scholarly journals Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Equine Tumors

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Thamm ◽  
E. J. Ehrhart ◽  
J. B. Charles ◽  
Y. A. Elce
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Strong Immunoreactivity ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Pharmacologic Inhibition

The enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is expressed in some tumor and stromal tissues, and catalyzes production of prostaglandins with growth stimulatory, antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and immunosuppressive properties. Pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 is associated with antitumor activity in various human and canine malignancies. The purpose of this study was to assess COX-2 expression in a series of equine sarcoids, melanomas, and squamous-cell carcinomas (SCC). COX-2 expression was assessed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 14 sarcoids, 11 melanomas, and 37 SCC that represent various anatomic sites by using standard immunohistochemical methods. COX-2 was expressed in 2 of 14 sarcoids, 7 of 11 melanomas, and 32 of 37 SCC, 56% of which demonstrated moderate-to-strong immunoreactivity. There were no differences in expression between anatomic sites. In conclusion, most equine SCC and many melanomas appear to express COX-2 and thus could respond to COX-2 inhibitor therapy.

Combined expression of bcl-2, bcl-6, HIF, HGF, c-kit, neu/cerb2 and VEGF-C and their clinical significance in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 20079-20079
Author(s):  
I. O. Kara ◽  
A. Uguz ◽  
B. Sahin ◽  
E. Kilic-Bagir ◽  
M. Erkisi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Postoperative Irradiation ◽  
Predicting Outcome ◽  
Formalin Fixed

20079 Background: Proteins regulating the cell cycle and cell death are frequently abnormally expressed in cancer. Several of these, particularly Bcl-2, Bcl-6, neu/cerb2 have been widely suggested as possible prognostic markers in diverse human malignancies. Their role in predicting outcome in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck is unclear. In addition c-kit protein has been shown in tumorogenesis. Because HNSCC preferentially metastasizes to regional lymph nodes, we investigated the expression of bcl-2, bcl-6, HIF, HGF, c-kit, neu/cerb2 and VEGF-C and their clinical significance in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. Methods: We studied 115 patients with stage I o III tumors, all were treated with surgery ± postoperative irradiation/chemotherapy by a single institute. We studied the patients retrospectively to test the association between expression of Bcl-2, bcl-6, HIF, HGF, c-kit, neu/cerb2 and VEGF-C, as assessed by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue and evaluated by two pathologist. We scored the expression of the proteins from negativ to severe expression. In addition we evaluated the degree of tumor grade, necrosis and also inflamation, respectively. Results: Within 115 patients we found severe expression of bcl-2 in 2 (1%), bcl-6 in 16 (13%), HIF in 57 (49%), HGF in 38 (33%), c-kit in 4 (3%), neu/cerb2 in 17 (14%) and VEGF-C in 11 (9%) patients, respectively. We found significant correlation between bcl-2 and necrosis (p = 0.003), HGF and inflamation (p = 0.05), c-kit and necrosis (p = 0.04), c-kit and tumor grade (p = 0.03) respectively. We found that the significant relation between bcl-6 and HIF (p = 0.000), bcl-6 and HGF (p = 0.02), bcl-6 and c-kit (p = 0.005), bcl-6 and VEGF-C (p = 0.000), HGF and VEGF-C (p = 0.005) respectively. Also we found that the significant correlation between tumor grade and HGF (p = 0.05). Conclusion: These data indicate that assessing expression of bcl-2 or bcl-6, c-kit and HGF is unlikely to be prognostically useful for surgically treated laryngeal carcinoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Automated Extraction of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas Using the Roche Cobas 4800 System

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (8) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy A. Kerr ◽  
Brenda Sweeney ◽  
Ronald N. Arpin ◽  
Melissa Ring ◽  
Martha B. Pitman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Roche Cobas

Context.—Testing for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is important for both prognostication and clinical management. Several testing platforms are available for HR-HPV; however, effective alternative automated approaches are needed. Objective.—To assess the performance of the automated Roche cobas 4800 HPV real-time polymerase chain reaction-based system on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HNSCC specimens and compare results with standard methods of in situ hybridization (ISH) and p16 immunohistochemistry. Design.—Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of HNSCC were collected from archival specimens in the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston), and prepared using the automated system by deparaffinization and dehydration followed by tissue lysis. Samples were integrated into routine cervical cytology testing runs by cobas. Corresponding formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were evaluated for HR-HPV by ISH and p16 by immunohistochemistry. Discrepant cases were adjudicated by polymerase chain reaction. Results.—Sixty-two HNSCC samples were analyzed using the automated cobas system, ISH, and immunohistochemistry. Fifty-two percent (n = 32 of 62) of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors were positive for HR-HPV by cobas. Eighty-eight percent (n = 28 of 32) of cases were the HPV 16 subtype and 12% (n = 4 of 32) were other HR-HPV subtypes. Corresponding testing with ISH was concordant in 92% (n = 57 of 62) of cases. Compared with the adjudication polymerase chain reaction standard, there were 3 false-positive cases by cobas. Conclusions.—Concordance in HNSCC HR-HPV status between cobas and ISH was more than 90%. The cobas demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 91% for detection of HR-HPV. Advantages favoring cobas include its automation, cost efficiency, objective results, and ease of performance.

Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Desmin in Canine Smooth Muscle Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Andreasen ◽  
E. A. Mahaffey
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Immunohistochemical Identification ◽  
Avidin Biotin Complex

Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas, or fibrosarcomas were examined by immunohistochemical methods for the presence of desmin. Twenty-two leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas were stained using the avidin-biotin complex technique, and 14 samples demonstrated positive staining for desmin. The eight negative results obtained may reflect differences in fixation or the affinity of the primary antibody for the tissues examined. Desmin was specific for myogenic tissues. Five canine fibrosarcomas examined immunohistochemically were all negative for desmin staining. The results indicate that desmin is a useful marker for immunohistochemical identification of canine leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas.

Combined BIOMED-2 Clonality Assays for IGH and IGK and Assessment of t(14;18) on Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin Embedded Tissues Effectively Separates Primary Cutaneous B Cell Lymphomas from Reactive Cutaneous Lymphoid Hyperplasia.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2623-2623
Author(s):  
Anjali V. Morales ◽  
Katie Seo ◽  
Daniel A. Arber ◽  
Sabine Kohler ◽  
Youn H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Multiple Biopsies ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Abstract Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCL) are a diverse group of lymphomas that are limited to the skin at the time of diagnosis. Clonally rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) genes are a key feature of B-cell malignancies. While PCR for Ig rearrangement is well-established and characterized in nodal malignancies, PCR investigations of Ig clonality in PCBCL have been unstandardized and extremely inconsistent. In this study, we analyzed 27 cases of PCBCL (22 cases of PCBCL diagnosed at initial presentation and 5 cases of atypical lymphoid infiltrates (ALI)) for Ig clonality using standardized BIOMED-2 PCR protocols (InVivoScribe Technologies, San Diego, CA). We defined lesions of ALI as those that were clinically suspicious for lymphoma, but could not be confirmed as lymphoma by morphologic and/or immunohistochemical methods. These patients were followed clinically where an eventual diagnosis of lymphoma was made by morphologic and/or immunohistochemical methods. Our primary objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the BIOMED-2 method for detecting clonality in PCBCL, including cases initially diagnosed as ALI. Our secondary objective was to assess the role of clonality in the diagnosis of PCBCL. 47 biopsies from 27 cases of PCBCL (7 T1aN0M0, 4 T2aN0M0, 3 T2bN0M0, 3 T3aN0M0, and 10 T3bN0M0) were tested for IGH and IGK gene rearrangements and the (14;18) translocation using BIOMED-2 primers. Select cases from patients with multiple biopsies were further analyzed by sequencing to identify identical clones. We found a clone in 24/27 (89%) cases overall (10/11, 91% marginal zone lymphoma (MZL); 10/11, 91% follicle center lymphoma (FCL); and 4/5 ALI)). Among the 47 biopsies, a clone was detected in 35/47 (75%) cases (13/19, 68% MZL; 15/19, 79% FCL; and 7/9, 78% ALI). We found that clonal detection was improved in cases with multiple biopsies. The t(14;18) translocation was present in 3/11 FCL cases and 1/5 ALI cases, but not detected in any biopsy from MZL cases. Addition of IGK analysis to IGH analysis alone increased sensitivity of clonal detection from 57% to 75%. No clonality was detected in 9 cases of reactive cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. While our study is small, the initial results demonstrate that the BIOMED-2 protocol shows high sensitivity and specificity in clonality detection in PCBCL the (14;18) translocation is rare in PCBCL in general, but can be detected in a minority of cases of FCL adding IGK primers to the analysis for clonality may increase its sensitivity over detection of IGH rearrangements alone clonality detection may lead to earlier diagnosis of PCBCL in cases otherwise thought to be ALI multiple biopsies can lead to a more definitive diagnosis of PCBCL with increased likelihood of clonal detection and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues can be used very effectively to establish clonality in PCBCL. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a standardized approach for the detection of clonality in PCBCL. We propose a new algorithm in the diagnosis of PCBCL, where clonality assays are implemented when a definitive diagnosis cannot be made on clinical, morphologic, and/or immunophenotypic grounds. This novel characterization of PCBCL using archival tissue and the BIOMED-2 assay is a powerful strategy for clonality assessment and validation of the diagnosis of PCBCL.

scholarly journals Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma, adenomatous polyps and non-tumour bearing margins of resection tissues in a cohort of black Africans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255235
Author(s):  
Uchenna Simon Ezenkwa ◽  
Clement Abu Okolo ◽  
Gabriel Olabiyi Ogun ◽  
Adegboyega Akere ◽  
Olufemi John Ogunbiyi
Keyword(s):  
Adenomatous Polyp ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Adenomatous Polyps ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
The Difference

Background Emerging data suggest a negative role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). Investigating this in developing communities such as ours helps to contribute to existing understanding of these lesions. Methods and findings Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CRC colectomy tissues and their corresponding non-tumour margins of resected tissues were sectioned and stained with COX-2 antibody. Adenomatous polyp tissues from non-cancer bearing individuals were similarly processed for comparison. COX-2 expression was scored for percentage (< 5% = 0; 6%-25% = 1; 26%-50% = 2; 51%-75% = 3; 76%-100% = 4) and intensity (no staining = 0; yellow = 2; yellowish-brown = 3, brown = 4). Total immunoscore (percentage + intensity score) ≥ 2 was regarded as positive COX-2 expression. Outcome was statistically evaluated with clinicopathological data to determine COX-2 expression-associated and predictor variables. Ninety-five CRC cases and 27 matched non-tumour tissues as well as 31 adenomatous polyps met the inclusion criteria. Individuals with CRC had a mean age of 56.1 ± 12.6 years while those with adenomatous polyps had a median age of 65 years (range 43–88). COX-2 was differentially overexpressed in CRCs (69/95; 72.6%) and in adenomatous polyps (17/31; 54.8%) than in non-tumour tissues 5/27 (18.5%); p < 0.001). The difference in COX-2 expression between CRC and polyps was non-significant (p > 0.065). Tumour grade, advanced pT-stage, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, and dirty necrosis were also significantly associated with COX-2 expression (p < 0.035; 0.043, 0.035 and 0.004, respectively). Only dirty necrosis and Crohns-like lymphocytic aggregates predicted COX-2 expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study showed a progressive increase in COX-2 expression from normal to adenomatous polyp and CRC tissues, this being associated with poorer prognostic indicators. Although COX-2 appears early in CRC, it may play a secondary role in promoting tumour growth and invasiveness.

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