽  
Kath Checkland
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Local History ◽  
Early Operation ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Relationships ◽  
Team Engagement

Chapter 3 deals with the development and early operation of Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) of GPs. Building upon the context set out in chapter 2, we examine the factors affecting early CCG development, highlighting the complexity of their governance structures, approaches taken to engaging with their members and the development of external relationships with a wide range of new bodies. We found an explicitly ‘bottom up’ approach to policy implementation, with CCGs given considerable lee-way in developing their structures and processes. As a result, the history of previous commissioning structures and arrangements played an important role in the development of each CCG, as did the approach taken by local leaders and by the PCT/ developing NHS England local team. Engagement with local bodies such as Health and Wellbeing Boards and Local Authorities were also significantly affected by local history and geography. We found that the approach taken by NHS England to CCG development, with early freedom to develop as they chose increasingly curtailed by more prescriptive guidance and a complex assurance regime, led to some frustrations for those involved.

The Antonov rebel detachments in the territory of the Balashov uyezd of the Saratov gubernia (1920–1921)

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Lyovin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local History ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The Civil War is one of the largest tragedies in the history of our country. One of its dramatic episodes is the rebel movement led by A.S. Antonov which took place in the Tambov gubenia in 1920–1921 and was brutally suppressed by the Bolsheviks. Its scope is evidenced by the fact that it went beyond the borders of the Tambov gubernia. Separate detachments of Antonovites from the autumn of 1920 to the summer of 1921 raided the territory of the Balashov uyezd of the neighboring Saratov gubernia. The paper attempts to consider the way the uyezd authorities fought the rebels and the way civilians treated them. On the basis of an analysis of the local archival material most of which has not yet been put into scientific circulation, periodicals and the local history literature the author comes to the following conclusion: every time the invasions of Antonov’s detachments into the territory of the Balashov uyezd were so rapid that the local authorities did not manage to organize a proper rebuff, and the peasants, for the most part, supported the rebels since they saw spokesmen and defenders of their interests in them. Only frequent requisitions of peasants’ property by Antonovites as well as the replacement of the surplus appropriation system (Prodrazvyorstka) by the tax in kind (Prodnalog) led to the fact that since the spring of 1921 the support of the rebels by the local population ceased.

ADZHIEL TRACT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LOCAL HISTORY OF THE CRIMEAN AZOV REGION: KEY RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Sergey V. YARTSEV ◽  
Viktor G. ZUBAREV ◽  
Sergey L. SMEKALOV
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
History Of

The object of the research is the peculiarities of the historical process on the Kerch Peninsula in the context of the local history of one of its regions. The authors conduct a detailed study of the most inhabited region of the Crimean Azov region – the Adzhiel tract, located in the western part of the peninsula to the territory adjacent to the Kazantip Bay. This gully, which goes in the north-western and south-eastern direction, fences off a significant part of the Kerch peninsula and represents one of the natural protective boundaries of the Eastern Crimea. The subject of research is to reconstruct the historical picture of the area, to define the main results and prospects for further research. Relying on a wide range of sources, primarily on the archaeological material of their own perennial excavations in the specified area, with the use of the source analysis method, the authors consider the known facts and events of the ancient history of the Kerch Peninsula in a new way. The methodological basis of the work is objectivity and historicism, which contributed to conducting of unbiased research. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time on a wide material, the stages of the historical development of one of the regions of the Kerch Peninsula were highlighted and the actual directions for further research in this area were identified. Due to the abundance of water and fertile soil, the Adzhiel tract was almost always inhabited by people. However, the most intense events occurred in the tract in the era of the Bosporus kingdom, when a system of defensive fortifications of the western borders of the state functioned here. Perhaps this system was more complicated than it previously seemed. This is indicated by the remains of another, previously unknown tower discovered by the authors in 2018. Thus, the authors conclude that the further prospects of research in the Adzhiel tract are connected both with the detailed reconstruction of the defence system of the Bosporus on the western frontiers of the state and also with the continuation of the study of Christian antiquities, including medieval time, and the religious life of the population of the Khazar Khaganate.

ERNST VALENTINOVICH TRUSKINOV (1941–2021)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU.V. UKHATOVA ◽  
◽  
I.V. KOTELKINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Local History ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The book is dedicated to the late Russian scientist Ernst Valentinovich Truskinov, Doctor of Biological Sciences (1941–2021), who would have celebrated his 80th birthday in 2021. Information about his life, research activities, and local history and community studies is presented here. Ernst Truskinov was an expert in the fields of potato breeding and seed production, biotechnology, and plant virology. In his late years, he was actively engaged in the problems of the history of science. This publication is addressed to a wide range of readers, such as biologists, lecturers and students of universities and colleges specializing in biology, agricultural sciences or liberal arts, as well as to everyone who is interested in the history of science.

scholarly journals Los Títulos De “Hijo Predilecto” E “Hijo Adoptivo”, La Historia Local De Las Provincias Andaluzas | The Titles Of "Hijo Predilecto" And "Hijo Adoptivo", The Local History Of Andalusian Provinces.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Margarita Parrilla ◽  
Marta Pulido Polo
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
New Model ◽  
History Of

La abundante literatura sobre protocolo que existe en España raramente se ha detenido a analizar la importancia que juegan los reglamentos de honores y distinciones de las Entidades Locales como la herramienta de transmisión de los valores constitucionales al conjunto de la ciudadanía. Buena prueba de ello son los galardonados con alguno de los premios, nombramientos o medallas con los que, a lo largo de la geografía andaluza, realizan las Diputaciones Provinciales de la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza. Personas, instituciones o empresas que ejemplifican el nuevo modelo de sociedad._______________________________The abundant literature on protocol that exists in Spain strange has stopped to analyse the importance of the regulations of honours and distinctions of the local authorities as the tool of transmission of the constitutional values to the society. An example of it are the accolades, prizes, appointments or medals that the County councils of the Autonomous Andalusia Community gives every year to people, institutions or companies that try to exemplify a new model of society. 

scholarly journals THE INFORMATION BASE OF SIBERIAN AND THE FAR EASTERN LIBRARIES’ LOCAL HISTORY ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
L. A. Mandrinina ◽  
V. V. Rykova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Local History ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Books ◽  
Far Eastern

The article provides a brief overview of library local lore activity with an emphasis on the local lore direction in book studies and bibliography of the Siberian- Far Eastern region; names organizations providing information support for local lore activities of libraries; lists local lore resources on the websites of regional libraries in Siberia and the Far East. Special attention is paid to the resources generated by the State Public Scientific Technological Library of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is the center for information support of local history research in Asian Russia, and obtains unique techniques to create regional databases, as well as highly qualified specialists. It presents a list of databases providing information support of theoretical and practical aspects of local history activity in the regional libraries. Authors give a detailed description of DB “Scientific Sibirika”, which includes regional material on a wide range of local history: history, ethnography, economy, nature and natural resources of certain territories of Siberia and the Far East, Arctic. It is shown that theoretical and methodological research in the field of library local history, individual persons, are presented in the “professional” DB “Librarianship and bibliography in Siberia and the Far East”, which has a special heading “Local lore activities of libraries in Siberia and the Far East”; the bibliologic direction of local lore is implemented in the bibliographic DB “History of books and book business in Siberia and the Far East”. The paper concludes about the importance of library local history in the library activities, and the need to attract information resources of large libraries for more complete implementation of local history research.

scholarly journals Prevalence and coincidence of hypertension and orthostatic hypotension in pre- and centenarians and their effect on mortality: preliminary results of Moscow centenarian study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
K. A. Eruslanova ◽  
L. V. Matchekhina ◽  
Y. V. Kotovskaya ◽  
N. K. Runikhina ◽  
O. N. Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective. To estimate the prevalence and impact on mortality of arterial hypertension (HTN) and orthostatic hypotension (OH) in centenarians (95 years and older) in Moscow.Design and methods. The study participants were 82 super-long-livers of Moscow city aged 95 years and older (minimum age of 95 years, maximum 105 years), who underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment at home by a multidisciplinary team (geriatrician, nurse and social worker). The following prospective observation lasted for three years (36 months).Results. Past medical history of HTN was noted in 78 %. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the supine position was 151 ± 27,9 mm Hg (100–216 mm Hg), and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 74 ± 12,8 mm Hg (44–197 mm Hg). OH was detected in 31 % of 61 long-livers who was able to perform an orthostatic test. The presence of OH was not associated with the higher intake of antihypertensive drugs. Within three years, 44 study participants died. The level of blood pressure (BP), history of HTN, and the presence of OH did not affect mortality (p > 0,05).Conclusions. Centenarians have a wide range of SBP and DBP, high prevalence of HTN and OH. BP level, presence of HTN and OH did not affect mortality over 3 year period. Further investigation is needed to understand better the health status of long-livers and factors affecting the prognosis.

scholarly journals Accessing Scottish Archives Online

Genealogy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
John Pelan
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Network Resource ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Item Level ◽  
The Many

John Pelan, Director of the Scottish Council on Archives (SCA), explores some of the challenges around searching Scotland’s archives online. Difficulties in accessing information, knowing what exists and where to find it, and the multiplicity of online catalogues can be confusing and frustrating for users, particularly inexperienced and amateur family historians. The article provides information about the Scottish Council on Archives (SCA) plans, working in partnership with a wide range of stakeholders, to create a new portal for accessing Scotland’s archive collections including those of universities, local authorities, businesses and communities. The portal, which will be a development of the existing Scottish Archive Network resource, will allow users to search across many catalogues for both collection and item level records. The new portal will be an invaluable resource for genealogists, researchers, academics, students, historians and members of the public by providing guidance on understanding, using and accessing archives. SCA expects that the site will become a powerful advocacy tool for archives, showing not just the breadth and depth of collections across Scotland but highlighting the many ways that archives can be used inform and improve society. For genealogists, but also for everyday users of archives as well as potential new users, this portal will open new channels of research and local history.

scholarly journals Enthusiastic Policy Implementation and its Aftermath: The Sudden Expansion and Contraction of China's Microfinance for Women Programme

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 506-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Deng ◽  
Kevin J. O'Brien ◽  
Jiajian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sudden Expansion ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Institutional Incentives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Officials

AbstractMany China scholars have explored shirking by local officials and “effective implementation,” but fewer have examined polices that are implemented with great enthusiasm. The Microfinance for Women Programme fits in this last category. Especially in Sichuan, targets for lending were set by the province, exceeded, raised by cities and counties, and then exceeded again. The immediate reason that lending took off in 2012 was the relaxation of collateral requirements that shifted the risk of defaults away from local authorities. But the surge in lending also had deeper roots in the policy's vagueness, institutional incentives, bureaucratic pressure, and local fiscal and organizational interests. Although enthusiastic implementation occurred (and generated much-needed revenues for local governments), the history of the programme also shows that it can be halted, as was the case when instability loomed and the authorities reversed bureaucratic pressure by calling for local cost-sharing and introducing uncertainty over whether interest subsidies would continue.

scholarly journals Library of the “Society for Mutual Assistance of Salesmen in Tomsk”: History and Key Performance Indicators (1894—1913)

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Yulija V. Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Local History ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Study of the history of particular libraries is the important trend of modern domestic and foreign research works, since it contributes to the solution of not only scientific, but also local history and education tasks. Due to the lack of complex research studies on the history of library of the “Society for Mutual Assistance of Salesmen in Tomsk”, this article for the first time considers in detail the activities of library for all twenty years — from its establishment to closure. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the history of the Society’s library, including its structure, collections, functioning and future destiny.The author collected the data from a wide range of historical sources: the Charter and reports of the Society for the entire period of its existence, anniversary historical essays summarizing the results of 10—20 years of its activity, the printed catalogue of the library, the pre-revolutionary magazine “Bibliotekar” [Librarian]. Information contained in one of them is confirmed directly or indirectly in the other. All this makes it possible to characterize the source base as sufficiently complete and representative.The principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency formed the methodological basis of the research. The article uses the methods of comparative analysis, statistical, chronological and source studies.The article reveals the dependence of the amount of allocations for the library on the financing of other activities of the Society. For the first time, the author compiled the rating of writers among the library’s users, which was headed by both classic writers and authors who are almost forgotten today. The article reconstructs the repertoire of periodicals that were available in the collections.The obtained results reveal the close interrelation and interdependence of all indicators of the library’s activity, including the time of its operation, the amount of financing, the number of users, visits, titles of books and periodicals. This study expands the idea of public initiative in the arrangement of libraries in pre-revolutionary Siberia, the demand for these cultural institutions among the lower strata of Siberian society and their reader’s preferences.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT CHUVASH VILLAGE SLAKBASH

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Vitaly P. Ivanov ◽  
Mudaris Kh. Safin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Local History ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
The Village

Based on a wide range of archival sources and local history information, the article is the first to explore the under-investigated controversial issues of the origin of a famous Chuvash village Slakbash in Bashkiria – the birthplace of brilliant Chuvash poets Konstantin Ivanov and Yakov Ukhsay. Special attention is paid to the features of the Chuvash peasants’ migration to the Bashkir region in the 18th–19th centuries, the history of their founding the village of Belebeyevo, which became the uyezd town of Belebey in 1718. The article considers several versions of the origin of Slakbash, some of them are evaluated by the authors as scientifically unsound. Based on newly identified historical data, the authors found that the population of Slakbash was made up of people from the village of Belebeevo, as well as immigrants from more than ten Chuvash villages of the modern Chuvash Republic. The article deals with the origins of the family of K.V. Ivanov and Ya.G. Ukhsay, who were second cousins and descendants of one ancestor – Anton Danilov, a native of the village of Baigildino in the present Kanash region of the Chuvash Republic. There he was taken into account during the II revision (1745), and the III revision (1763) recorded him already in Bashkiria – in the village of Belebeevo, in 1781 he was recorded among the first settlers of Slakbash. In conclusion, the article provides information about the socio-cultural characteristics of Slakbash in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

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