Sex-dependent Regeneration Patterns in Mouse Submandibular Glands

Our previous studies indicated that YIGSR-A99 peptides chemically conjugated to fibrin hydrogel (FH) and applied to wounded submandibular gland (SMG) in vivo, formed new organized salivary tissue, whereas wounded SMG treated with FH alone or in the absence of a scaffold showed disorganized collagen formation and poor tissue healing. While these studies indicated that damaged SMG grow and differentiate when treated with FH containing L1 peptide, they were performed only in female mice. However, there is a well-established sexual dimorphism present in mouse SMG (e.g., males develop well-differentiated granular convoluted tubules, but these structures are poorly developed in females) and little is known about how these sex differences influence wound healing events. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct comparative analyses of regeneration patterns in male and female mice using L1p-FH in a wounded SMG mouse model. Particularly, we focused on sex-dependent wound healing events such as macrophage polarization, vascularization, tissue organization, and collagen deposition, and how these events affect salivary gland functioning:

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Corrigendum: In vivo Hippocampal Serotonin Dynamics in Male and Female Mice: Determining Effects of Acute Escitalopram Using Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2019.00726 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel A. Saylor ◽

Melinda Hersey ◽

Alyssa West ◽

Anna Marie Buchanan ◽

Shane N. Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice

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PEG grafted chitosan scaffold for dual growth factor delivery for enhanced wound healing

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55214-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Amritha Vijayan ◽

Sabareeswaran A. ◽

G. S. Vinod Kumar

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Treated Group ◽

Growth Factor Delivery ◽

Chitosan Scaffold ◽

Collagen Formation ◽

Dual Growth Factor Delivery

AbstractApplication of growth factors at wound site has improved the efficiency and quality of healing. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induce proliferation of various cells in wound healing. Delivery of growth factor from controlled release systems protect it from degradation and also result in sustained delivery of it at the site of injury. The goal of the study was to develop a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) cross-linked cotton-like chitosan scaffold (CS-PEG-H) by freeze-drying method and chemically conjugate heparin to the scaffold to which the growth factors can be electrostatically bound and evaluate its wound healing properties in vitro and in vivo. The growth factor containing scaffolds induced increased proliferation of HaCaT cells, increased neovascularization and collagen formation seen by H and E and Masson’s trichrome staining. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the Ki67 marker which increased proliferation of cells in growth factor containing scaffold treated group. Frequent dressing changes are a major deterrent to proper wound healing. Our system was found to release both VEGF and bFGF in a continuous manner and attained stability after 7 days. Thus our system can maintain therapeutic levels of growth factor at the wound bed thereby avoiding the need for daily applications and frequent dressing changes. Thus, it can be a promising candidate for wound healing.

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Triticum aestivum in open skin wounds: cytotoxicity and collagen histopathology

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n4p1547 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 1547

Author(s):

Mariana Teixeira Tillmann ◽

Cláudia Beatriz De Mello Mendes ◽

Geferson Fischer ◽

Antonio Sergio Varela Júnior ◽

Cristina Gevehr Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Healing Process ◽

Control Cell ◽

Negative Control ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

Skin Wounds ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Collagen Formation

Phytoterapic compounds have been used in wound healing for many centuries. Nowadays, scientific evidences of phytotherapeutics is a requirement of the legislation. The scientific literature notes the need for healing topics yielding scars that are both aesthetically appealing and resistant. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of several doses of T. aestivum extract (2 mg mL-1, 4 mg mL-1, 6 mg mL-1, 8 mg mL-1 and 10 mg mL-1) in a fibroblast cell line and the healing process in an in vivo experimental model (New Zealand rabbits). For this, MTT test in 3T6 cells was performed in duplicates using MEM (0 mg ml-1) as negative control. Cell viability was calculated as: absorbance average in treatments/absorbance average in controls x 100. In vivo test was performed in 78 skin wounds in rabbits that were treated with 2 mg ml-1and 10 mg ml-1 of T. aestivum and non-ionic cream for 21 days. After this period, it was evaluated the histology using picrosorius and Gomori’s trichrome staining. Statistical analysis was evaluated using T test (Graphpad) for cytotoxicity assay, Fischer test for the gomori trichrome test (Grahpad) and Kruskal-Wallis (Statistic 9.0) for picrosirius test. The in vitro test resulted in cytotoxicity observed at 2mg mL-1 whereas cells were viable at higher doses. On the other hand, it was observed that collagen formation of wounds was more uniform with this dose than with 10mg mL-1 extract in the in vivo study. Thus, we conclude that the 2mg mL-1 T. aestivum aqueous extract dose was more efficient in the in vivo wound healing study, despite its cytotoxic effects in vitro.

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In vivo Hippocampal Serotonin Dynamics in Male and Female Mice: Determining Effects of Acute Escitalopram Using Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2019.00362 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rachel A. Saylor ◽

Melinda Hersey ◽

Alyssa West ◽

Anna Marie Buchanan ◽

Shane N. Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice

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KEAMANAN TEH GAHARU (Aquilaria malaccencis Lamk ) DARI POHON INDUKSI TERHADAP TOKSIK ORAL

Wahana Forestra Jurnal Kehutanan ◽

10.31849/forestra.v13i1.1399 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ridwanti Batubara ◽

Surjanto Surjanto ◽

Marsen Purba

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Research Method ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice ◽

All Treatment

Leaves aloes (Aquilaria malaccencis Lamk) used the farmer as a drink that in pour (tea). The result of that tea aloes have a very strong antioxidant activity. The problem are the aleo tea from tree induction safety of consume. This study aims to determine the symptoms of toxic posed of product tea aloes induction. The research method refers to the Guidance of Toxicity Non-Clinic Test in Vivo, Badan POM RI, 2011. Results showed that not found toxic symptoms in all treatment of male and female mice, safe for consumption.

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Cytochrome P450 Genes Are Differentially Expressed in Female and Male Hepatocyte Retinoid X Receptor α-Deficient Mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2002-0129 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 144 (6) ◽

pp. 2311-2318 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yan Cai ◽

Tiane Dai ◽

Yan Ao ◽

Tamiko Konishi ◽

Kuang-Hsiang Chuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Retinoid X Receptor ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Male Mice ◽

Wild Type ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice ◽

Deficient Mice

Abstract To study the functional role of retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) in hepatocytes, hepatocyte RXRα-deficient mice have been established. Characterization has been performed on male mice. In this paper, we show that the expression of CYP450 genes is differentially expressed in male and female hepatocyte RXRα-deficient mice; male mice have reduced expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP4A, CYP3A, and CYP2B mRNAs, but females do not exhibit such phenotypes. To examine the hormonal effects on this sexual dimorphic phenotype, male and female mice were subjected to 17β-estradiol and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment, respectively, and then the expression of the CYP450 genes was studied. Estradiol had no effect on protecting the hepatocyte RXRα-deficient mice from reduced expression of the CYP450 genes. In contrast, DHT induced hepatocyte RXRα-deficient female mice, but not wild-type female mice, to have the reduced expression of CYP450 mRNAs. In addition, castration prevented the mutant male mice from exhibiting reduced expression of CYP450 mRNAs. wild-type and mutant mouse livers from both genders express androgen receptors (ARs). By transient transfection, DHT-AR could inhibit RXRα-mediated transcription. Furthermore, by transfection and coimmunoprecipitation, RXR can interact with AR in vivo. These data suggest that testosterone has a negative impact on retinoid signaling when the level of RXRα is low, which may in turn reduce the expression of the CYP450 genes.

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Neuropeptide Substance P Enhances Skin Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo under Hypoxia

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9020222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 222

Author(s):

Suneel Kumar ◽

Yuying Tan ◽

Francois Berthiaume

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Substance P ◽

Wound Closure ◽

Skin Wound ◽

Skin Wound Healing ◽

Male And Female ◽

Low Serum

Pressure ulcers (PUs) or sores are a secondary complication of diabetic neuropathy and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). PUs tend to occur in soft tissues located around bony prominences and may heal slowly or not at all. A common mechanism underlying impaired healing of PUs may be dysfunction of the local neurovascular system including deficiency of essential neuropeptides, such as substance P (SP). Previous studies indicate that disturbance in cutaneous sensory innervation leads to a defect in all stages of wound healing, as is the case after SCI. It is hypothesized that nerve fibers enhance wound healing by promoting initial inflammation via the releasing of neuropeptides such as SP. Therefore, we investigated whether exogenous SP improves skin wound healing using in vitro and in vivo models. For in vitro studies, the effects of SP on keratinocyte proliferation and wound closure after a scratch injury were studied under normoxia (pO2 ~21%) or hypoxia (pO2 ~1%) and in presence of normal serum (10% v/v) or low serum (1% v/v) concentrations. Hypoxia and low serum both significantly slowed cell proliferation and wound closure. Under combined low serum and hypoxia, used to mimic the nutrient- and oxygen-poor environment of chronic wounds, SP (10−7 M) significantly enhanced cell proliferation and wound closure rate. For in vivo studies, two full-thickness excisional wounds were created with a 5 mm biopsy punch on the dorsum on either side of the midline of 15-week-old C57BL/6J male and female mice. Immediately, wounds were treated topically with one dose of 0.5 μg SP or PBS vehicle. The data suggest a beneficial role in wound closure and reepithelization, and thus enhanced wound healing, in male and female mice. Taken together, exogenously applied neuropeptide SP enhanced wound healing via cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Thus, exogenous SP may be a useful strategy to explore further for treating PUs in SCI and diabetic patients.

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Nanofiber-mediated sequential photothermal antibacteria and macrophage polarization for healing MRSA-infected diabetic wounds

Journal of Nanobiotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12951-021-01152-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhou Xu ◽

Bin Deng ◽

Xuewen Wang ◽

Jie Yu ◽

Zhuobin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Promote Cell Proliferation ◽

Diabetic Wound Healing ◽

Mrsa Infection ◽

Diabetic Wounds

Abstract Background Diabetic wound healing remains a challenge because of its susceptibility to drug-resistant bacterial infection and its persistent proinflammatory state. Switching from proinflammatory M1 macrophages (Mφs) to proregenerative M2 dominant Mφs in a timely manner accelerates wound healing by coordinating inflammatory, proliferative, and angiogenic processes. Methods We propose a sequential photothermal antibacterial and subsequent M2 Mφ polarization strategy based on nanofibers (NFs) consisting of polydopamine (PDA) coating on curcumin (Cur) nanocrystals to treat Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected diabetic wounds. Results The PDA/Cur NFs showed excellent photothermal conversion and antibacterial effects due to the PDA shell under laser irradiation, consequently resulting in the release of the inner Cur with the ability to promote cell proliferation and reinforce the M2 Mφ phenotype in vitro. In vivo studies on MRSA-infected diabetic wounds showed that PDA/Cur NFs not only inhibited MRSA infection but also accelerated the wound regeneration process. Furthermore, the NFs displayed the ability to promote the M2 Mφ phenotype with enhanced collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Conclusion Overall, the NFs displayed great potential as promising therapeutics for healing infected diabetic wounds through a sequential photothermal antibacterial and M2 Mφ polarization strategy. Graphical abstract

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Practices in Wound Healing Studies of Plants

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2011/438056 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Rupesh Thakur ◽

Nitika Jain ◽

Raghvendra Pathak ◽

Sardul Singh Sandhu

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Herbal Extract ◽

Herbal Extracts ◽

Stepping Stones ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Tissue Healing ◽

Healing Of Wounds ◽

Treatment Of Wounds

Wounds are the result of injuries to the skin that disrupt the other soft tissue. Healing of a wound is a complex and protracted process of tissue repair and remodeling in response to injury. Various plant products have been used in treatment of wounds over the years. Wound healing herbal extracts promote blood clotting, fight infection, and accelerate the healing of wounds. Phytoconstituents derived from plants need to be identified and screened for antimicrobial activity for management of wounds. Thein vitroassays are useful, quick, and relatively inexpensive. Small animals provide a multitude of model choices for various human wound conditions. The study must be conducted after obtaining approval of the Ethics Committee and according to the guidelines for care and use of animals. The prepared formulations of herbal extract can be evaluated by various physicopharmaceutical parameters. The wound healing efficacies of various herbal extracts have been evaluated in excision, incision, dead space, and burn wound models.In vitroandin vivoassays are stepping stones to well-controlled clinical trials of herbal extracts.

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Abstract 153: Inhibition of the 5-a-reductase Reduces Cardiac Hypertrophy and Improves Cardiac Function

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.113.suppl_1.a153 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 113 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Carolin Zwadlo ◽

Natali Froese ◽

Johann Bauersachs ◽

Joerg Heineke

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Capillary Density ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Heart Weight ◽

Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice

Objectives: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for increased cardiovascular mortality and a precursor of heart failure. Gender-specific differences point to a pivotal role of androgens in the development of pathological LVH. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is metabolized from testosterone via the enzyme 5-α-reductase. The 5-α-reductase is upregulated in the hypertrophied myocardium, leading to our assumption that DHT rather than testosterone is the crucial component in the development of LVH and might therefore constitute a potential therapeutic target. Methods: One week after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgery male wild-type mice were treated for 2 weeks via an oralgastric tube with the 5-α-reductase inhibitor finasteride (daily dose 25mg/kg BW) or were left untreated (controls). Male and female transgenic Gαq (TG, a model of dilative cardiomyopathy) or non-transgenic mice were treated with finasteride for 6 weeks. Results: Cardiac hypertrophy after TAC was dramatically reduced by finasteride in male mice (heart weight/ body weight ratio, HW/BW in mg/g: control 6.65±0.35 versus finasteride treated 5.23±0.3; p<0.01). The reduced hypertrophy in these mice was accompanied by a reduction in cardiomyocyte diameter, ANP expression and fibrosis, but increased capillary density and Serca2a expression. Accordingly, finasteride also markedly reduced hypertrophy in isolated primary rat cardiomyocytes in vitro . Amelioration of hypertrophy by finasteride was associated with blunted activation of the prohypertrophic kinase mTOR in vitro and in vivo . Left ventricular dilation in male Gαq TG mice was markedly reduced by treatment with finasteride, which also led to an improvement in left ventricular function (determined as fractional area change in % by echocardiography: finasteride 44.72±1.71 vs. control 32.8±3.84, p<0.05) and a similar trend was observed in female mice. Interestingly, finasteride reduced pulmonary congestion in male and female mice alike. Conclusion: Finasteride treatment reduces hypertrophy and eccentric cardiac remodelling in mice, indicating a possible involvement of DHT in these processes as well as a potential benefit of 5-α-reductase inhibition in cardiac disease.

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