scholarly journals Personalizing protein-drug interactions

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1811-1820
Author(s):  
Natasha Beeton-Kempen ◽  
Aubrey Shoko ◽  
Jonathan Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Protein Drug ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The development of new drugs today is a hugely expensive process, with estimated costs of up to $1 billion to take a drug through to market. However, despite this seemingly massive expenditure, statistics show that the great majority of prescription drugs on the market today are only effective for around 40 % of the patients to whom they are administered. Worse still, recently there have been a series of high-profile instances where potentially block-busting FDA-approved drugs have subsequently been withdrawn due to unanticipated side effects that were only revealed when the drug entered use in the general population. A variety of factors are at play in underpinning such statistics, but at the heart of the problem is the fact that, despite the extensive knowledge being generated in the postgenomic era about the genetic differences between individuals, Western medicine still today largely ignores such differences. The hope therefore is that by gaining a greater understanding of the individual nature of disease progression and of drug response, we might move toward a new era of personalized medicine in which the right drug is prescribed at the right dose to treat the precise disease afflicting the specific patient. As a step along this road, this review will discuss new approaches in the pharmacogenomics field to understanding in a quantitative manner the molecular consequence of polymorphic variation and mutation, both on encoded protein function and on protein-drug interactions.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN OSTEOARTRITIS DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RSUD DR. M. ASHARI PEMALANG PERIODE MARET-APRIL 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Fithri Zahara S ◽  
Ebta Narasukma A ◽  
Maria Caecilia N.S.H
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cartilage Destruction ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint illness characterized by cartilage destruction and often found on older people. The drugs commonly used to treat OA symptoms is paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), food supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin. The purposes of these studies are identifying the OA patient's characteristics (including gender and age), drug use evaluation based on the right patient, indication, and dose, as well as the potency of drug interactions on OA patients. This research is non-experimental research with a non-analytical descriptive design. The data was collected retrospectively with a purposive sampling method from outpatients OA medical records in RSUD Dr. M. Ashari Pemalang (March to April 2018 period). The results of this study indicate that patients have suffered OA for 1-2 years (40%), generally women (72.94%) with an age range of 46-55 years (39%). Most patients have an elementary school educational background (41%), and 43.53% of them are overweight (BMI 25.00-29.99). All medicines prescribed for OA patient therapy have been the right indication and patient. As many as 80.95% of the prescribed medicines had the right dose, and 19.05% of prescription drugs case categorized as underdosing. Drug interactions potency occurs in 30.58% of patients, with 29 cases. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, drugs use evaluation, outpatient

scholarly journals EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN OSTEOARTRITIS DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RSUD DR. M. ASHARI PEMALANG PERIODE MARET-APRIL 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Fithri Zahara S. ◽  
Ebta Narasukma A. ◽  
Maria Caecilia N.S.H
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cartilage Destruction ◽  
Keywords Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint illness characterized by cartilage destruction and often found on older people. The drugs commonly used to treat OA symptoms is paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), food supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin. The purposes of these studies are identifying the OA patient's characteristics (including gender and age), drug use evaluation based on the right patient, indication, and dose, as well as the potency of drug interactions on OA patients. This research is non-experimental research with a non-analytical descriptive design. The data was collected retrospectively with a purposive sampling method from outpatients OA medical records in RSUD Dr. M. Ashari Pemalang (March to April 2018 period). The results of this study indicate that patients have suffered OA for 1-2 years (40%), generally women (72.94%) with an age range of 46-55 years (39%). Most patients have an elementary school educational background (41%), and 43.53% of them are overweight (BMI 25.00-29.99). All medicines prescribed for OA patient therapy have been the right indication and patient. As many as 80.95% of the prescribed medicines had the right dose, and 19.05% of prescription drugs case categorized as underdosing. Drug interactions potency occurs in 30.58% of patients, with 29 cases. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, drugs use evaluation, outpatient

scholarly journals Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Drug-Drug Interactions for Histamine Antagonist Using Hybrid Chemical Features

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Luong Huu Dang ◽  
Nguyen Tan Dung ◽  
Ly Xuan Quang ◽  
Le Quang Hung ◽  
Ngoc Hoang Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Histamine Antagonist

The requesting of detailed information on new drugs including drug-drug interactions or targets is often unavailable and resource-intensive in assessing adverse drug events. To shorten the common evaluation process of drug-drug interactions, we present a machine learning framework-HAINI to predict DDI types for histamine antagonist drugs using simplified molecular-input line-entry systems (SMILES) combined with interaction features based on CYP450 group as inputs. The data used in our research consisted of approved drugs of histamine antagonists that are connected to 26,344 DDI pairs from the DrugBank database. Various classification algorithms such as Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost were used with 5-fold cross-validation to approach a large-scale DDIs prediction among histamine antagonist drugs. The prediction performance shows that our model outperformed previously published works on DDI prediction with the best precision of 0.788, a recall of 0.921, and an F1-score of 0.838 among 19 given DDIs types. An important finding of the study is that our prediction is based solely on the SMILES and CYP450 and thus can be applied at the early stage of drug development.

Boundaries of Restricting the Rights of Human and Citizen

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Manol Stanin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractLimitation of rights is a measure proved its effectiveness with positive results for the community in war, military or another emergency.Attitude to rightsmust be human with a view to the right-to-human relationshipbecause the crossing of a certain boundary leads to a disintegration of rights and a negative impact on the personality.This implies necessity from legal institutionalization of clear criteria to refine the limitation of rights, both for the purpose of their protection and for the purpose of protecting the individual.

Tourism as a Tool for the Fulfilment of the Rights to Rest and Leisure Enshrined in Article No. 24 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Bianca Nicla Romano
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Title V ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Real Right ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Italian Constitution

Art. 24 of the 1948 Declaration of Human Rights recognises and protects the right of the individual to rest and leisure. This right has to be fully exercised without negative consequences on the right to work and the remuneration. Tourism can be considered one of the best ways of rest and leisure because it allows to enrich the personality of the individual. Even after the reform of the Title V this area is no longer covered by the Italian Constitution, the Italian legal system protects and guarantees it as a real right, so as to get to recognize its existence and the consequent compensation of the so-called “ruined holiday damage”. This kind of damage has not a patrimonial nature, but a moral one, and the Tourist-Traveler can claim for it when he has not been able to fully enjoy his holiday - the essential fulcrum of tourism - intended as an opportunity for leisure and/or rest, essential rights of the individual.

VALUE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Narayan Patra ◽  
Jayanta Mete
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Values are like seeds that sprout, become saplings, grow into trees and spread their branches all around. To be able to think right, to feel the right kind of emotions and to act in the desirable manner are the prime phases of personality development. Building up of values system starts with the individual, moves on to the family and community, reorienting systems, structures and institutions, spreading throughout the land and ultimately embracing the planet as a whole. The culture of inclusivity is particularly relevant and important in the context of our society, nation and making education a right for all children.

Ayurveda dietary guidelines during Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1477-1481
Author(s):  
Ishwari Gaikwad ◽  
Priyanka Shelotkar
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Regimen ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The current world situation is both frightening and alarming due to the massive disruption caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The next few days are censorious as we need to be very precautious in our daily regimen as well as dietary habits. Ayurveda offers knowledge about food based on certain reasoning. Indecent food custom is the chief cause for the rising development of health disorders in the current era. In classical texts of Ayurveda, the concept of diet explained well, ranging from their natural sources, properties and specific utility in pathological as well as physiological manner. In this work, the review of the relevant literature of Ahara (Diet) was carried out from Charak Samhita and other texts, newspapers, articles, web page related to the same.  Every human being is unique with respect to his Prakriti (Physical and mental temperament), Agni (Digestive capacity), Koshtha  (Nature of bowel) etc. For that reason, the specificity of the individual should be kept in mind. Ahara, when consumed in the appropriate amount at the right moment following all Niyamas (Guidelines) given in Ayurveda texts, gives immunity and keeps the body in a healthy state during pandemics such as Covid-19. Ultimately, this will help the human body to maintain its strength for life. This article reviews the concept of diet viz. combination of foods, their quantity and quality, methods of preparation and processing, which are to be followed during pandemics and are essential in maintenance and endorsement of health and preclusion of diseases.

Fulfilling the Right to Food for South Africa: Justice, Security, Sovereignty and the Politics of Malnutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-152
Author(s):  
Busiso Helard Moyo ◽  
Anne Marie Thompson Thow
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Food Justice ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Despite South Africa’s celebrated constitutional commitments that have expanded and deepened South Africa’s commitment to realise socio-economic rights, limited progress in implementing right to food policies stands to compromise the country’s developmental path. If not a deliberate policy choice, the persistence of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in all its forms is a deep policy failure.  Food system transformation in South Africa requires addressing wider issues of who controls the food supply, thus influencing the food chain and the food choices of the individual and communities. This paper examines three global rights-based paradigms – ‘food justice’, ‘food security’ and ‘food sovereignty’ – that inform activism on the right to food globally and their relevance to food system change in South Africa; for both fulfilling the right to food and addressing all forms of malnutrition. We conclude that the emerging concept of food sovereignty has important yet largely unexplored possibilities for democratically managing food systems for better health outcomes.

Chimeras In Time-Honored Societies

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-466
Author(s):  
TUMMALA. SAI MAMATA
Keyword(s):  
Major Elements ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Inner Self ◽  
The World ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Superstitious Beliefs

A river flows serenely accepting all the miseries and happiness that it comes across its journey. A tree releases oxygen for human beings despite its inner plights. The sun is never tired of its duty and gives sunlight without any interruption. Why are all these elements of nature so tuned to? Education is knowledge. Knowledge comes from learning. Learning happens through experience. Familiarity is the master of life that shapes the individual. Every individual learns from nature. Nature teaches how to sustain, withdraw and advocate the prevailing situations. Some dwell into the deep realities of nature and nurture as ideal human beings. Life is a puzzle. How to solve it is a million dollar question that can never be answered so easily. The perception of life changes from individual to individual making them either physically powerful or feeble. Society is not made of only individuals. Along with individuals it has nature, emotions, spiritual powers and superstitious beliefs which bind them. Among them the most crucial and alarming is the emotions which are interrelated to others. Alone the emotional intelligence is going to guide the life of an individual. For everyone there is an inner self which makes them conscious of their deeds. The guiding force should always force the individual to choose the right path.  Writers are the powerful people who have rightly guided the society through their ingenious pen outs.  The present article is going to focus on how the major elements bound together are dominating the individual’s self through Rabindranath Tagore’s Home and the World (1916)

IMAGERY AND EMOTIONS IN THE PIANO PIECE „THE SICK DOLL“ FROM CHILDREN’S ALBUM OF P . I TCHAIKOVSKY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Smilena Smilkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
Sound Image ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Art Pedagogy

The proposed material examines the creative task of students majoring in Social Pedagogy at the University „Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov“ in Burgas, and studying the discipline Art Pedagogy – Part 1 – Music. In the course of the lecture course students get acquainted with the elements of musical expression, as a means of figurative representations and impact of music, with different techniques concerning individual musical activities, with the endless and diverse opportunities that music provides in the use of art pedagogy for social work teachers.Verbal interpretation of music is a necessary component when working with children with special educational needs, at risk and in the norm. Looking at Tchaikovsky’s short and extremely figurative piano piece „The Sick Doll“ from his charming „Children’s Album“, in the form of a short story, tale or essay, students express their personal vision, feeling and transformation of the musical image. The aim of the task is to transcribe the sound image into a verbal one. This requires speed, flexibility and logic in thinking, through imagination and creativity in its manifestation. Children love to listen, especially when they are involved. In search of the right way to solve problems and situations, future social educators could successfully benefit from the conversion of sound into words, according to the needs and deficits of the individual or group.

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