Molecular Orientation Study of the Drying of Latex in Real Time Using the Variable-Angle Attenuated Total Reflectance Technique

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Mi Shin ◽  
Jack L. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Dichroic Ratio ◽  
Variable Angle ◽  
Orientation Function ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform

The changes in orientation of polymer chains during the drying of latex have been studied. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR ATR) technique was used to obtain dichroic ratios. The variable-angle ATR technique was used to profile the dichroic ratio changes at different depths in the films. Using the dichroic ratio and the Hermans orientation function, it was possible to monitor the orientation changes of the polymer chains during latex drying in real time. New insights into the film formation process during the different stages of drying and condensation were obtained.

Real Time Measurement of Functional Groups Substitution on Fluorocarbon Surface by ATR FT-IR

2004 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Sato ◽  
Masataka Murahara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Untreated Sample ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Hydrophilic Group ◽  
Ft Ir

ABSTRACTThe photochemical reaction process steps in substituting the functional groups on the surface of fluorocarbon [FEP] by irradiating an Xe2 excimer lamp on water or formic acid and FEP placed on the attenuated total reflectance [ATR] prism, has been measured in real time. These steps include, water photo-dissociation, the defluorination of the FEP and the hydrophilic group substitution.In case of formic acid, the absorption peaks of the -CHO in the region of 2940 cm−1 and the -COOH in the region of 1710 cm−1 decreased respectively by photo dissociation, but that of the -OH in the region of 3300cm−1 increased. The results indicated that the -CHO and -COOH have turned to -OH.Furthermore, the contact angle with water was measured. When compared to the untreated sample, whose contact angle was 110 degrees, the contact angle of the sample treated with water and the Xe2 lamp irradiation for 25 minutes became 31 degrees, and that of the sample modified with formic acid and the lamp irradiated for 25 minutes further improved to 17 degrees. This implies that the hydrophilic groups were produced more in formic acid than in water.

scholarly journals Synthesis of epoxy resins derivatives of naphthalene-2,7-diol and their cross-linked products

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 4349-4358 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fila ◽  
M. Gargol ◽  
M. Goliszek ◽  
B. Podkościelna
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Epoxy Groups

Abstract The aim of this study was the synthesis of three different epoxy compounds based on naphthalene-2,7-diol (2,7-NAF.EP, 2,7-NAF.WEP, 2,7-NAF.P.EP) and then their cross-linking by triethylenetetramine (TETA). All epoxides were prepared by the reaction of naphthalene-2,7-diol with epichlorohydrin but under different conditions and with other catalysts. The structures of the obtained compounds before and after the cross-linking reactions were confirmed by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR). The ATR/FT-IR spectra of cross-linked compounds show disappearance of the C–O–C bands (about 915 cm−1) derived from the epoxy groups. DSC and TG/DTG measurements indicated that the obtained materials possess good thermal resistance; they are stable up to about 250 °C. The hardness of the cross-linked products was determined using the Shore D method. The highest value of hardness was obtained for the 2,7-NAF.EP-POL. Additionally, the UV–Vis absorption spectra of the obtained polymers were registered and evaluated.

Real-time liquid-phase organic reaction monitoring with mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance dual frequency comb spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 356 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel I. Herman ◽  
Eleanor M. Waxman ◽  
Gabriel Ycas ◽  
Fabrizio R. Giorgetta ◽  
Nathan R. Newbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Total Reflectance

scholarly journals PLA/PHA-Biodegradable Blends for Pneumothermic Fabrication of Nonwovens

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztofa Szuman ◽  
Izabella Krucińska ◽  
Maciej Boguń ◽  
Zbigniew Draczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Abstract This study presents the results of research concerning fabrication of nonwovens from biodegradable polymer blends using the melt-blown method. The experiments performed within the framework of the research confirmed the possibility of obtaining polymer composites based on polylactide (PLA) with poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) and another aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. The obtained products were subjected to the analyses of chemical structure using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR) method. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated nonwoven layers were also tested, which confirmed a wide spectrum of their applicability, depending on the polymer composition used in production.

Quantitative Analysis of Glucose Syrups by ATR/FT-IR Spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Lène Mirouze ◽  
J. C. Boulou ◽  
N. Dupuy ◽  
M. Meurens ◽  
J. P. Huvenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Thanks to what has been achieved by the Fourier transform, infrared spectrometry can now become a state-of-the-art device in quality control laboratories if we consider its precision and the gain in time it ensures in comparison to results from traditional analytical methods such as chromatography. Moreover, the increasing number of new mathematical regression methods such as Partial Least-Squares (PLS) regression allows multicomponent quantitative analysis in mixtures. For instance, the analysis of the three main components (glucose, maltose, and fructose) of the dry substance which represents about 70% (w/v) in glucose syrups can be done with the use of Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy with a precision in the region of 3 to 5%, whereas the time required to obtain an analysis report is about five minutes. The high similarity between the glucose and the maltose may make the analysis difficult.

Observations of surface-mediated reduction of Pu(VI) to Pu(IV) on hematite nanoparticles by ATR FT-IR

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary P. Emerson ◽  
Brian A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Hematite Nanoparticles ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mediated Reduction

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that mineral surfaces may facilitate the reduction of plutonium though the mechanisms of the reduction are still unknown. The objective of this study is to use batch sorption and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments to observe the surface-mediated reduction of plutonium on hematite nanoparticles. These techniques allow for in situ measurement of reduction of plutonium with time and may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms of surface mediated reduction of plutonium. For the first time, ATR FT-IR peaks for Pu(VI) sorbed to hematite are measured at ∼ 916 cm

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