Children of the Pátria: Representations of Childhood and Welfare State Ideologies at the 1922 Rio de Janeiro International Centennial Exposition

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Wadsworth ◽  
Tamera L. Marko
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

The child does not only belong to the family .... Child rearing is no longer purely a question of family order, it embraces a multitude of interests for the social order .... The problem of childhood is the greatest national dilemma.Brazilian hygienist Dr. Alfredo Ferreira de Magalhães proclaimed his view of child welfare to an elite audience of medical, legal, political, military, and business leaders during the opening ceremonies at the 1922 First Brazilian Congress for the Protection of Childhood held in Rio de Janeiro. For the first time in Brazil, children had become a distinct focus of teachers, lawyers, military leaders, politicians, police, priests, judges, journalists, and novelists who struggled to incorporate liberal and positivistic ideas into public policies and institutions. Members of all classes of Brazilian society had cared for children and had lamented high rates of infant mortality well before the turn of the century. The 1920s movement, however, differed significantly from previous approaches to child welfare in Brazil. This was the first time that elites from such a wide variety of professions and positions of power insisted that the state assume responsibility for funding, implementing, and enforcing child welfare legislation and institutions.

Profesorowie Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego: Władysław Chłopicki i Władysław Reiss oraz ich powiązania rodowe, czyli o Krupniczej nieco inaczej

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Przybyszewska
Keyword(s):  
Military Leaders ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Politics And Science ◽  
Tenement House ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts

The history of the inhabitants of the house at 5 Krupnicza Street in Krakow inspired to write this book, the aim of which is to present the history of two families who came to Krakow from different parts of Poland. The „Pod Matką Boską” tenement house, which has become a life haven for so many generations of Reiss and Chłopicki, including medical professors associated with the Jagiellonian University, is the basis of a much wider story about the intertwining of human lives. Thanks to these circumstances, we restore memory, and we often realise for the first time how far fates of families intertwine and connect with each other. Reaching deeply into the family roots, we not only find numerous family ties, but also appreciate their importance. We also understand better how history influences the course of life and how individual decisions can influence the course of events. The pages of this book will include wellknown and distinguished figures, who have their place in the history of politics and science, as well as doctors, military leaders, politicians. There will be also room for those who cared about family and public matters without publicity, serving current and everyday matters, but without whom great things could not have been fulfiled.

scholarly journals Sytuacja prawna dzieci w Polsce po 1945 r. Wybrane aspekty z A.S. Makarenką w tle

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Sylwia Różycka-Jaroś
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Parental Authority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
First Time

The time after 1945 is one of the most important moments in the process of developing children’s rights, because for the first time in the history of Polish legislation the established law had equalized the legal position of all children, abolishing all differences between those who were born in and outside of marriage. The analysis carried out in the text shows that the law established at that time was not only progressive in relation to the past, but it also kept up to date, about which, after the liberal breakthrough of 1989, we do not want to remember. The developed principles of exercising parental authority, with parents’ rights and duties equated, caused the concept of the child welfare to play a leading role in the interpretation of family law. The child welfare has therefore become the basic value that requires priority treatment. It is also important that after 1945 the process of eliminating children’s corporal punishment from the pre-school and school environment, and now also from the family circle, was initiated.

The importance of fathers in building stronger families

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Father Figures ◽  
Welfare Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
And Gender

Fathers and father figures in child welfare and child development have often been neglected as a focus of interest and research, yet they are often recognised as being a key to the functioning of the family. In addition to this concept, parenting beliefs and practices inevitably influence those of child development and child rearing. By beginning to unravel the differences between role and gender and looking at the diverse dimensions of fatherhood, it is contended that there is no definitive discourse regarding fatherhood in the same way as it is suggested about motherhood.Whoever these men are, and whichever ethnic group or culture that they may originate from, it is argued that they have often been ignored or avoided in child welfare work. It is hoped that by identifying some of the key concepts in this overlooked area, intervention can be planned to engage fathers more constructively.

scholarly journals Parental Help-Seeking and the Moral Order. Notes for Policy-Makers and Parenting Practitioners on ‘the First Port of Call’ and ‘No One to Turn To’

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Broadhurst
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
Professional Identification ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Recent Developments

The topic ‘help-seeking’ is of international interest. However, there is only a very limited literature concerning help-seeking in child welfare and a distinct dearth of studies that have examined the social organisation of parents’ decisions to seek help. Recent developments in child welfare services in England and Wales have seen the introduction of a raft of initiatives that aim to deliver parenting support to a broader range of parents; however, these initiatives are not well grounded in an evidence base concerning parental help-seeking. Focusing on the organisation of talk-in-interaction in interviews and focus groups, this study examined parents’ normative and inter-subjective understandings about help-seeking. The study found that when considering the welfare problems of parenting (variously described as ‘domestic’, ‘normal’ or ‘on the home front’), participants routinely made relevant the binary ‘inside/outside’ the family, indicating the central (normative) relevance of the category ‘family’ for this kind of support. Outside (professional) help was very much a residual option, only to be considered on the basis of ‘no-one to turn to’. The findings are discussed in relation to national strategies that seek to normalise support for parenting and issues of international relevance to do with professional identification and diagnosis of need.

scholarly journals Economic Liberalization in India: Economic Contributes and Social Consequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanraj R
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Managing Change ◽  
Effective Change ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Monetary Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual

The experience of economic liberalisation began to be felt by every co­mmon person in India during the mid 90s.The effects, however, were not uniform. It had a number of resultant outcomes depending upon the variables in the respective situations. The effects, for example, on rural and urban lives, were different. The receiver-benefits by the 'haves' and 'have-nots' were not the same. The economic liberalisation had two broad economic contributes to the people in India: emergence of monetary economy over and above other forms of economies, and increase in the options and opportunities for livelihood. The social con­sequences of economic liberalisation could be seen in the three main constituents of the social system: the individual, the family and the community. And the consequences are not all very encouraging.The paper argues that identifying change is the first step towards managing change and acknowledging change is a precondition for effective change management. Identifying and acknowledging the social consequences of economic liberalisation is most likely to help in the continuation of interventions that are needed for the constructive strengthening of the social order of society

scholarly journals Risk Factors of a Progradient TB Course in Children with Perinatal HIV-infection: the Results of a Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
S. N. Shugaeva ◽  
E. D. Savilov ◽  
A. G. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Cohort study of 130 children with monoinfection TB and co-infection of HIV was carried out. For the first time, both a progradient and a regradient TB course were identified. The progradient diseases pattern in a group of patients with HIV co-infection appears to be 5.3 times higher than in a group of patients with monoinfection. High frequency linkage of epidemiological, social, and medicobiological risk factors were recognized. Predictive significance of the progradient TB course in children with HIV-infection was observed in the following: a contact with TB infected individuals, imperfections in the pediatric observations and the evasion of fluorographic testing by adults interacting with the children and the social deviations of adult members of the family.

scholarly journals Acompanhamento familiar no Suas: diálogo com o município do Rio de Janeiro | Family support in the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS): dialogue with the municipality of Rio de Janeiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Carlos de Oliveira ◽  
Ariane Rego de Paiva ◽  
Sindely Chahim de Avellar Alchorne
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
The City

O presente trabalho tem por objetivos discutir desafios envolvidos na conceituação de acompanhamento familiar e problematizar elementos dos processos para sua efetivação nas unidades da política de assistência social no Rio de Janeiro, tendo por referências as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Assistência Social e as normativas do trabalho social com famílias do Sistema Único de Assistência Social, a análise bibliográfica e a experiência de extensão desenvolvida pela PUC-Rio em parceria com o órgão gestor da assistência social do município do Rio de Janeiro. Identificou-se pontos de convergência e divergência nos processos de acompanhamento familiar entre os diferentes serviços e as principais questões e dificuldades levantadas pelos profissionais.Palavras-Chave: assistência social; Rio de Janeiro; acompanhamento familiar; trabalho social.  Abstract – This study aims to discuss the challenges involved in the conceptualization of family support and to problematize elements of the processes for its effectiveness in the units of the social assistance policy in Rio de Janeiro. The guidelines of the National Social Assistance Policy, the norms of social work with the families of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), and the bibliographic analysis and experience developed by PUC-Rio in partnership with the social assistance agency of the city of Rio de Janeiro were used as references. Points of convergence and divergence were identified in the family support processes between the different services and the main issues and difficulties raised by professionals.Keywords: social assistance; Rio de Janeiro; family accompaniment; social work.

scholarly journals New records and conservation of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae s.s.) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Michaele Alvim Milward-de-Azevedo ◽  
Natália Brandão Gonçalves Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
New Records ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Janeiro State

Passiflora L. belongs to the family Passifloraceaesensu stricto, and comprises 700–750 species. There are approximately 161 known species of the family in Brazil, of which 153 belong to Passiflora, 89 are endemic, 83 occur in the region of the Atlantic Domain; 40 occur in Rio de Janeiro State (RJ). Using field samplings techniques and scientific collection analyses, we present here new geographic records for Passiflora deidamioides Harms, P. imbeana Sacco, P. junqueirae Imig & Cervi, and P. truncata Regel for RJ, principally in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park (PARNASO). Geographic distribution data was used to calculate the Extension of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) of the species. Passiflora junqueirae, previously considered endemic to Espírito Santo State, now has new records for RJ. Passiflora imbeana and P. truncata are extended into RJ, being recorded there for the first time in the municipality of Teresópolis. The four species are cited for the first time in PARNASO, occurring between 1,000 and 1,700 m.a.s.l. in Montane and Upper Montane Atlantic Rainforest. We provide taxonomic information, distribution maps, and the conservation status of the species.

Syphilis, sin and the social order: Richard Wagner'sParsifal

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Hutcheon ◽  
Michael Hutcheon
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Music Drama ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

In the age of AIDS, few would be surprised to find sexuality connected to suffering and disease; in the age of syphilis – from its arrival in Europe in 1492 to today, when it is on the rise once again – the connection is equally strong, though many of us have forgotten this. The brief respite offered by the discovery of a cure for syphilis (through the use of penicillin) in the 1940s ended with the appearance of AIDS. Over the last five hundred years, the Christian reading of syphilis as the scourge of God directed against the sexually sinful has merged with societal sexual anxieties about the effects of syphilis on the general social fabric and, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, on the family in particular. The perhaps surprising focus of this discussion (by a literary theorist and a physician) of suffering and social decline in the context of sexually transmitted disease is Richard Wagner's last music drama,Parsifal, finally completed in 1882 and called aBühnenweihfestspiel(a stage consecration festival play) for his Bayreuth theatre.

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